Reactive Power Compensation and Control Strategies for Microgrids: A Review Based on New Energy Technologies

Research Article
Open access

Reactive Power Compensation and Control Strategies for Microgrids: A Review Based on New Energy Technologies

Yangyang Lu 1*
  • 1 School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Electrical Engineering, Guangzhou Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510540    
  • *corresponding author 3225567376@qq.com
ACE Vol.162
ISSN (Print): 2755-273X
ISSN (Online): 2755-2721
ISBN (Print): 978-1-80590-157-0
ISBN (Online): 978-1-80590-158-7

Abstract

With the accelerating global shift toward renewable energy, the penetration of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power in microgrids has increased significantly. However, this trend introduces challenges such as voltage fluctuations, harmonic interference, and reactive power imbalance. This paper reviews key reactive power compensation technologies and control strategies for microgrids, including static and dynamic devices (e.g., SVC, SVG) and coordinated control approaches (centralized, distributed, and intelligent optimization). Applications in renewable energy integration—such as wind, PV, storage, and EV charging—are also examined. Studies show that dynamic compensation, combined with advanced control methods like virtual synchronous machines and reinforcement learning, enhances power quality and grid stability, reducing losses by 8.2% to 15.6%. For example, Germany’s E.ON microgrid achieved a 12% loss reduction using a STATCOM-MPC strategy and increased renewable energy utilization by over 20% through source-storage-load coordination. This work outlines a technical roadmap for managing reactive power in high-renewable microgrids.

Keywords:

Microgrid, Reactive power compensation, New energy, Dynamic compensation

Lu,Y. (2025). Reactive Power Compensation and Control Strategies for Microgrids: A Review Based on New Energy Technologies. Applied and Computational Engineering,162,78-84.
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References

[1]. Smith, J. et al. (2023). "Voltage Collapse Mechanisms in High-Penetration PV Microgrids: A Data-Driven Analysis." Nature Energy, 8(4), 345-357.

[2]. Chen, L. et al. (2023). "Resonance Suppression in PV-Dominated Microgrids Using Hybrid Compensation." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 38(2), 1023-1035.

[3]. Müller, A., et al. (2022). Voltage Stability Enhancement in Urban Microgrids Using SVG-Based Dynamic Compensation: A Case Study of the Freiburg Community Project. *IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 13*(3), 1450-1461.

[4]. Gonzalez, R. et al. (2023). "Dynamic Reactive Power Sharing in Islanded Microgrids: A Blockchain-Enabled Approach." Applied Energy, 341, 121045.

[5]. Lund, P. D., & Østergaard, P. A. (2020). Wind energy integration in microgrids: Voltage control using STATCOM. Renewable Energy, 156, 1233-1245.

[6]. IEEE Std 1547-2018. IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces.

[7]. Blaabjerg, F., et al. (2019). PV inverter reactive power control for voltage regulation in low-voltage grids. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 10(2), 526-537.

[8]. Zhang, Y., et al. (2023). AI-Driven Reactive Power Optimization in 100% Renewable Microgrids. IEEE Trans. on Smart Grid.

Cite this article

Lu,Y. (2025). Reactive Power Compensation and Control Strategies for Microgrids: A Review Based on New Energy Technologies. Applied and Computational Engineering,162,78-84.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of CONF-FMCE 2025 Symposium: Semantic Communication for Media Compression and Transmission

ISBN：978-1-80590-157-0(Print) / 978-1-80590-158-7(Online)
Editor：Anil Fernando
Conference website: https://2025.conffmce.org/glasgow.html
Conference date: 24 October 2025
Series: Applied and Computational Engineering
Volume number: Vol.162
ISSN：2755-2721(Print) / 2755-273X(Online)

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References

[1]. Smith, J. et al. (2023). "Voltage Collapse Mechanisms in High-Penetration PV Microgrids: A Data-Driven Analysis." Nature Energy, 8(4), 345-357.

[2]. Chen, L. et al. (2023). "Resonance Suppression in PV-Dominated Microgrids Using Hybrid Compensation." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 38(2), 1023-1035.

[3]. Müller, A., et al. (2022). Voltage Stability Enhancement in Urban Microgrids Using SVG-Based Dynamic Compensation: A Case Study of the Freiburg Community Project. *IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 13*(3), 1450-1461.

[4]. Gonzalez, R. et al. (2023). "Dynamic Reactive Power Sharing in Islanded Microgrids: A Blockchain-Enabled Approach." Applied Energy, 341, 121045.

[5]. Lund, P. D., & Østergaard, P. A. (2020). Wind energy integration in microgrids: Voltage control using STATCOM. Renewable Energy, 156, 1233-1245.

[6]. IEEE Std 1547-2018. IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces.

[7]. Blaabjerg, F., et al. (2019). PV inverter reactive power control for voltage regulation in low-voltage grids. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 10(2), 526-537.

[8]. Zhang, Y., et al. (2023). AI-Driven Reactive Power Optimization in 100% Renewable Microgrids. IEEE Trans. on Smart Grid.

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