Accuracy Wave Fault Location Method Based on FPGA in a 110kV Distribution Network

Research Article
Open access

Accuracy Wave Fault Location Method Based on FPGA in a 110kV Distribution Network

Boyang Li 1*
  • 1 Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany    
  • *corresponding author boyanglitud@ldy.edu.rs
Published on 20 June 2025 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.24249
ACE Vol.168
ISSN (Print): 2755-273X
ISSN (Online): 2755-2721
ISBN (Print): 978-1-80590-205-8
ISBN (Online): 978-1-80590-206-5

Abstract

The reliability and stability of electrical distribution networks are essential in modern power systems. In high-voltage electrical distribution networks such as 110kV, faults occurring on transmission towers can result in significant disruptions, leading to economic losses and safety hazards. So, accurate fault location is crucial for minimizing downtime and enabling rapid restoration for the power systems. This paper reviews the current wave fault location method and introduces a new method to increase accuracy in identifying faults that can be caused by ungrounding, small resistance grounding, and arc suppression coil grounding. The method makes use of a time system through a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), which has high precision and fast execution time. The time system based has a time accuracy of 10 nanoseconds. Moreover, it can maintain operational integrity for at least 17 seconds when the Global Positioning System (GPS) loses signal from satellites. The wave fault location method is also implemented through FPGA, and the results are analyzed and visualized using MATLAB, demonstrating the accuracy of the fault location in the distribution lines.

Keywords:

Double-ended wave fault location method, 110kV distribution network, Accurate and stable timing system, Signal Filtering, FPGA

Li,B. (2025). Accuracy Wave Fault Location Method Based on FPGA in a 110kV Distribution Network. Applied and Computational Engineering,168,34-44.
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References

[1]. Y. Yongxing et al. (2024). Travelling Waves Based Fault Location Method for Overhead-Cable Hybrid Multi-Terminal Transmission Line. 2024 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Power Science and Technology (ICPST) (pp. 1058-1063).

[2]. X. Zhang & L. Hao (2023). Simulation Research on Traveling Wave Fault Location Method of 110 kV Transmission Line Based on Matlab. 2023 International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering and Computer Applications (AEECA) (pp. 155-161)

[3]. J. F. Martins, A. Martins, R. Lopes, P. Pereira, A. J. Pires & V. F. Pires (2023). Comparative Analysis of Travelling Wave-Based Fault Location Method for Different Sampling. 2023 IEEE 17th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG) (pp. 1-6)

[4]. Y. Xia, Z. Li, Y. Xi, G. Wu, W. Peng & L. Mu (2024). Accurate Fault Location Method for Multiple Faults in Transmission Networks Using Travelling Waves. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 20, no. 6 (pp. 8717-8728).

[5]. X. Luo, J. Wu, P. Jia & Z. Deng (2023). A Novel Two-terminal Asynchronous Fault Location Method Based on Exchange Traveling Wave Information in Fault Section. 2023 IEEE PES 15th Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC) (pp. 1-6).

[6]. T. Banerjee, Z. Miao & L. Fan (2023). Traveling Wave Based Fault Location Methods: Review and Demonstration. 2023 North American Power Symposium (NAPS) (pp. 1-6).

[7]. L. Chen, Z. Yin, G. Zhang, Y. Tang & D. Zhou (2022). Analysis and Improvement of Line Fault Location in Distribution Systems via Pulse Reflection Method. 2022 IEEE 3rd China International Youth Conference on Electrical Engineering (CIYCEE) (pp. 1-5).

[8]. R. Razzaghi, F. Rachidi & M. Paolone (2017). Single-end FPGA-based fault location system for radial/meshed AC/DC networks based on the electromagnetic time reversal theory. 2017 IEEE Manchester PowerTech, Manchester (pp. 1-7).

[9]. Z. Wang, J. Liang, K. Guo & C. Liu (2020). Research on Traveling Wave Fault Location Method of Railway Automatic Blocking/Power Continuous Line Based on Noncontact Measurement. 2020 IEEE 3rd Student Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (SCEMS) (pp. 449-454).

[10]. P. Le-Huy, S. Guerette, L. A. Dessaint & H. Le-Huy (2006). Real-Time Simulation of Power Electronics in Power Systems using an FPGA. 2006 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ottawa, (pp. 873-877).

[11]. Xiao-Wei Zhang, Yan-Xin Xu & Jia Xing (2007). Denosing and smoothing for oil well data base on discrete stationary wavelet transform. 2007 International Conference on Wavelet Analysis and Pattern Recognition (pp. 1808-1811)

Cite this article

Li,B. (2025). Accuracy Wave Fault Location Method Based on FPGA in a 110kV Distribution Network. Applied and Computational Engineering,168,34-44.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Materials Chemistry and Environmental Engineering

ISBN：978-1-80590-205-8(Print) / 978-1-80590-206-5(Online)
Editor：Harun CELIK
Conference website: https://2025.confmcee.org/
Conference date: 17 January 2025
Series: Applied and Computational Engineering
Volume number: Vol.168
ISSN：2755-2721(Print) / 2755-273X(Online)

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References

[1]. Y. Yongxing et al. (2024). Travelling Waves Based Fault Location Method for Overhead-Cable Hybrid Multi-Terminal Transmission Line. 2024 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Power Science and Technology (ICPST) (pp. 1058-1063).

[2]. X. Zhang & L. Hao (2023). Simulation Research on Traveling Wave Fault Location Method of 110 kV Transmission Line Based on Matlab. 2023 International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering and Computer Applications (AEECA) (pp. 155-161)

[3]. J. F. Martins, A. Martins, R. Lopes, P. Pereira, A. J. Pires & V. F. Pires (2023). Comparative Analysis of Travelling Wave-Based Fault Location Method for Different Sampling. 2023 IEEE 17th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG) (pp. 1-6)

[4]. Y. Xia, Z. Li, Y. Xi, G. Wu, W. Peng & L. Mu (2024). Accurate Fault Location Method for Multiple Faults in Transmission Networks Using Travelling Waves. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 20, no. 6 (pp. 8717-8728).

[5]. X. Luo, J. Wu, P. Jia & Z. Deng (2023). A Novel Two-terminal Asynchronous Fault Location Method Based on Exchange Traveling Wave Information in Fault Section. 2023 IEEE PES 15th Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC) (pp. 1-6).

[6]. T. Banerjee, Z. Miao & L. Fan (2023). Traveling Wave Based Fault Location Methods: Review and Demonstration. 2023 North American Power Symposium (NAPS) (pp. 1-6).

[7]. L. Chen, Z. Yin, G. Zhang, Y. Tang & D. Zhou (2022). Analysis and Improvement of Line Fault Location in Distribution Systems via Pulse Reflection Method. 2022 IEEE 3rd China International Youth Conference on Electrical Engineering (CIYCEE) (pp. 1-5).

[8]. R. Razzaghi, F. Rachidi & M. Paolone (2017). Single-end FPGA-based fault location system for radial/meshed AC/DC networks based on the electromagnetic time reversal theory. 2017 IEEE Manchester PowerTech, Manchester (pp. 1-7).

[9]. Z. Wang, J. Liang, K. Guo & C. Liu (2020). Research on Traveling Wave Fault Location Method of Railway Automatic Blocking/Power Continuous Line Based on Noncontact Measurement. 2020 IEEE 3rd Student Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (SCEMS) (pp. 449-454).

[10]. P. Le-Huy, S. Guerette, L. A. Dessaint & H. Le-Huy (2006). Real-Time Simulation of Power Electronics in Power Systems using an FPGA. 2006 Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ottawa, (pp. 873-877).

[11]. Xiao-Wei Zhang, Yan-Xin Xu & Jia Xing (2007). Denosing and smoothing for oil well data base on discrete stationary wavelet transform. 2007 International Conference on Wavelet Analysis and Pattern Recognition (pp. 1808-1811)

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