1. Introduction

As the cornerstone of social equity, promoting educational equity is the foundation of public welfare and education [1]. Without education equity, civilizations will not obtain society resources equally. The introduction of family education is an essential way to achieve fair basic education, while education is one of the most significant methods to distribute social resources properly. According to Husén, the equity of education should cover three levels of meaning: first is the start of being educated (the pursuit of equal access to education for teenagers and children) [2-3]; second, the educational process, namely the desire of fairness in resource allocation; finally, it is educational outcomes, which means achieving personal self-realization with the help of educational process. Family plays an important role in the first two steps. Better-educated parents are more likely to offer opportunities for their children to get into high-quality schools and access study-related resources, which makes transmission between generations appear and intensify. The fairness of education can be reflected through the educational opportunities provided by family and society at the same time, so family is an aspect which should be paid attention in order to realize educational equity and social equity [4]. This paper mainly adopts the method of literature review to summarize and conclude the analysis of family education and make discussion of aspects that influence children’s education situation, like literacy, economic conditions and psychological health. The research of this paper can provide relevant reference value for people engaged in the education industry.

2. Family Values and Cultural Background

2.1. Parental Educational Methods

Billions of parents regard school as the most effective way to educate their children. However, considerable contributions cannot be created solely by teachers and schools in the backdrop of modern society. Family is the initial environment for children's growth, and family education is the most direct and useful education. , It needs to be cared and paid a lot as an important component of education [5]. Educational equity can be reflected in the educational opportunities, which is provided by family and society. Taking proper methods in family education is definitely necessary, especially when the educated are at a low age stage. Reading picture books is a case in point. Many well-educated parents who care about children are inclined to use picture books to teach their kids how to speak and help them acquire basic knowledge, while plenty of parents pay no attention to their children’s early childhood education. Other family members’ education levels will also have obvious influences on many aspects of children’s education, for instance, a student who has a pair of literate parents is more likely to get access to greater university.

2.2. Emphasis and Investment in Education

According to Chen, Zhang&Yuan, parents’ education backgrounds will influence their kids’ education by their comments, investment capabilities and efficiency [6]. Parents’ education backgrounds and attitudes towards education play a very crucial role in the process of shaping their children's academic literacy and is important for children to realize personal development. It is often observed that parents who achieved a higher level of education themselves, tend to put considerable efforts and budget on their children's educational achievements. They are more likely to spend more than poor citizens in fostering their children's professional skills and logical thinking abilities. The amount of educational resources that parents have attained in their childhood can determine their capacities of offering financially support to their children's opportunities of getting educational resources. Usually, better-educated parents possibly have a better economy condition and funding which enable them to provide greater economic support for their children's education than less educated and poorer parents.

The educational level of parents will have a significant impact on the effectiveness of their investments in education (their children’s). Well-educated parents have the knowledge and skills to make an effective decision. This enables them to make wiser use of their restricted energy and financial resources to improve their educational achievements. The appearance of compulsory education has a significant impact on different backgrounds parents’ comments and perspectives. They can strengthen the belief in education of less-educated parents that their children only need to complete basic education, without getting further and higher education, which affects their decision to invest more in their children's education.

2.3. The Subtle Influence of Cultural Literacy

The level of parents’ cultural literacy directly affects the cultural knowledge system that children contact and master. Parents with higher literacy are more likely to play an active role in their children's development, helping them to lay a solid foundation of knowledge. Building this foundation is critical to children's development in language skills, reading comprehension, and overall academic achievement [7]. The theory of "cultural capital" elaborated by Bourdieu profoundly points out that the cultural quality possessed by parents is one of the indispensable core elements to build this capital [8]. Systematic education, normative use of language, active participation in various cultural activities, and many other formal channels, have a profound and lasting impact on the trajectory of children's growth. Cultural capital is firmly inherited in the family as the basic social unit and profoundly shapes children's academic achievement track and social status level. Specifically, those parents with deep cultural literacy can often rely on their own resources to provide their children with more diversified cultural nourishment and educational support, so as to effectively enhance the accumulation of cultural capital for their children and make them occupy a more favorable position in the competition of the education system. As individuals with independent thoughts, parents' ideas and perspectives are inevitably subjective. In the process of their children's education, parents will have their own expectations and goals to varying degrees, for different aspects. According to Rodríguez-Bravo&Murga-Menoyo, strengthening and deepening the importance of educational programs designed for parents is necessary to help them more accurately articulate and define their core personal values. Parents should go through an in-depth self-examination process, guided by high ethical standards, to fully assess and clearly examine their own role goals and deep aspirations as family caregivers.

3. Family Financial Situation

The family's economic situation is one of the key factors that parents must carefully consider when investing in their children's education. In families with sound economic conditions, parents are more likely to have the ability to provide their children with superior educational resources, in aspects like environments and opportunities. Such investments can not only promote academic achievements in children but also lay a solid foundation for their long-term development [9-10]. Time is one of the necessary conditions for accomplishing all goals. In family education, whether parents are rich in time and money will also greatly affect their children. Left-behind children, a concept which is popular and paid much attention in China, are a typical and direct verification. Lack of parental companionship and education during childhood can have a serious impact on the mental health and behaviour of left-behind children, leading to problems such as low self-esteem, anxiety, loneliness, character flaws, communication difficulties and vulgarity, which can persist into adulthood. According to Su, X, Su, J.&Liu, J’s experiment, we can dope out those facts and conclusions [11]:

Due to the lack of parental companionship and care, left-behind children are prone to feelings of inferiority and anxiety, which may weaken their social skills and lead to aggressive behaviors, thus increasing their likelihood of committing crimes later in life.

b. Although the reality of social structure and development has led to the trend of rural parents migrating for work, by improving the family environment and educational methods, we can alleviate the negative impact suffered by left-behind children.

c. Due to the lack of communication and education from parents, left-behind children may have deficiencies in socializing and coping with affairs, which may cause them to become introverted and have social difficulties. In contrast, left-behind children raised by a single parent generally perform better in terms of social skills.

d. Children who grow up in a school education environment have a lower detection rate of social and behavioral problems than children who grow up in a family education environment. However, the communication and companionship that children receive after school in a home education environment can help improve their social skills and mental health.

e. The mental health of left-behind children is closely related to their parents' companionship. In general, children raised by a single parent perform better in mental health than children raised by no parent, which reflects the positive impact of family education on children's mental health.

4. The Difference in Social Capital

The socioeconomic status of a family not only determines its ability to acquire material resources but also profoundly affects the extent to which it accumulates social capital. Social capital is a concept which contains a wide range of social networks, the involvement and support of parents in education. These factors play an unshakable role in the educational process of children [12]. In particular, families with a higher socio-economic status typically have greater access to educational resources, including but not limited to quality education, diversified educational materials and an abundance of extracurricular activities. Moreover, the parents of such families are often highly educated and have extensive social networks, which allow them to participate more effectively in the process of educating their children and provide them with opportunities for learning and support. For example, it may be easier for them to contact teachers, to follow their children's learning progress, or provide children with internships and hands-on opportunities to help them gain practical experience. Thus, the socio-economic status of the family largely determines the educational resources and social support available to children, which in turn profoundly affects the results of their education. Education is an important way to upward mobility in society [13]. In societies where there is significant inequality, a family's economic status has long been an important indicator of whether a child will achieve significant academic success. This phenomenon further exacerbates social stratification, making it harder for children from economically disadvantaged families to escape the shackles of poverty.

5. The Psychological Aspect of the Educated Person

Generally, the mental health conditions of educated children are influenced by those factors: parents’ psychological aspect, education levels, the pressure of works, educational methods, family’s economic conditions, family structure, the relationship between relatives, and society. Essentially, these can be divided into two basic categories: parental level, society level [14-18].

Mentally healthy parents are more likely to make their children grow up with good mental quality and situation. On the contrary, if parents fail to cope with their own psychological challenges, they may fail to avoid putting pressure on their children, which can trigger psychological and spiritual problems in their children. One thing that cannot be ignored is parents’ pressure from their own jobs. There is no denying that adults feel stressed more significantly than children in their daily lives and professional fields. Adults often need to take on more responsibilities and obligations while facing various life chores and work challenges, which put them under great psychological and emotional pressure. In the process of parent-child communication, if parents are under heavy work pressure, they may inadvertently show some negative emotions and psychological states. These negative emotions may be transmitted to the child through speech, expression or behavior, thus having a certain impact on the child's psychological development and behavior pattern. The completeness of the family structure and the harmony among the relationships between family members also affect the physical and mental health of children. People also have to consider and pay attention to the psychological control. Unlike the controls of behaviors and actions, psychological control is more like the regulation of children’s minds and thoughts. Many parents get used to adopt such methods in their progress of educating children, which leads to a sense of guilt and shame generated in children’s minds [19].

Currently, up-to-date information technologies have gradually become important in daily life, which also means that children’s education and study will be influenced in uncertain extent. Dealing with increasingly time-consuming electronic devices is a severe challenge for family education. Although digital technologies have some positive impacts on improving teenagers emotions and communication situations, help them get support in emotions, anxiety, self-abasement and online bullying also exist on the internet [20].

6. Conclusion

This paper mainly discussed family’s impacts and effects on children’s education and how family education influence the educational equity in many aspects. Generally, family contexts, economic conditions, society, parental psychological health and scientific techniques all play irreplaceable roles in education equity, especially in the aspect of family education. To realize total equity in the educational area, there is a long process. Many residual issues have to be solved. This paper is based on recent years' articles and makes a general review, which means it exists timeliness. Also, because of the shortage of realistic resources, it lacks effective and well-designed research about family education. Probably psychological issues in educational progress have been a significant problem for many decades. Also, the solutions of inequity are few still, which needs researchers to put emphasis on.