The Comparison of Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide Used in Sunscreen Based on Their Enhanced Absorption

Research Article
Open access

The Comparison of Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide Used in Sunscreen Based on Their Enhanced Absorption

Xinzhuo Wang 1*
  • 1 The University of Manchester    
  • *corresponding author xinzhuo.wang@student.manchester.ac.uk
Published on 7 November 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/24/20230715
ACE Vol.24
ISSN (Print): 2755-273X
ISSN (Online): 2755-2721
ISBN (Print): 978-1-83558-069-1
ISBN (Online): 978-1-83558-070-7

Abstract

Nanomaterials have become increasingly popular in the cosmetic industry, especially in sunscreen production. These tiny particles can improve the performance of sunscreen products by enhancing their capacity to reflect and absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This paper introduces two typical metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), TiO2 NPs and ZnO NPs, in sunscreen and cosmetic products. Because of their propensity to absorb and deflect harmful UV radiation, they are frequently utilised. However, there is rising worry regarding the safe use of nanoparticles in these products especially the potential negative impact on human health. Moreover, the environmental risks associated with them, particularly in terms of their enhanced absorption properties also make their use an ongoing debate. In fact, studies have suggested that while they can result in more effective sun protection, they may also lead to unintended consequences. This paper also compares their sun protection effects, environmental impacts and health risks. It is crucial for customers to weigh the benefits and risks of nanomaterials in cosmetics and for both manufacturers and governments to adopt appropriate and detailed measures to ensure their safe and responsible use.

Keywords:

titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), nanoparticles, cosmetics, sunscreens

Wang,X. (2023). The Comparison of Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide Used in Sunscreen Based on Their Enhanced Absorption. Applied and Computational Engineering,24,237-245.
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References

[1]. Salvioni, L., Morelli, L., Ochoa, E., Labra, M., Fiandra, L., Palugan, L., ... & Colombo, M. 2021 Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 293, 102437.

[2]. Berbel Manaia, E., Kaminski, R., Corrêa, M., Chiavacci, L. 2013 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 49. 201-209.

[3]. Damiani, E., & Puglia, C. 2019 Nanocarriers and microcarriers for enhancing the UV protection of sunscreens: An overview. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 108(12), 3769-3780.

[4]. Santos, A. C., Marto, J., Cha-Cha, R., Martins, A. M., Pereira-Silva, M., Ribeiro, H. M., & Veiga, F. 2022 Materials Today Chemistry, 23 100709.

[5]. Wang, S. Q., & Tooley, I. R. 2011 Seminars in cutaneous medicine and surgery 30 210-213.

[6]. Gulson, B., McCall, M. J., Korsch, M. J., Gomez, L., Casey, P., Oytam, Y., ... & Taylor, A. 2010 Toxicological Sciences, 118 140-149.

[7]. Ben Elkamel, I., Hamdaoui, N., Mezni, A., Ajjel, R., & Beji, L. 2019 Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 30 9444-9454.

[8]. Siller, Alfredo & Blaszak, Scott & Lazar, Michelle & Harken. 2018 Plastic Surgical Nursing. 38. 158-161.

[9]. Lin, Q., Xu Xu, R. H. J., Yang, N., Karim, A. A., Loh, X. J., & Zhang, K. 2019 ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2 7604-7616.

[10]. Petersen E.J., Diamond S.A., Kennedy A.J., Goss G. G., Ho K., Lead J., Hanna S.K., Hartmann N.B., Hund-Rinke K., Mader B., Manier N., Pandard P., Salinas E.R., and Sayre P. 2015 Environmental Science & Technology 49 9532-9547,

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[13]. Slomberg, D. L., Catalano, R., Bartolomei, V., & Labille, J. 2021 Environmental Pollution, 271 116263.

[14]. Li, M., Luo, Z., Yan, Y., Wang, Z., Chi, Q., Yan, C., & Xing, B. 2016 Environmental Science & Technology, 50 9636-9643.

[15]. Miao, A. J., Zhang, X. Y., Luo, Z., Chen, C. S., Chin, W. C., Santschi, P. H., & Quigg, A. 2010 Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 29 2814-2822.

[16]. Regulations of the European Commission on sunscreen products. Available from : https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/cosmetics/cosmetic-products-specific-topics/sunscreen-products_en [accessed 22 Apr, 2023]

[17]. Fact sheet entitled Sunscreens with titanium dioxide as nanoparticles Health risks? Based on the opinion of the independent Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS): ‘Opinion on titanium dioxide (nano form) COLIPA n° S75’ (April 2014). Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/docs/citizens_titaniumnano_en.pdf [accessed 22 Apr, 2023]

[18]. Interview of Theresa M. Michele, M.D (16/12/2022). An update on sunscreen requirements: The deemed final order and the proposed order. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/update-sunscreen-requirements-deemed-final-order-and-proposed-order [accessed 22 Apr, 2023]

Cite this article

Wang,X. (2023). The Comparison of Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide Used in Sunscreen Based on Their Enhanced Absorption. Applied and Computational Engineering,24,237-245.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Functional Materials and Civil Engineering

ISBN：978-1-83558-069-1(Print) / 978-1-83558-070-7(Online)
Editor：Bhupesh Kumar
Conference website: https://www.conffmce.org/
Conference date: 26 August 2023
Series: Applied and Computational Engineering
Volume number: Vol.24
ISSN：2755-2721(Print) / 2755-273X(Online)

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References

[1]. Salvioni, L., Morelli, L., Ochoa, E., Labra, M., Fiandra, L., Palugan, L., ... & Colombo, M. 2021 Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 293, 102437.

[2]. Berbel Manaia, E., Kaminski, R., Corrêa, M., Chiavacci, L. 2013 Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 49. 201-209.

[3]. Damiani, E., & Puglia, C. 2019 Nanocarriers and microcarriers for enhancing the UV protection of sunscreens: An overview. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 108(12), 3769-3780.

[4]. Santos, A. C., Marto, J., Cha-Cha, R., Martins, A. M., Pereira-Silva, M., Ribeiro, H. M., & Veiga, F. 2022 Materials Today Chemistry, 23 100709.

[5]. Wang, S. Q., & Tooley, I. R. 2011 Seminars in cutaneous medicine and surgery 30 210-213.

[6]. Gulson, B., McCall, M. J., Korsch, M. J., Gomez, L., Casey, P., Oytam, Y., ... & Taylor, A. 2010 Toxicological Sciences, 118 140-149.

[7]. Ben Elkamel, I., Hamdaoui, N., Mezni, A., Ajjel, R., & Beji, L. 2019 Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 30 9444-9454.

[8]. Siller, Alfredo & Blaszak, Scott & Lazar, Michelle & Harken. 2018 Plastic Surgical Nursing. 38. 158-161.

[9]. Lin, Q., Xu Xu, R. H. J., Yang, N., Karim, A. A., Loh, X. J., & Zhang, K. 2019 ACS Applied Nano Materials, 2 7604-7616.

[10]. Petersen E.J., Diamond S.A., Kennedy A.J., Goss G. G., Ho K., Lead J., Hanna S.K., Hartmann N.B., Hund-Rinke K., Mader B., Manier N., Pandard P., Salinas E.R., and Sayre P. 2015 Environmental Science & Technology 49 9532-9547,

[11]. Gulson, B., McCall, M. J., Bowman, D. M., & Pinheiro, T. 2015 Archives of toxicology, 89 1909-1930.

[12]. Petersen, E. J., Diamond, S. A., Kennedy, A. J., Goss, G. G., Ho, K., Lead, J. R., ... & Hanna, S. K. 2015 Environmental Science: Nano, 2 549-561.

[13]. Slomberg, D. L., Catalano, R., Bartolomei, V., & Labille, J. 2021 Environmental Pollution, 271 116263.

[14]. Li, M., Luo, Z., Yan, Y., Wang, Z., Chi, Q., Yan, C., & Xing, B. 2016 Environmental Science & Technology, 50 9636-9643.

[15]. Miao, A. J., Zhang, X. Y., Luo, Z., Chen, C. S., Chin, W. C., Santschi, P. H., & Quigg, A. 2010 Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 29 2814-2822.

[16]. Regulations of the European Commission on sunscreen products. Available from : https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/cosmetics/cosmetic-products-specific-topics/sunscreen-products_en [accessed 22 Apr, 2023]

[17]. Fact sheet entitled Sunscreens with titanium dioxide as nanoparticles Health risks? Based on the opinion of the independent Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS): ‘Opinion on titanium dioxide (nano form) COLIPA n° S75’ (April 2014). Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/docs/citizens_titaniumnano_en.pdf [accessed 22 Apr, 2023]

[18]. Interview of Theresa M. Michele, M.D (16/12/2022). An update on sunscreen requirements: The deemed final order and the proposed order. Available from: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/news-events-human-drugs/update-sunscreen-requirements-deemed-final-order-and-proposed-order [accessed 22 Apr, 2023]

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