References
[1]. Bürgi, M., Hersperger, A. M., & Schneeberger, N. (2004). Driving forces of landscape change: Current and new directions. Landscape Ecology, 19(8), 857–868.
[2]. Wei, W., Zhang, Y. L., Zhao, B., & Wang, H. (2011). The impact of urban expansion on landscape pattern differentiation during rapid urbanization. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 20(1), 7–12.
[3]. Xiao, Y., Wang, Y. H., & Yin, C. (2010). Study on land use change in Beijing’s urban area over the past 20 years based on TM imagery. In Chinese Society of Remote Sensing (Ed.), Proceedings of the 17th China Remote Sensing Conference (p. 201).
[4]. Li, G. D., & Qi, W. (2019). The impact of construction land expansion on the evolution of landscape patterns in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 74(12), 2572–2591.
[5]. Li, C., Li, J. X., & Wu, J. G. (2018). What drives urban growth in China? A multi-scale comparative analysis. Applied Geography, 98, 43–51.
[6]. Koomen, E., Bakema, A., Stillwell, J., & Scholten, H. (1999). Land-use changes and their environmental impact in rural areas in Europe. In UNESCO Reports (pp. 81–102). Paris: UNESCO.
[7]. Hersperger, A. M., & Bürgi, M. (2007). Driving forces of landscape change in the urbanizing Limmat Valley, Switzerland. In Koomen, E., Stillwell, J., Bakema, A., & Scholten, H. (Eds.), Modelling Land-Use Change (pp. 45–60). Springer.
[8]. Aimes, N. B. P., Sendra, J. B., & Delgado, M. G. (2010). Exploring the driving forces behind deforestation in the State of Mexico using geographically weighted regression. Applied Geography, 30(4), 576–591.
[9]. Gong, Y. B. (2013). Research on the spatial-temporal evolution and driving mechanism of urban wetland landscape pattern in Changsha [Master’s thesis, Central South University of Forestry and Technology].
[10]. Fu, H. Y. (2014). Study on urban landscape pattern evolution and driving forces in Nanchang City [Master’s thesis, East China University of Technology].
[11]. Hu, J., Ma, A. Q., & Ma, B. R. (2017). Wetland landscape pattern evolution and driving force analysis in the Ziya River Basin from 2000 to 2014. Journal of Ocean University of China, 47(9), 110–118.
[12]. Luo, Y. J., & Li, C. (2019). Spatiotemporal evolution and driving mechanism of construction land expansion in Yangzhou. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 38(6), 1872–1880.
[13]. Che, T., Li, C., & Luo, Y. J. (2020). Landscape pattern evolution and its driving forces of construction land during urban expansion. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40(10), 3283–3294.
[14]. Dong, Y. H., Wu, D. Y., Wang, Y., & Sun, S. W. (2022). Landscape pattern change and its driving forces in Taocheng District, Hengshui City based on GIS. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 61(21), 45–49, 129.
[15]. Li, Y. Y. (2021). Research on spatial structure of the ecological urban agglomeration in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region [Master’s thesis, Beijing Jiaotong University].
[16]. Shijiazhuang Bureau of Statistics. (n.d.). Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development of Shijiazhuang. Retrieved May 12, 2025, from https://tjj.sjz.gov.cn/columns/7de8ce3b-2c70-4ea5-a3eb-e084223b5c52/index.html
Cite this article
Zhang,Y.;Wang,Z. (2025). Analysis of urban landscape change driving forces based on principal component analysis: a case study of City S in North China. Advances in Engineering Innovation,16(6),1-9.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
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References
[1]. Bürgi, M., Hersperger, A. M., & Schneeberger, N. (2004). Driving forces of landscape change: Current and new directions. Landscape Ecology, 19(8), 857–868.
[2]. Wei, W., Zhang, Y. L., Zhao, B., & Wang, H. (2011). The impact of urban expansion on landscape pattern differentiation during rapid urbanization. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 20(1), 7–12.
[3]. Xiao, Y., Wang, Y. H., & Yin, C. (2010). Study on land use change in Beijing’s urban area over the past 20 years based on TM imagery. In Chinese Society of Remote Sensing (Ed.), Proceedings of the 17th China Remote Sensing Conference (p. 201).
[4]. Li, G. D., & Qi, W. (2019). The impact of construction land expansion on the evolution of landscape patterns in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 74(12), 2572–2591.
[5]. Li, C., Li, J. X., & Wu, J. G. (2018). What drives urban growth in China? A multi-scale comparative analysis. Applied Geography, 98, 43–51.
[6]. Koomen, E., Bakema, A., Stillwell, J., & Scholten, H. (1999). Land-use changes and their environmental impact in rural areas in Europe. In UNESCO Reports (pp. 81–102). Paris: UNESCO.
[7]. Hersperger, A. M., & Bürgi, M. (2007). Driving forces of landscape change in the urbanizing Limmat Valley, Switzerland. In Koomen, E., Stillwell, J., Bakema, A., & Scholten, H. (Eds.), Modelling Land-Use Change (pp. 45–60). Springer.
[8]. Aimes, N. B. P., Sendra, J. B., & Delgado, M. G. (2010). Exploring the driving forces behind deforestation in the State of Mexico using geographically weighted regression. Applied Geography, 30(4), 576–591.
[9]. Gong, Y. B. (2013). Research on the spatial-temporal evolution and driving mechanism of urban wetland landscape pattern in Changsha [Master’s thesis, Central South University of Forestry and Technology].
[10]. Fu, H. Y. (2014). Study on urban landscape pattern evolution and driving forces in Nanchang City [Master’s thesis, East China University of Technology].
[11]. Hu, J., Ma, A. Q., & Ma, B. R. (2017). Wetland landscape pattern evolution and driving force analysis in the Ziya River Basin from 2000 to 2014. Journal of Ocean University of China, 47(9), 110–118.
[12]. Luo, Y. J., & Li, C. (2019). Spatiotemporal evolution and driving mechanism of construction land expansion in Yangzhou. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 38(6), 1872–1880.
[13]. Che, T., Li, C., & Luo, Y. J. (2020). Landscape pattern evolution and its driving forces of construction land during urban expansion. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40(10), 3283–3294.
[14]. Dong, Y. H., Wu, D. Y., Wang, Y., & Sun, S. W. (2022). Landscape pattern change and its driving forces in Taocheng District, Hengshui City based on GIS. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 61(21), 45–49, 129.
[15]. Li, Y. Y. (2021). Research on spatial structure of the ecological urban agglomeration in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region [Master’s thesis, Beijing Jiaotong University].
[16]. Shijiazhuang Bureau of Statistics. (n.d.). Statistical Bulletin on National Economic and Social Development of Shijiazhuang. Retrieved May 12, 2025, from https://tjj.sjz.gov.cn/columns/7de8ce3b-2c70-4ea5-a3eb-e084223b5c52/index.html