Second language learning is a multifaceted and dynamic process involving numerous individual difference factors. These cognitive, conative, affective, and social factors influence, predict, or even sometimes determine the outcome of second language learning. This paper attempts to explore the role of emotion, motivation, self-efficacy, and flow in second language learning by reviewing Albert’s book, including the research context, affective factors, an overview of second language learning tasks, three empirical studies, and pedagogical implications. The summary and review of the findings provide insights and suggestions for second language teaching.

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Dunhuang painters are a subgroup within the category of artisans. Although they represent only one type of artisan, their significance in Dunhuang is undeniable. The work of these painters goes beyond mere artistry; the historical materials they have left behind are of great importance. Through their images, they tell the story of the development of ancient civilization. Every mural and every sculpture not only represents the manifestation of Dunhuang civilization but also serves as a vital addition to the larger narrative of Chinese history. Dunhuang painters are both ancient and contemporary figures. The ancient Dunhuang painters left us with inexhaustible spiritual and material wealth. Contemporary Dunhuang painters continue to provide us with a spirit of innovation and an unbroken legacy that evolves with the times.

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Nonverbal symbols are widely used in various social contexts in daily life. In the context of variety shows, nonverbal symbols play a role in constructing celebrity personas and driving plot development. In an era dominated by short videos, the use of nonverbal symbols by some content creators has become more evident for segmented communication. Due to the inherent authenticity of nonverbal symbols, inconsistencies in their use within variety shows can lead to "persona collapse." This paper analyzes the role of nonverbal symbols in constructing celebrity personas within variety shows through case studies. Furthermore, it explores how the public's trust in information is influenced by various factors amid the widespread dissemination of information on short video platforms. The findings offer insights for the planning and performance of variety shows and the analysis of public opinion on the internet.

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This study explores the intersection of Chinese cultural values, payment behaviors, and the concept of altruism through a cultural and psychological lens. Drawing from traditional Confucian principles such as renqing (relational obligations) and guanxi (social networks), the research examines how these values shape attitudes toward payment, emphasizing trust, reciprocity, and moral obligations over monetary transactions. By analyzing practices like free assistance and non-monetary exchanges, the study highlights the influence of cultural norms on fostering community cohesion and sustaining social support. Case studies, including the innovative model of For A Safer Space (FASS), illustrate the application of these values in mental health services and philanthropy. The findings underscore the complexities of integrating altruistic behaviors with modern economic systems, emphasizing the importance of cultural sensitivity in service delivery and global business practices. This analysis contributes to a nuanced understanding of how deeply rooted cultural and psychological frameworks drive altruistic motivations, influence consumer and organizational behavior, and reshape the dynamics of social support in the Chinese context.

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