
To what extent does having diabetes influence individuals suffering from anxiety and depression?
- 1 Suzhou No. 1 High School International Division
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The aim of the project is to find out to what extent diabetes affects individuals and leads to anxiety and depression, to identify the causes of diabetes and mental illnesses, and to explain how diabetes and other factors contribute to anxiety and depression as well as finding out whether diabetes is a significant cause of anxiety and depression. It will also assess and investigate the impact of diabetes on the incidence of anxiety and depression. The project is mainly focused on secondary data analysis and comparison as well as case studies. Overall, the main factors which will lead to mental disorders such as anxiety and depression are genetic factors and environmental factors, but diabetes and the use of psychoactive drugs can also increase the risk of developing mental disorders to some extent.
Keywords
having diabetes, anxiety, depression
[1]. Al Hayek, A. A., Robert, A. A., Braham, R. B., Issa, B. A., & Al Sabaan, F. S. (2015). Predictive risk factors for fear of hypoglycemia and anxiety-related emotional disorders among adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Medical Principles and Practice, 24(3), 222–230.
[2]. Andersen, A. R., Christiansen, J. S., Sandahl, K., Andersen, J. K., Kreiner, S., & Deckert, T. (1983). Diabetic nephropathy in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes: An epidemiological study. Diabetologia, 25(6).
[3]. Arroyo, M. N., Green, J. A., Cnop, M., & Igoillo-Esteve, M. (2021). tRNA biology in the pathogenesis of diabetes: Role of genetic and environmental factors. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(2), 496.
[4]. Baidu.com. (2022). The prevalence of mental illness worldwide. Retrieved from https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1751599544279428002&wfr=spider&for=pc [Accessed September 19, 2023]
[5]. Barroso, I. (2005). Genetics of type 2 diabetes. Diabetic Medicine, 22(5), 517–535.
[6]. Bartels, S. J., Coakley, E. H., Zubritsky, C., Ware, J. H., Miles, K. M., Areán, P. A., Chen, H., Oslin, D. W., Llorente, M. D., Costantino, G., Quijano, L., McIntyre, J. S., Linkins, K. W., Oxman, T. E., Maxwell, J., & Levkoff, S. E. (2004). Improving access to geriatric mental health services: A randomized trial comparing treatment engagement with integrated versus enhanced referral care for depression, anxiety, and at-risk alcohol use. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(8), 1455–1462.
[7]. Breslau, N. (1995). Psychiatric comorbidity of smoking and nicotine dependence. Behavior Genetics, 25(2), 95–101.
[8]. Brink, S. J. (2001). Complications of pediatric and adolescent type 1 diabetes mellitus. Current Diabetes Reports, 1(1), 47–55.
[9]. Candib, L. M. (2007). Obesity and diabetes in vulnerable populations: Reflection on proximal and distal causes. The Annals of Family Medicine, 5(6), 547–556.
[10]. Ceretta, L. B., Réus, G. Z., Abelaira, H. M., Jornada, L. K., Schwalm, M. T., Hoepers, N. J., Tomazzi, C. D., Gulbis, K. G., Ceretta, R. A., & Quevedo, J. (2012). Increased prevalence of mood disorders and suicidal ideation in type 2 diabetic patients. Acta Diabetologica, 49(S1), 227–234.
[11]. Chang, W. (2017). What is anxiety. Retrieved from https://m.baidu.com/bh/m/detail/ar_9238341498181159361 [Accessed August 1, 2023]
[12]. Cornelis, M. C., Zaitlen, N., Hu, F. B., Kraft, P., & Price, A. L. (2014). Genetic and environmental components of family history in type 2 diabetes. Human Genetics, 134(2), 259–267.
[13]. Crowe, R. R. (1983). A family study of panic disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 40(10), 1065.
[14]. Danowski, T. S. (1971). Non-ketotic coma and diabetes mellitus. Diabetes, 20(4), 913–918.
[15]. Deischinger, C., Dervic, E., Leutner, M., Kosi-Trebotic, L., Klimek, P., Kautzky, A., & Kautzky-Willer, A. (2020). Diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher risk for major depressive disorder in women than in men. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, 8(1), e001430.
[16]. Dong, Y., Gao, W., Nan, H., Yu, H., Li, F., Duan, W., Wang, Y., Sun, B., Qian, R., Tuomilehto, J., & Qiao, Q. (2005). Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in urban and rural Chinese populations in Qingdao, China. Diabetic Medicine, 22(10), 1427–1433.
[17]. Elif Çalışkan, Şahin, M. N., & Güldağ, M. A. (2021). Oxytocin and oxytocin receptor gene regulation in Williams syndrome: A systematic review. PubMed, 94(4), 623–635.
[18]. Firth, J., Marx, W., Dash, S., Carney, R., Teasdale, S. B., Solmi, M., Stubbs, B., Schuch, F. B., Carvalho, A. F., Jacka, F., & Sarris, J. (2019). The effects of dietary improvement on symptoms of depression and anxiety. Psychosomatic Medicine, 81(3), 265–280.
[19]. Forouhi, N. G., & Wareham, N. J. (2018). Epidemiology of diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 47(1), 22–27.
[20]. Fowler, M. J. (2011). Microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. Clinical Diabetes, 29(3), 116–122.
[21]. Franz, M., Angold, A., Copeland, W., Costello, E. J., Towe-Goodman, N., & Egger, H. (2013). Preschool anxiety disorders in pediatric primary care: Prevalence and comorbidity. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(12), 1294–1303.e1.
[22]. UCSF.edu. (2018). Prevalence of mental illness in men. Retrieved from https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2018/06/410741/diabetes-added-high-risks-people-severe-mental-illness [Accessed September 10, 2023]
[23]. Statista. (2023). Prevalence of mental illness in men with diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/673184/any-mental-illness-past-year-us-men/ [Accessed September 10, 2023]
[24]. SAMHSA. (2023). Prevalence of mental illness caused by abuse of substances. Retrieved from https://www.samhsa.gov/mental-health/mental-health-substance-use-co-occurring-disorders [Accessed September 10, 2023]
[25]. SAMHSA. (2023). Prevalence of mental illness. Retrieved from https://www.samhsa.gov/mental-health/mental-health-substance-use-co-occurring-disorders [Accessed September 11, 2023]
[26]. Greenberg, J. A., Axen, K. V., Schnoll, R., & Boozer, C. N. (2005). Coffee, tea and diabetes: The role of weight loss and caffeine. International Journal of Obesity, 29(9), 1121–1129.
[27]. Harrison, T. A., Hindorff, L. A., Kim, H., Wines, R. C. M., Bowen, D. J., McGrath, B. B., & Edwards, K. L. (2003). Family history of diabetes as a potential public health tool. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 24(2), 152–159.
[28]. Hayes, J., & Koo, J. (2010). Psoriasis: Depression, anxiety, smoking, and drinking habits. Dermatologic Therapy, 23(2), 174–180.
[29]. Hettema, J. M., Neale, M. C., & Kendler, K. S. (2001). A review and meta-analysis of the genetic epidemiology of anxiety disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(10), 1568–1578.
[30]. Hettema, J. M. (2008). What is the genetic relationship between anxiety and depression? American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics, 148C(2), 140–146.
[31]. Holmes, A., Murphy, D. L., & Crawley, J. N. (2003). Abnormal behavioral phenotypes of serotonin transporter knockout mice: Parallels with human anxiety and depression. Biological Psychiatry, 54(10), 953–959.
[32]. Horn, G. T., Bugawan, T. L., Long, C. M., & Erlich, H. A. (1988). Allelic sequence variation of the HLA-DQ loci: Relationship to serology and to insulin-dependent diabetes susceptibility. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 85(7), 2215–2219.
[33]. Huang, H., & Li, J. (2016). Exploring the relationship between type 2 diabetes and depression. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2016, 1–11.
[34]. Jansen, P. R., Wray, N. R., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2016). Evidence of causality in associations between depression, anxiety, and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 39(10), 1948–1951.
[35]. Katon, W., & Ciechanowski, P. (2002). Impact of depression on the course of type 2 diabetes and the role of diabetes-related distress. Current Diabetes Reports, 2(4), 330–336.
[36]. Koh, K. (2018). Diabetic retinopathy and mental health in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, 42(4), 314–321.
[37]. Kong, X. X., & Zhao, Y. (2020). The effects of genetic variation on diabetes and obesity-related traits. Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 112(6), 3238–3248.
[38]. La Haye, S., Patel, N., & Hernandez, J. (2017). Type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression: Exploring the complex relationship. International Journal of Diabetes Research, 8(3), 185–192.
[39]. Lakhan, S. E., & Kirchgessner, A. (2013). The role of the gut microbiome in obesity and metabolic disorders. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 47(4), 334–339.
[40]. Lee, C. H., & Byun, J. W. (2020). Depression and anxiety disorders among type 2 diabetes patients: A nationwide study. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2020, 1–10.
[41]. Liu, X., Li, Y., & Jiang, H. (2022). The impact of anxiety and depression on glycemic control in diabetes patients. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 22(1), 1–10.
[42]. Li, T., Wu, X., & Lin, H. (2021). The correlation between type 2 diabetes and depression: A meta-analysis. Endocrine Reviews, 42(3), 407–420.
[43]. Li, L., Zhang, J., & Zhang, Y. (2023). The prevalence and treatment of depression in diabetic patients: A meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 84(2), e324–e331.
[44]. Liu, H., & Yang, Q. (2019). Mental health and type 2 diabetes: The role of dietary patterns. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 150, 70–77.
[45]. Morgan, J., & Lewis, G. (2012). Depression and diabetes: A complex relationship. Diabetic Medicine, 29(6), 792–802.
[46]. Meloni, A., & Marrocco, T. (2015). Anxiety and depression in type 1 diabetes: The role of social support. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 108(3), 281–288.
[47]. Nouwen, A., & Winkley, K. (2010). Diabetes and depression: A systematic review. Diabetologia, 53(5), 956–962.
[48]. Shi, Y., Yang, S., & Wang, Z. (2020). Impact of anxiety and depression on glycemic control and complications in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2020, 1–10.
[49]. Sun, K., Wang, L., & Zhang, Y. (2018). The impact of diabetes on mental health: A comprehensive review. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 287.
[50]. Wang, J., & Li, X. (2023). Type 2 diabetes and depression: The role of inflammation. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2023, 1–8.
[51]. Wu, Z., Zhao, J., & Liu, Y. (2023). Relationship between diabetes and mental health: A review. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2023, 1–10.
[52]. Xie, X., Yang, H., & Zhang, L. (2022). The relationship between diabetes and anxiety disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 184, 109295.
[53]. Xu, X., Zhang, L., & Liu, J. (2020). The relationship between diabetes and mood disorders: A meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277, 416–426.
[54]. Yang, Y., Zhou, X., & Li, F. (2021). The impact of depression on type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Diabetes Research, 2021, 1–8.
[55]. Zhang, L., & Wang, Q. (2019). Depression and type 2 diabetes: Exploring the bidirectional relationship. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 148, 80–90.
[56]. Zheng, X., Liu, Y., & Zhang, H. (2020). Relationship between type 2 diabetes and depression: A meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 1–10.
Cite this article
Tian,J. (2024). To what extent does having diabetes influence individuals suffering from anxiety and depression?. Journal of Food Science, Nutrition and Health,2,13-22.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
Disclaimer/Publisher's Note
The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
About volume
Journal:Journal of Food Science, Nutrition and Health
© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who
publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this
series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published
version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial
publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and
during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See
Open access policy for details).