Nanopore sequencing technology, an advanced third-generation sequencing technology, is a revolutionary sequencing method widely used in clinical diagnosis and genomic research because of its features such as real-time sequencing, direct sequencing, long read length and portability. This paper outlines the basic principles and advantages of the technology, and briefly introduces its applications in clinical medicine such as diagnosis of diseases rare and genetic diseases, detection of infectious disease pathogens, public health emergency response, and cancer genomics screening. In genomics, nanopore sequencing is instrumental in genome assembly, structural variation detection, recovery of DNA from ancient organisms, and microbiological research. It enables direct sequencing and analysis of molecules, allowing for the identification of complex structural variations within the genome. This study finds that the technology also suffers from low accuracy, high cost associated with large data volumes, and significant requirements for data processing capabilities. These limitations can potentially be addressed through innovations such as improved nanopore materials and design, and integration with artificial intelligence. Finally, the latest innovations of the technology are analyzed, and the development trend and application prospects are outlooked.

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Prodrugs has been established as a strategy to improve the medical properties of their parent drugs, and thereby enhance the possibility of these potential drugs to cure the disease but this modified drugs should be cautious as their properties like issue distribution, efficacy and toxicity may change. In the current developed modifying strategies, esterification is among the most common ones, which masks charged hydrophilic groups with ester promoieties so that permeation ability of drugs through the membrane will enhance. Among various esters, phosphorus-containing ester prodrugs are attractive due to close relationship between atom phosphorus and key bioactive compounds including DNA or RNA, phospholipid, proteins. Herein, we will review the developments of these prodrugs, especially phosphate and phosphonate prodrugs, their synthetic methods, pros and cons, application and methods for characterization, with which specific examples or clinical trials will be attached for clearer description Ultimately, we prospect that the phosphorus-containing prodrugs will for certain be further studied and improved and be an indispensable role in medical cares.

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Microencapsulation technology is an emerging encapsulation method with significant applications in various fields, including pharmaceuticals and food products. This article reviews the preparation materials, principles of preparation processes, and the advantages and disadvantages of microencapsulation. It also analyzes the application of microencapsulation technology in improving drug stability and in pharmaceutical formulations, providing a theoretical basis for selecting microencapsulation processes and offering references for research and development in drug formulation using microencapsulation technology.

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Breast cancer is one of the common nasty tumors that seriously endanger women's health problems. Its incidence and mortality rate rank first among female malignant tumors in the world. At the same time, the prevalence and mortality rate of women in China remain high, and it shows a trend of younger age. With the acceleration of social rhythm, irregular diet, increasing pressure and other reasons, the incidence of breast cancer in women is increasing year by year. Currently, the treatment of breast cancer usually includes surgery, chemoradiotherapy, endocrine therapy, targeted drugs, etc. Although these combined therapies are effective in reducing the mortality rate of breast cancer, the side effects on the patients’ body are still large. Most of the previous studies focused on the perspective of western medicine, but this paper analyzed the theory, cognition and the therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine on breast cancer from the perspective of Chinese medicine. The results of this study show that traditional Chinese medicine treatment of breast cancer and prognosis have good performance, especially in alleviating complications and alleviating the side effects of chemoradiation.

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