Analysis of the trimming methods in olympics diving competitions

Research Article
Open access

Analysis of the trimming methods in olympics diving competitions

Honglei Gu 1* , Yicheng Zhou 2 , Junran Jia 3 , Yuanji Gao 4
  • 1 The experimental high school attached to Beijing Normal University    
  • 2 New York University    
  • 3 University of Michigan    
  • 4 The Chinese University of Hong Kong    
  • *corresponding author raymondguhonglei@163.com
Published on 14 June 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/6/20230492
ACE Vol.6
ISSN (Print): 2755-273X
ISSN (Online): 2755-2721
ISBN (Print): 978-1-915371-59-1
ISBN (Online): 978-1-915371-60-7

Abstract

The Olympics is the most well-known sports event in the world. With the aim to ensure fairness, the Olympics has some of the strictest scoring methods in the world. However, unlike track and field where the timing and length can be precisely measured, diving has a more subjective judging procedure. Each judge gives their scores based on their own evaluation of the specific dive. Under such scoring methods, it is reasonable to suspect that the scores are influenced by the judges’ personal bias. For example, judges may favor their own countrymen or score the competitors lower. In order to reduce the negative effects of such bias, different scoring systems are used in diving in multiple Olympics. Using Sydney 2000 Summer Olympics' and Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics' data sets, we investigate the phenomenon of nationalistic judging bias and compare different scoring methods' abilities in handling bias. Using three different tests, we discovered that the Mean method is the worst in resisting judging bias. The other three trimming methods were found to withstand the effect of bias successfully in different circumstances, and none of them stands up against judging bias well at all times. Further research with more abundant data is needed before we could obtain a solid conclusion about the most effective scoring system to be used in diving competitions.

Keywords:

judgement in sports, scoring, judging bias, diving, competition

Gu,H.;Zhou,Y.;Jia,J.;Gao,Y. (2023). Analysis of the trimming methods in olympics diving competitions. Applied and Computational Engineering,6,1700-1723.
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References

[1]. En.wikipedia.org. (2022). Sportsmanship - Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportsmanship.

[2]. Kramer RSS. (2017) Sequentialeffects in Olympic synchronized diving scores. R.Soc.opensci. 4: 160812.http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160812

[3]. Campbell, B., & Galbraith, J. W. (1996). Nonparametric Tests of the Unbiasedness of Olympic Figure-Skating Judgments. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series D (The Statistician), 45(4), 521–526. https://doi.org/10.2307/2988550

[4]. Luedeker B, McGee M (2022) Relationship between judges’ scores and dive attributes from a video recording of a diving competition. PLoS ONE 17(8): e0273374. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273374

[5]. Clarey, C. (2002, May 1). 2 French officials suspended 3 years in skating scandal. The New York Times. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/01/sports/figure-skating-2-french-officials-suspended-3-years-in-skating-scandal.html

[6]. Heiniger, S. and Mercier, H. (2021). Judging the judges: evaluating the accuracy and national bias of international gymnastics judges. Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports, 17(4), pp.289-305.

[7]. John W. Emerson, Miki Seltzer & David Lin (2009) Assessing Judging Bias: An Example From the 2000 Olympic Games, The American Statistician, 63:2, 124-131, DOI: 10.1198/tast.2009.0026

[8]. Grannan, C. (2016, August 1). How Is Diving Scored? Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/story/how-is-diving-scored

[9]. John W. Emerson & Silas Meredith (2011) Nationalistic Judging Bias in the 2000 Olympic Diving Competition, Math Horizons, 18:3, 8-11, DOI: 10.4169/194762111X12954578042812

[10]. Ioc. (2022, July 7). Tokyo 2020 summer Olympics - athletes, medals & results. Olympics.com. Retrieved August 14, 2022, from https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/tokyo-2020

[11]. R Core Team (2022). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistica Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.

Cite this article

Gu,H.;Zhou,Y.;Jia,J.;Gao,Y. (2023). Analysis of the trimming methods in olympics diving competitions. Applied and Computational Engineering,6,1700-1723.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Signal Processing and Machine Learning

ISBN：978-1-915371-59-1(Print) / 978-1-915371-60-7(Online)
Editor：Omer Burak Istanbullu
Conference website: http://www.confspml.org
Conference date: 25 February 2023
Series: Applied and Computational Engineering
Volume number: Vol.6
ISSN：2755-2721(Print) / 2755-273X(Online)

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References

[1]. En.wikipedia.org. (2022). Sportsmanship - Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportsmanship.

[2]. Kramer RSS. (2017) Sequentialeffects in Olympic synchronized diving scores. R.Soc.opensci. 4: 160812.http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160812

[3]. Campbell, B., & Galbraith, J. W. (1996). Nonparametric Tests of the Unbiasedness of Olympic Figure-Skating Judgments. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series D (The Statistician), 45(4), 521–526. https://doi.org/10.2307/2988550

[4]. Luedeker B, McGee M (2022) Relationship between judges’ scores and dive attributes from a video recording of a diving competition. PLoS ONE 17(8): e0273374. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273374

[5]. Clarey, C. (2002, May 1). 2 French officials suspended 3 years in skating scandal. The New York Times. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/01/sports/figure-skating-2-french-officials-suspended-3-years-in-skating-scandal.html

[6]. Heiniger, S. and Mercier, H. (2021). Judging the judges: evaluating the accuracy and national bias of international gymnastics judges. Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports, 17(4), pp.289-305.

[7]. John W. Emerson, Miki Seltzer & David Lin (2009) Assessing Judging Bias: An Example From the 2000 Olympic Games, The American Statistician, 63:2, 124-131, DOI: 10.1198/tast.2009.0026

[8]. Grannan, C. (2016, August 1). How Is Diving Scored? Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/story/how-is-diving-scored

[9]. John W. Emerson & Silas Meredith (2011) Nationalistic Judging Bias in the 2000 Olympic Diving Competition, Math Horizons, 18:3, 8-11, DOI: 10.4169/194762111X12954578042812

[10]. Ioc. (2022, July 7). Tokyo 2020 summer Olympics - athletes, medals & results. Olympics.com. Retrieved August 14, 2022, from https://olympics.com/en/olympic-games/tokyo-2020

[11]. R Core Team (2022). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistica Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.

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