References
[1]. Comrie, B. (1976). Aspect. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[2]. Dahl, Ö. (1985). Tense and Aspect Systems. Oxford: Blackwell.
[3]. Saeed, J. (2009). Semantics (3rd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
[4]. Reichenbach, H. (1947). Elements of Symbolic Logic. New York: Macmillan.
[5]. Vendler, Z. (1967). Verbs and Times. In Linguistics in Philosophy, New York: Cornell University Press, 97-121.
[6]. Smith, C. S. (1991). The Parameter of Aspect. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
[7]. Comrie, B. (1985). Tense. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[8]. Bell, A. (1978). Language Samples. In J. H. Greenberg, C. A. Ferguson, and E. A. Moravcsik (eds), Universals of Human Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 123-56.
[9]. Dryer, M. (1992). The Greenbergian Word Order Correlations. In Language, 68, 81-138. https://www.jstor.org/stable/416370
[10]. Bickel, B. & Nichols, J. (2013). Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives. In Dryer, M. & Haspelmath, M. (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. https://wals.info/chapter/21
[11]. Noonan, M. (1992). A Grammar of Lango. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter
[12]. Chung, S. (2020). Chamorro Grammar. Santa Cruz: University of California. http://dx.doi.org/10.48330/E2159R
[13]. Boneh, N. (2013). Tense: Modern Hebrew. In Khan, G. (eds), Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics. Leiden: Brill. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2212-4241_ehll_EHLL_COM_00000135
[14]. Sneddon, J. N. (1996). Indonesian: A Comprehensive Grammar. London/New York: Routledge.
[15]. Koul, O. (2008). Modern Hindi Grammar. Springfield: Dunwoody Press.
[16]. Bhat, D.N.S. (1999). The Prominence of Tense, Aspect and Mood. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
[17]. Nichols, J. (2011). Ingush Grammar. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press.
[18]. Hopper, P. J. (1979). Aspect and foregrounding in discourse. In T. Givón (ed.), Discourse and Syntax, Vol. 12. New York: Academic Press, 213-241.
[19]. Peyronel, S. & Higgins, L. (2006). Basic Italian: A Grammar and Workbook. London & New York: Routledge.
[20]. Hutchinson, A. & Lloyd, J. (1996). Portuguese: An Essential Grammar. London & New York: Routledge.
[21]. Chirikba, A. (2003). Abkhaz Grammar. München: Lincom GmbH.
Cite this article
Wu,X.;Ma,H. (2023). A Typological Approach to Imperfect: Encoding Types and Semantic Features. Communications in Humanities Research,3,140-149.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
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References
[1]. Comrie, B. (1976). Aspect. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[2]. Dahl, Ö. (1985). Tense and Aspect Systems. Oxford: Blackwell.
[3]. Saeed, J. (2009). Semantics (3rd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
[4]. Reichenbach, H. (1947). Elements of Symbolic Logic. New York: Macmillan.
[5]. Vendler, Z. (1967). Verbs and Times. In Linguistics in Philosophy, New York: Cornell University Press, 97-121.
[6]. Smith, C. S. (1991). The Parameter of Aspect. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
[7]. Comrie, B. (1985). Tense. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[8]. Bell, A. (1978). Language Samples. In J. H. Greenberg, C. A. Ferguson, and E. A. Moravcsik (eds), Universals of Human Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 123-56.
[9]. Dryer, M. (1992). The Greenbergian Word Order Correlations. In Language, 68, 81-138. https://www.jstor.org/stable/416370
[10]. Bickel, B. & Nichols, J. (2013). Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives. In Dryer, M. & Haspelmath, M. (eds.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. https://wals.info/chapter/21
[11]. Noonan, M. (1992). A Grammar of Lango. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter
[12]. Chung, S. (2020). Chamorro Grammar. Santa Cruz: University of California. http://dx.doi.org/10.48330/E2159R
[13]. Boneh, N. (2013). Tense: Modern Hebrew. In Khan, G. (eds), Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics. Leiden: Brill. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2212-4241_ehll_EHLL_COM_00000135
[14]. Sneddon, J. N. (1996). Indonesian: A Comprehensive Grammar. London/New York: Routledge.
[15]. Koul, O. (2008). Modern Hindi Grammar. Springfield: Dunwoody Press.
[16]. Bhat, D.N.S. (1999). The Prominence of Tense, Aspect and Mood. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
[17]. Nichols, J. (2011). Ingush Grammar. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press.
[18]. Hopper, P. J. (1979). Aspect and foregrounding in discourse. In T. Givón (ed.), Discourse and Syntax, Vol. 12. New York: Academic Press, 213-241.
[19]. Peyronel, S. & Higgins, L. (2006). Basic Italian: A Grammar and Workbook. London & New York: Routledge.
[20]. Hutchinson, A. & Lloyd, J. (1996). Portuguese: An Essential Grammar. London & New York: Routledge.
[21]. Chirikba, A. (2003). Abkhaz Grammar. München: Lincom GmbH.