
Navigating Rights and Realities: Understanding Public Perceptions of Transgender Athletes in Women's Boxing at the 2024 Paris Olympics on Social Media
- 1 Nanjing Foregin Language School
- 2 Art & Humanities, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- 3 Broadcasting and Hosting, Linyi Vocational College, Linyi, China
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This article examines public opinion on social media regarding transgender athlete Imane Khelif’s participation in women’s boxing at the 2024 Paris Olympics. By synthesizing existing literature and empirical research, the study identifies key factors that influence public opinion, such as exposure to trans narratives and ideological orientation. The software MDCOR (Media Data Collection and Organization Research) and SENA (Sentiment and Network Analysis) were used to analyze the collected data, from the perspective of relevant words of comments, audience sentiment analysis, and big data word cloud. The analysis reveals a complex situation, with clear divisions in public sentiment regarding the different aspects of transgender participation in sport. In addition, the political leanings of the media also have an impact on public opinion. The research aims to inform policy discussions and frameworks that respect the rights of all individuals, while considering wider implications for fairness and justice in competitive sport.
Keywords
transgender rights, public opinion, social media, Media Data Collection and Organization Research, Sentiment and Network Analysis
[1]. Roath, F. (2016). An examination of the public’s perceptions towards transgender populations. CU Scholar. https://scholar.colorado.edu/concern/undergraduate_honors_theses/6m311p73q
[2]. Becker, A.B., & Todd, M.E. (2013). A New American Family? Public Opinion toward Family Status and Perceptions of the Challenges Faced by Children of Same-Sex Parents. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 9, 425 - 448.
[3]. Ocobock, C. (2021). Sex in Sport: Men Don’t Always Have the Advantage: Research shows that real differences exist in athletic capacities, on average, between men and women. But they cut both ways. https://www.sapiens.org/biology/female-male-athletes-differences/
[4]. Billard. (2023). Voices for transgender equality. Oxford University Press.
[5]. Flores, A. R. (2014). National trends in public opinion on LGBT rights in the United States. The Williams Institute. https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/POP-natl-trends-nov-2014.pdf
[6]. Flores, A. R. (2015). Attitudes toward transgender rights: Perceived knowledge and secondary interpersonal contact. Politics, Groups and Identities, 3(3), 398-416. https://doi.org/10.1080/21565503.2015.1050414\
[7]. Lewis, D.C., Flores, A.R., et al. (2017). Degrees of Acceptance: Variation in Public Attitudes toward Segments of the LGBT Community. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1065912917717352
[8]. Tebbe, E. N., & Moradi, B. (2012). Anti-transgender prejudice: A structural equation model of associated constructs. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 59(2), 251–261. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026990
[9]. Levitt, H. M., & Ippolito, M. R. (2014). Being transgender: Navigating minority stressors and developing authentic self-presentation. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 38(1), 46-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684313501644
[10]. Glick, J. L., Theall, K. P., Andrinopoulos, K., & Kendall, C. (2018). The role of discrimination in care postponement among transgender women of color in New Orleans. Transgender Health, 3(1), 181-186. https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2018.0024
[11]. Stryker, S. (2017). Transgender history: The roots of today's revolution. Seal Press.
[12]. McCarthy, M. (2024). Understanding Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Transgender People and Individuals with Gender Dysphoria: Exploring psychological factors and clinical implications. https://clinicalpsychologytoday.wordpress.com/2024/01/23/understanding-generalized-anxiety-disorder-in-transgender-people-and-individuals-with-gender-dysphoria-exploring-psychological-factors-and-clinical-implications/
[13]. Casey L.S., Reisner S.L., Findling M.G., et al. (2019). Discrimination in the United States: Experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer Americans. Health Serv Res. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.13229
[14]. Burns, N. & Gallagher, K. (2010). Public Opinion on Gender Issues: The politics of equity and roles. Annual Review of Political Science. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.12.040507.142213
[15]. Flores, A. R., Haider-Markel, D. P., Lewis, D. C., Miller, P. R., Tadlock, B. L., & Taylor, J. K. (2017). Challenged expectations: Mere exposure effects on attitudes about transgender people and rights. Political Psychology, 39(1), 197-216. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12402
[16]. Brockman, D. & Kalla, J. (2016). Durably reducing transphobia: A field experiment on door-to-door canvassing.
[17]. Anderson, C.A. and Bushman, B.J. (2018). Media Violence and the General Aggression Model. Journal of Social Issues, 74: 386-413. https://doi.org/10.1111/josi.12275
[18]. Jones, P. E., Brewer, P. R., et al. (2018). Explaining Public Opinion Toward Transgender People, Rights, and Candidates. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 82(2), 252–278. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26801788
[19]. Sumerau, J.E. & Mathers, L.A.B. (2019). America through transgender eyes. https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=zh-CN&lr=&id=xK6LDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR3&dq=Sumerau+and+Mathers+(2019)&ots=16854FKnTm&sig=8YthQTQ8TqTPIOpwLL9Y1M-cJuU&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Sumerau%20and%20Mathers%20(2019)&f=false
[20]. Tadlock, B.L., Flores, A.R., Haider-Markel, D.P., et al. (2017). Testing Contact Theory and Attitudes on Transgender Rights, Public Opinion Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfx021
[21]. Knoester, C., & Bjork, C. (2024). U.S. youth sports participation: analyzing the implications of generation, gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and family and community sport cultures. Leisure/Loisir, 1–47.
[22]. Bessi, A., Zollo, F., et al. (2016). Users Polarization on Facebook and YouTube. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0159641
[23]. Mao, H, Yuan, Z., et al. (2022). M-SENA: An Integrated Platform for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2203.12441
Cite this article
Shi,X.;Chen,Z.;Liu,Y. (2025). Navigating Rights and Realities: Understanding Public Perceptions of Transgender Athletes in Women's Boxing at the 2024 Paris Olympics on Social Media. Communications in Humanities Research,68,55-75.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
Disclaimer/Publisher's Note
The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
About volume
Volume title: Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Interdisciplinary Humanities and Communication Studies
© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who
publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this
series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published
version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial
publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and
during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See
Open access policy for details).