The Effects of Musical Arousal on Adolescence Long-term Memory

Research Article
Open access

The Effects of Musical Arousal on Adolescence Long-term Memory

Sitong Chen 1*
  • 1 Guangdong Experimental High School    
  • *corresponding author Cealandds@outlook.com
Published on 19 April 2024 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/45/20230248
LNEP Vol.45
ISSN (Print): 2753-7056
ISSN (Online): 2753-7048
ISBN (Print): 978-1-83558-359-3
ISBN (Online): 978-1-83558-360-9

Abstract

To examine the effects of different music genres on adolescents' long-term memory. Thirty participants were recruited to take part in the study. First, they were given a list of random letter combinations to memorize while listening to a soothing song or fast-paced rap music. After learning for five minutes, they were given some randomly generated arithmetic questions to complete within two minutes. Then, they did a recognition test on the previously memorized words. Results show that the memory-recalling abilities of the participants while listening to rap or soft music are significantly different. Most participants scored higher in tests with soft music than with rap music. The researcher conclude that it would be beneficial for students to do memorization tasks with relaxing background music because soft music could facilitate the process of information encoding and keep them motivated to study for longer, reducing their stress and anxiety. Students should avoid listening to music with a fast, rhythmic beat while memorizing since this type of music appears distractive. Future research could be conducted with a larger sample size.

Keywords:

Musical arousal, Long-term Memory, Adolescents

Chen,S. (2024). The Effects of Musical Arousal on Adolescence Long-term Memory. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,45,71-78.
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References

[1]. Miranda, D. (2013). The role of music in adolescent development: much more than the same old song. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 18(1), 5–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2011.650182

[2]. Boal-Palheiros, G. M., & Hargreaves, D. J. (2001). Listening to music at home and at school. British Journal of Music Education, 18(02). https://doi.org/10.1017/s0265051701000213

[3]. North, A. C., Hargreaves, D. J., & O’Neill, S. A. (2000). The importance of music to adolescents. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 70(2), 255–272. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709900158083

[4]. McCraty, R., Barrios-Choplin, B., Atkinson, M., & Tomasino, D. (1998). The effects of different types of music on mood, tension, and clarity. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 4(1), 75-84. https://europepmc.org/article/med/9439023

[5]. Labbé, E. E., Schmidt, N. P., Babin, J., & Pharr, M. (2007). Coping with Stress: The Effectiveness of Different Types of Music. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 32(3–4), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-007-9043-9

[6]. Jiang, J., Zhou, L., Rickson, D., & Jiang, C. (2013). The effects of sedative and stimulative music on stress reduction depend on music preference. Arts in Psychotherapy, 40(2), 201–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2013.02.002

[7]. Musliu, A., Berisha, B., Musaj, A., Latifi, D., & Peci, D. (2017). The impact of music in memory. European Journal of Social Science Education and Research, 4(4), 138-143. https://doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v10i2.p222-227

[8]. Hope, A. (2019, August 2). 7 Benefits Of Listening To Music While Studying. Music Gateway. https://www.musicgateway.com/blog/how-to/7-benefits-of-listening-to-music-while-studying

[9]. Nguyen, T., & Grahn, J. A. (2017). Mind your music: The effects of music-induced mood and arousal across different memory tasks. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind, and Brain, 27(2), 81–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/pmu0000178

[10]. Ferreri, L., Aucouturier, J., Muthalib, M., Bigand, E., & Bugaiska, A. (2013). Music improves verbal memory encoding while decreasing prefrontal cortex activity: an fNIRS study. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00779

[11]. Goltz, F., & Sadakata, M. (2021). Do you listen to music while studying? A portrait of how people use music to optimize their cognitive performance. Acta Psychologica, 220, 103417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103417

[12]. Handbook of Cognition and Emotion. (n.d.). Google Books. https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-CN&lr=&id=vsLvrhohXhAC&oi=fnd&pg=PA193&dq=effects+of+mood+on+memory+performance&ots=uUCMboX6Ie&sig=kclc09ESDmLGYvw5coPMlcyeDQ0#v=onepage&q&f=false

[13]. Grol, M., Koster, E.H.W., Bruyneel, L. & De Raedt, R. (2014). Effects of positive mood on attention broadening for self-related information. Psychological Research 78, 566–573. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-013-0508-6

[14]. Lee, A. Y., & Sternthal, B. (1999). The Effects of Positive Mood on Memory. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(2), 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1086/209554

[15]. Västfjäll, D. (2001). Emotion induction through music: A review of the musical mood induction procedure. Musicae Scientiae, 5(1_suppl), 173–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/10298649020050s107

[16]. Shuman, J., Kennedy, H., DeWitt, P. E., Edelblute, A., & Wamboldt, M. Z. (2016). Group music therapy impacts mood states of adolescents in a psychiatric hospital setting. Arts in Psychotherapy, 49, 50–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2016.05.014

[17]. Bittman, B., Bruhn, K. T., Stevens, C., Westengard, J., & Umbach, P. O. (2003). Recreational music-making: a cost-effective group interdisciplinary strategy for reducing burnout and improving mood states in long-term care workers. Feature article, 19(3/4), 4-15. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2003-10365-002

[18]. Bittman, B., Snyder, C., Bruhn, K. T., Liebfreid, F., Stevens, C., Westengard, J., & Umbach, P. O. (2004). Recreational Music-making: An Integrative Group Intervention for Reducing Burnout and Improving Mood States in First Year Associate Degree Nursing Students: Insights and Economic Impact. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.2202/1548-923x.1044

[19]. Biagini, M. S., Brown, L. E., Coburn, J. W., Judelson, D. A., Statler, T., Bottaro, M., Tran, T. T., & Longo, N. (2012). Effects of Self-Selected Music on Strength, Explosiveness, and Mood. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(7), 1934–1938. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318237e7b3

[20]. Raglio, A., Attardo, L., Gontero, G., Rollino, S., Groppo, E., & Granieri, E. (2015). Effects of music and music therapy on mood in neurological patients. World Journal of Psychiatry, 5(1), 68. https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v5.i1.68

[21]. Ahmad, Y., Zainon, F., Ghazali, Z., Man, N., Alipiah, F. M., & Mohamad Yunus, M. Y. (2017). The Influence Of Music On Memorization Performance Of Mathematics Students. Proceedings of The ICECRS, 1(2), picecrs.v1i2.1443. https://doi.org/10.21070/picecrs.v1i2.1443

Cite this article

Chen,S. (2024). The Effects of Musical Arousal on Adolescence Long-term Memory. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,45,71-78.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Global Politics and Socio-Humanities

ISBN：978-1-83558-359-3(Print) / 978-1-83558-360-9(Online)
Editor：Enrique Mallen, Javier Cifuentes-Faura
Conference website: https://www.icgpsh.org/
Conference date: 13 October 2023
Series: Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
Volume number: Vol.45
ISSN：2753-7048(Print) / 2753-7056(Online)

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References

[1]. Miranda, D. (2013). The role of music in adolescent development: much more than the same old song. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 18(1), 5–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2011.650182

[2]. Boal-Palheiros, G. M., & Hargreaves, D. J. (2001). Listening to music at home and at school. British Journal of Music Education, 18(02). https://doi.org/10.1017/s0265051701000213

[3]. North, A. C., Hargreaves, D. J., & O’Neill, S. A. (2000). The importance of music to adolescents. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 70(2), 255–272. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709900158083

[4]. McCraty, R., Barrios-Choplin, B., Atkinson, M., & Tomasino, D. (1998). The effects of different types of music on mood, tension, and clarity. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 4(1), 75-84. https://europepmc.org/article/med/9439023

[5]. Labbé, E. E., Schmidt, N. P., Babin, J., & Pharr, M. (2007). Coping with Stress: The Effectiveness of Different Types of Music. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 32(3–4), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-007-9043-9

[6]. Jiang, J., Zhou, L., Rickson, D., & Jiang, C. (2013). The effects of sedative and stimulative music on stress reduction depend on music preference. Arts in Psychotherapy, 40(2), 201–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2013.02.002

[7]. Musliu, A., Berisha, B., Musaj, A., Latifi, D., & Peci, D. (2017). The impact of music in memory. European Journal of Social Science Education and Research, 4(4), 138-143. https://doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v10i2.p222-227

[8]. Hope, A. (2019, August 2). 7 Benefits Of Listening To Music While Studying. Music Gateway. https://www.musicgateway.com/blog/how-to/7-benefits-of-listening-to-music-while-studying

[9]. Nguyen, T., & Grahn, J. A. (2017). Mind your music: The effects of music-induced mood and arousal across different memory tasks. Psychomusicology: Music, Mind, and Brain, 27(2), 81–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/pmu0000178

[10]. Ferreri, L., Aucouturier, J., Muthalib, M., Bigand, E., & Bugaiska, A. (2013). Music improves verbal memory encoding while decreasing prefrontal cortex activity: an fNIRS study. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00779

[11]. Goltz, F., & Sadakata, M. (2021). Do you listen to music while studying? A portrait of how people use music to optimize their cognitive performance. Acta Psychologica, 220, 103417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103417

[12]. Handbook of Cognition and Emotion. (n.d.). Google Books. https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-CN&lr=&id=vsLvrhohXhAC&oi=fnd&pg=PA193&dq=effects+of+mood+on+memory+performance&ots=uUCMboX6Ie&sig=kclc09ESDmLGYvw5coPMlcyeDQ0#v=onepage&q&f=false

[13]. Grol, M., Koster, E.H.W., Bruyneel, L. & De Raedt, R. (2014). Effects of positive mood on attention broadening for self-related information. Psychological Research 78, 566–573. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-013-0508-6

[14]. Lee, A. Y., & Sternthal, B. (1999). The Effects of Positive Mood on Memory. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(2), 115–127. https://doi.org/10.1086/209554

[15]. Västfjäll, D. (2001). Emotion induction through music: A review of the musical mood induction procedure. Musicae Scientiae, 5(1_suppl), 173–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/10298649020050s107

[16]. Shuman, J., Kennedy, H., DeWitt, P. E., Edelblute, A., & Wamboldt, M. Z. (2016). Group music therapy impacts mood states of adolescents in a psychiatric hospital setting. Arts in Psychotherapy, 49, 50–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2016.05.014

[17]. Bittman, B., Bruhn, K. T., Stevens, C., Westengard, J., & Umbach, P. O. (2003). Recreational music-making: a cost-effective group interdisciplinary strategy for reducing burnout and improving mood states in long-term care workers. Feature article, 19(3/4), 4-15. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2003-10365-002

[18]. Bittman, B., Snyder, C., Bruhn, K. T., Liebfreid, F., Stevens, C., Westengard, J., & Umbach, P. O. (2004). Recreational Music-making: An Integrative Group Intervention for Reducing Burnout and Improving Mood States in First Year Associate Degree Nursing Students: Insights and Economic Impact. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.2202/1548-923x.1044

[19]. Biagini, M. S., Brown, L. E., Coburn, J. W., Judelson, D. A., Statler, T., Bottaro, M., Tran, T. T., & Longo, N. (2012). Effects of Self-Selected Music on Strength, Explosiveness, and Mood. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(7), 1934–1938. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0b013e318237e7b3

[20]. Raglio, A., Attardo, L., Gontero, G., Rollino, S., Groppo, E., & Granieri, E. (2015). Effects of music and music therapy on mood in neurological patients. World Journal of Psychiatry, 5(1), 68. https://doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v5.i1.68

[21]. Ahmad, Y., Zainon, F., Ghazali, Z., Man, N., Alipiah, F. M., & Mohamad Yunus, M. Y. (2017). The Influence Of Music On Memorization Performance Of Mathematics Students. Proceedings of The ICECRS, 1(2), picecrs.v1i2.1443. https://doi.org/10.21070/picecrs.v1i2.1443

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