Comparative Study on the Impact of Education Preferential Policies for Minorities in U.S and China

Research Article
Open access

Comparative Study on the Impact of Education Preferential Policies for Minorities in U.S and China

Xueying Lu 1*
  • 1 Shanghai Weiyu High School, Shanghai, China    
  • *corresponding author 182162405@st.usst.edu.cn
LNEP Vol.7
ISSN (Print): 2753-7056
ISSN (Online): 2753-7048
ISBN (Print): 978-1-915371-39-3
ISBN (Online): 978-1-915371-40-9

Abstract

This paper reviews former studies on education preferential policies for minorities in the U.S. and China based on a comparative perspective. The study aims to provide possible suggestions for improvements in these policies in terms of increasing their impact on minority social groups and eliminating the disparity. It mainly focuses on Affirmative Action in the U.S. and the Marking Adding policy for minorities in China. By comparing similar policies’ effects in different countries, this study shows the difference between their effect on education levels, economic conditions, and the long-term development of minorities. The possible causes include economic disparity, implicit discrimination, and lack of flexible curriculums. To improve the outcome of these education preferential policies, measures such as increasing the policy’s focus on economic disparity, introducing regulations to prevent discrimination, and providing a more de-centered curriculum should be taken. Although the two policies have been discussed repeatedly in different studies, not many studies have applied the comparative approach to investigate the similarities and differences of the impact of these policies. This paper fills in the gap by comprehensively comparing these policies and suggesting possible improvements.

Keywords:

Education preferential policy, Affirmative Action, Minor Ethnicity, Racial inequality

Lu,X. (2023). Comparative Study on the Impact of Education Preferential Policies for Minorities in U.S and China. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,7,91-96.
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References

[1]. Awan, M. S., Malik, N., Sarwar, H., & Waqas, M. (2011). Impact of education on poverty reduction.

[2]. Allen, W. R., & Farley, R. (1986). The shifting social and economic tides of Black America, 1950-1980. Annual Review of Sociology, 277-306.

[3]. Marwell, N. (2009). Wage disparities and industry segregation: a look at Black-White income inequality from 1950-2000. Profitwise News and Views.

[4]. MacLaury, J. (2010). President Kennedy's EO 10925: Seedbed of Affirmative Action. Fed. Hist, 2, 42.

[5]. Bollinger, L. C. (2003). A comment on Grutter and Gratz v. Bollinger. Columbia Law Review, 103(6), 1588-1595.

[6]. Chen, L. P. (1999). The minority education in China in the past 50 years. Religious Studies. (In Chinese)

[7]. Chapman, D. W., Chen, X., & Postiglione, G. A. (2000). Is preservice teacher training worth the money? A study of teachers in ethnic minority regions of the People's Republic of China. Comparative Education Review, 44(3), 300-328.

[8]. Sun, B. (2015). The Influence of Ethnic Minority Demographics on Provincial Preferential Policy Making in the Chinese College Admission System.

[9]. McDaniel, A., DiPrete, T. A., Buchmann, C., & Shwed, U. (2011). The black gender gap in educational attainment: Historical trends and racial comparisons. Demography, 48(3), 889-914.

[10]. Epple, D., Romano, R., & Sieg, H. (2008). Diversity and affirmative action in higher education. Journal of Public Economic Theory, 10(4), 475-501.

[11]. Card, D., & Krueger, A. B. (2005). Would the elimination of affirmative action affect highly qualified minority applicants? Evidence from California and Texas. ILR Review, 58(3), 416-434.

[12]. Sowell, T. (1974). The plight of black students in the United States. Daedalus, 179-196

[13]. Elliott, R., Strenta, A. C., Adair, R., Matier, M., & Scott, J. (1996). The role of ethnicity in choosing and leaving science in highly selective institutions. Research in Higher Education, 37(6), 681-709.

[14]. Massey, D. S., & Mooney, M. (2007). The effects of America's three affirmative action programs on academic performance. Social Problems, 54(1), 99-117.

[15]. Campos, B. C., Ren, Y., & Petrick, M. (2016). The impact of education on income inequality between ethnic minorities and Han in China. China economic review, 41, 253-267.

[16]. Bass, C. (1998). Education in Tibet: Policy and practice since 1950. Zed books.

[17]. Hansen, M. H. (1999). Lessons in being Chinese: Minority education and ethnic identity in Southwest China. Hong Kong University Press.

[18]. Yang, R., & Wu, M. (2009). Education for ethnic minorities in China: A policy critique. SA-eDUC Journal, 6(2), 117-131.

[19]. Dixon-Román, E. J., Everson, H. T., & McArdle, J. J. (2013). Race, poverty and SAT scores: Modeling the influences of family income on black and white high school students’ SAT performance. Teachers College Record, 115(4), 1-3.

[20]. Lang, K., & Lehmann, J. Y. K. (2012). Racial discrimination in the labor market: Theory and empirics. Journal of Economic Literature, 50(4), 959-1006.

[21]. Gustafsson, B., & Sai, D. (2014). Why is there no income gap between the Hui Muslim minority and the Han majority in rural Ningxia, China?. The China Quarterly, 220, 968-987

[22]. Ding, S., Myers, S. L., & Price, G. N. (2017). Does affirmative action in Chinese college admissions lead to mismatch? Educational quality and the relative returns to a baccalaureate degree for minorities in China. International journal of anthropology and ethnology, 1(1), 1-13.


Cite this article

Lu,X. (2023). Comparative Study on the Impact of Education Preferential Policies for Minorities in U.S and China. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,7,91-96.

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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Interdisciplinary Humanities and Communication Studies (ICIHCS 2022), Part 6

ISBN:978-1-915371-39-3(Print) / 978-1-915371-40-9(Online)
Editor:Muhammad Idrees, Matilde Lafuente-Lechuga
Conference website: https://www.icihcs.org/
Conference date: 18 December 2022
Series: Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
Volume number: Vol.7
ISSN:2753-7048(Print) / 2753-7056(Online)

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References

[1]. Awan, M. S., Malik, N., Sarwar, H., & Waqas, M. (2011). Impact of education on poverty reduction.

[2]. Allen, W. R., & Farley, R. (1986). The shifting social and economic tides of Black America, 1950-1980. Annual Review of Sociology, 277-306.

[3]. Marwell, N. (2009). Wage disparities and industry segregation: a look at Black-White income inequality from 1950-2000. Profitwise News and Views.

[4]. MacLaury, J. (2010). President Kennedy's EO 10925: Seedbed of Affirmative Action. Fed. Hist, 2, 42.

[5]. Bollinger, L. C. (2003). A comment on Grutter and Gratz v. Bollinger. Columbia Law Review, 103(6), 1588-1595.

[6]. Chen, L. P. (1999). The minority education in China in the past 50 years. Religious Studies. (In Chinese)

[7]. Chapman, D. W., Chen, X., & Postiglione, G. A. (2000). Is preservice teacher training worth the money? A study of teachers in ethnic minority regions of the People's Republic of China. Comparative Education Review, 44(3), 300-328.

[8]. Sun, B. (2015). The Influence of Ethnic Minority Demographics on Provincial Preferential Policy Making in the Chinese College Admission System.

[9]. McDaniel, A., DiPrete, T. A., Buchmann, C., & Shwed, U. (2011). The black gender gap in educational attainment: Historical trends and racial comparisons. Demography, 48(3), 889-914.

[10]. Epple, D., Romano, R., & Sieg, H. (2008). Diversity and affirmative action in higher education. Journal of Public Economic Theory, 10(4), 475-501.

[11]. Card, D., & Krueger, A. B. (2005). Would the elimination of affirmative action affect highly qualified minority applicants? Evidence from California and Texas. ILR Review, 58(3), 416-434.

[12]. Sowell, T. (1974). The plight of black students in the United States. Daedalus, 179-196

[13]. Elliott, R., Strenta, A. C., Adair, R., Matier, M., & Scott, J. (1996). The role of ethnicity in choosing and leaving science in highly selective institutions. Research in Higher Education, 37(6), 681-709.

[14]. Massey, D. S., & Mooney, M. (2007). The effects of America's three affirmative action programs on academic performance. Social Problems, 54(1), 99-117.

[15]. Campos, B. C., Ren, Y., & Petrick, M. (2016). The impact of education on income inequality between ethnic minorities and Han in China. China economic review, 41, 253-267.

[16]. Bass, C. (1998). Education in Tibet: Policy and practice since 1950. Zed books.

[17]. Hansen, M. H. (1999). Lessons in being Chinese: Minority education and ethnic identity in Southwest China. Hong Kong University Press.

[18]. Yang, R., & Wu, M. (2009). Education for ethnic minorities in China: A policy critique. SA-eDUC Journal, 6(2), 117-131.

[19]. Dixon-Román, E. J., Everson, H. T., & McArdle, J. J. (2013). Race, poverty and SAT scores: Modeling the influences of family income on black and white high school students’ SAT performance. Teachers College Record, 115(4), 1-3.

[20]. Lang, K., & Lehmann, J. Y. K. (2012). Racial discrimination in the labor market: Theory and empirics. Journal of Economic Literature, 50(4), 959-1006.

[21]. Gustafsson, B., & Sai, D. (2014). Why is there no income gap between the Hui Muslim minority and the Han majority in rural Ningxia, China?. The China Quarterly, 220, 968-987

[22]. Ding, S., Myers, S. L., & Price, G. N. (2017). Does affirmative action in Chinese college admissions lead to mismatch? Educational quality and the relative returns to a baccalaureate degree for minorities in China. International journal of anthropology and ethnology, 1(1), 1-13.