Assessment and Treatments of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Research Article
Open access

Assessment and Treatments of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

Yue Pan 1*
  • 1 Beijing Internationa1School, Beijing,100073,China    
  • *corresponding author 992795610@qq.com
LNEP Vol.7
ISSN (Print): 2753-7056
ISSN (Online): 2753-7048
ISBN (Print): 978-1-915371-39-3
ISBN (Online): 978-1-915371-40-9

Abstract

Psychiatrists and psychologists rely on the classification systems for mental disorders, just like a systematic classification of physical illnesses. This article focuses on one of the mental disorders that haunt many people around the world and psychiatrists: schizophrenia. Three explanations of schizophrenia will be discussed: the genetic explanation, biochemical explanation and cognitive explanation. The genetic explanation believes schizophrenia can be inherited; the biochemical explanation indicates that the brains of schizophrenia patients produce more dopamine; the cognitive explanation declares that wrong thinking processes cause mental disorders. Furthermore, this article also provides the according treatments using different measures: biochemical (psychotics and atypical psychotics), electro-convulsive therapy, token economy and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Finally, this article evaluates the involved treatment measures including their respective limitation, and points out the future research direction----find a comprehensive approach that combines the advantages of the available treatments and eliminate limitations of the existing treatments.

Keywords:

delusional disorder, schizophrenia, treatment measures

Pan,Y. (2023). Assessment and Treatments of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,7,501-506.
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References

[1]. McCutcheon, R.A., Marques, T.R. and Howes, O.D., 2020. Schizophrenia—an overview. JAMA Psychiatry, 77(2), pp.201-210.

[2]. Van Os, J., Kenis, G. and Rutten, B.P., 2010. The environment and schizophrenia. Nature, 468(7321), pp.203-212.

[3]. Andreasen, N.C., Nopoulos, P., Schultz, S., Miller, D., Gupta, S., Swayze, V. and Flaum, M., 1994. Positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia: past, present, and future. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 90, pp.51-59.

[4]. Gottesman, I.I. and Shields, J., 1972. Schizophrenia and genetics. A twin study vantage point. In ACAD. PRESS, NEW YORK, NY.

[5]. Lindström, L.H., Gefvert, O., Hagberg, G., Lundberg, T., Bergström, M., Hartvig, P. and Långström, B., 1999. Increased dopamine synthesis rate in medial prefrontal cortex and striatum in schizophrenia indicated by L-(β-11C) DOPA and PET. Biological Psychiatry, 46(5), pp.681-688.

[6]. Nestler, E.J. and Aghajanian, G.K., 1997. Molecular and cellular basis of addiction. Science, 278(5335), pp.58-63.

[7]. Frith, U. and Mira, M., 1992. Autism and Asperger syndrome. Focus on Autistic Behavior, 7(3), pp.13-15.

[8]. Abrams, R., 2002. Electroconvulsive Therapy. Oxford University Press.

[9]. Tharyan, P. and Adams, C.E., 2005. Electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (2).

[10]. Kazdin, A.E. and Bootzin, R.R., 1972. The token economy: An evaluative review 1. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 5(3), pp.343-372.

[11]. Hofmann, S.G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I.J., Sawyer, A.T. and Fang, A., 2012. The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(5), pp.427-440.

[12]. Leucht, S., Kane, J.M., Kissling, W., Hamann, J., Etschel, E.V.A. and Engel, R., 2005. Clinical implications of brief psychiatric rating scale scores. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 187(4), pp.366-371.

[13]. Sensky, T., Turkington, D., Kingdon, D., Scott, J.L., Scott, J., Siddle, R., O'Carroll, M. and Barnes, T.R., 2000. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy for persistent symptoms in schizophrenia resistant to medication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57(2), pp.165-172.

Cite this article

Pan,Y. (2023). Assessment and Treatments of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,7,501-506.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Interdisciplinary Humanities and Communication Studies (ICIHCS 2022), Part 6

ISBN：978-1-915371-39-3(Print) / 978-1-915371-40-9(Online)
Editor：Muhammad Idrees, Matilde Lafuente-Lechuga
Conference website: https://www.icihcs.org/
Conference date: 18 December 2022
Series: Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
Volume number: Vol.7
ISSN：2753-7048(Print) / 2753-7056(Online)

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References

[1]. McCutcheon, R.A., Marques, T.R. and Howes, O.D., 2020. Schizophrenia—an overview. JAMA Psychiatry, 77(2), pp.201-210.

[2]. Van Os, J., Kenis, G. and Rutten, B.P., 2010. The environment and schizophrenia. Nature, 468(7321), pp.203-212.

[3]. Andreasen, N.C., Nopoulos, P., Schultz, S., Miller, D., Gupta, S., Swayze, V. and Flaum, M., 1994. Positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia: past, present, and future. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 90, pp.51-59.

[4]. Gottesman, I.I. and Shields, J., 1972. Schizophrenia and genetics. A twin study vantage point. In ACAD. PRESS, NEW YORK, NY.

[5]. Lindström, L.H., Gefvert, O., Hagberg, G., Lundberg, T., Bergström, M., Hartvig, P. and Långström, B., 1999. Increased dopamine synthesis rate in medial prefrontal cortex and striatum in schizophrenia indicated by L-(β-11C) DOPA and PET. Biological Psychiatry, 46(5), pp.681-688.

[6]. Nestler, E.J. and Aghajanian, G.K., 1997. Molecular and cellular basis of addiction. Science, 278(5335), pp.58-63.

[7]. Frith, U. and Mira, M., 1992. Autism and Asperger syndrome. Focus on Autistic Behavior, 7(3), pp.13-15.

[8]. Abrams, R., 2002. Electroconvulsive Therapy. Oxford University Press.

[9]. Tharyan, P. and Adams, C.E., 2005. Electroconvulsive therapy for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (2).

[10]. Kazdin, A.E. and Bootzin, R.R., 1972. The token economy: An evaluative review 1. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 5(3), pp.343-372.

[11]. Hofmann, S.G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I.J., Sawyer, A.T. and Fang, A., 2012. The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(5), pp.427-440.

[12]. Leucht, S., Kane, J.M., Kissling, W., Hamann, J., Etschel, E.V.A. and Engel, R., 2005. Clinical implications of brief psychiatric rating scale scores. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 187(4), pp.366-371.

[13]. Sensky, T., Turkington, D., Kingdon, D., Scott, J.L., Scott, J., Siddle, R., O'Carroll, M. and Barnes, T.R., 2000. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy for persistent symptoms in schizophrenia resistant to medication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57(2), pp.165-172.

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