1. Introduction

With the development of education, special education, like general education, has been included in the track of universal nine-year compulsory education. Along with the development, there are still many problems. This paper wants to deeply explore the essential meaning of special education, the problems faced and the better education methods for special students. Special education refers to the use of special educational methods, equipment and measures to educate special objects. Special education is for people with physical and mental disabilities, such as the education of blind, deaf, mentally handicapped children and children with problems, and supports such education in terms of economic investment, scientific research, teachers and equipment [1]. There were examples of caring for and treating disabled people during the ancient Greek and Roman times, but early societies generally shunned those who differed from the norm. During the Middle Ages, the Church became the first institution to offer assistance to the physically or mentally handicapped, but it was only during the Renaissance that technological developments related to special education, with its emphasis on human dignity [2]. In today's society, with the attention of the government and the attention of the society, the popularization of special education is more and more widespread. But there are still many problems in the field of special education. In most countries, there are still few majors related to special education, and most students who study special education are faced with employment difficulties, which leads to a shortage of special education professionals.

2. The meaning of special education

The meaning of special education is the education designed to meet the special learning needs of special children. The goal of special education is to help special education children gradually adapt to the least restrictive environment, so that they can participate in ordinary school learning activities with normal children to achieve the goal of adapting to normal life. Its philosophy is equality, inclusion, personalization and collaboration. It aims to provide personalized educational services for students with special educational needs, integrate into the general educational environment, and promote their all-round development. At the same time, special education emphasizes cooperation and coordination among the school, family, and community. At the same time, special education is also an important part of promoting educational equity and realizing educational modernization. The significance of the special education system also lies in that it gives priority to the inclusiveness and fairness of teaching. Schools and teachers can formulate the most suitable and helpful teaching methods for different students according to their special conditions. With the help of the government system, the special education system can provide special students with the resources they need, so that they can learn with dignity and confidence. There are a variety of reasons why special education is important. Looking through the sources, this paper found that Dr. Harkins summarized three reasons why special education is important, they are free and equal opportunity, a level playing field and support for parents.

2.1. Free and equal opportunity

All students should have access to a free and equitable public education, regardless of their needs. Students in special education systems have specific needs to help them succeed in their studies. The special education system guarantees learning opportunities for all special students, regardless of their physical and mental disabilities, to help them progress in their studies. For example, some deaf and blind students will encounter many difficulties in learning, and they will have great difficulty in learning in the general education system. If they go to the special education system, the special education teachers can help them with special teaching methods, such as Braille, which will help them absorb knowledge faster. Teachers in the special education system are also trained to understand what these special students need and how to help them better than teachers in the general education system. Exceptional students are more likely to make academic progress in an environment that is more suitable for them.

2.2. A level Playing Field

The system of special education creates a level playing field for students in order to protect their needs. Even though some students have physical and mental defects and differences, and their differences are different, the special education system can help them solve these differences. No matter how difficult, the special education system can give every special student a chance to succeed. When special students study in the general education system, they may be treated differently. Because there are fewer special students in the general education system, people may be hostile to those who are different from them, which is not good for the future development of special students, and some special students may encounter disrespected situations, which is not good for their mental health. In the special education system, special students meet classmates like them, which often makes it easier for them to make friends. In the same way, in the special education system their competitors are the same as their classmates, which makes the special students and ordinary students can compete with their same people.

2.3. Support for Parent

To some extent, special students need their parents to pay a lot of time and energy to help them learn knowledge. Many parents do not have enough time to accompany and care for them, and special students often need more attention from people around them. In the special education system, the special education teachers have received professional training, they know how to care for these students' emotions, if the special students study in the special education system, they will get more care, and with the help of the teachers, it will relieve the pressure of parents [3].

3. Current situation of special education

As the number of students with special needs increases, so does the need for special education. Government and social investment in special education is also increasing. Take China as an example. By 2022, there will be 2,314 special education schools in China, with 146,000 students enrolled in special education, 919,000 students and 159,000 graduates. China has organized and implemented two stages of special education improvement plans, and the level of popularization, security conditions and quality of special education have been significantly improved, but there are still problems such as unbalanced and inadequate development, which is still a weak link in the field of education. In order to promote the high-quality development of special education, the Ministry of Education has formulated more comprehensive plans, improved the guarantee mechanism for special education, and comprehensively enhanced the importance of the quality of special education [4]. In the United States, the most common disability among American students is a "specific learning disability," such as dyslexia. In the 2017-18 school year, about one-third (34 percent) of students with disabilities had a specific learning disability, 20 percent had speech or language impairments, and 14 percent had chronic health problems.

Students with autism make up about 10 percent of the nation's disabled school-age children, up from just 1.5 percent 20 years ago. During the same period, the number of students with specific learning disabilities dropped from 45 percent to 34 percent [5].

3.1. Advantages

In order for all children to receive equal and quality education, universal special education is an important part of it. Most countries have begun to fully popularize special education and require schools to provide special education for children with disabilities, which has resulted in an increase in the number of disabled children receiving special education year by year, which has protected their rights and interests. Until today, the field of special education can be said to have been significantly improved in terms of scale, level, and quality of education. The quality of education has been comprehensively improved, curriculum materials have been further improved, educational models have become more diverse, and curriculum reform has been deepened. These advances make the special education system more and more suitable for children with disabilities, so that children with disabilities can really benefit from these special courses. In recent years, with the rapid development of the world's scientific and technological level, the influence on pedagogy is also very significant. Whether it is for general education or special education, science and technology have greatly changed the classroom to some extent. Through the use of science and technology, teachers can combine multimedia and Internet information with content in class, which greatly improves teachers' classroom efficiency. By making their teaching methods more flexible, students are no longer stuck in areas of knowledge they don't understand, and can learn at a pace they can accept, technology has greatly helped the work of special teachers.

3.2. Disadvantages

However, with the popularization and development of special education, there are also many problems. In the construction of the teacher team in most special education systems, there is still a lack of professional attraction. Fewer people are willing to be special teachers, so talents are scarce and the talent training model is obsolete. The shortage of special education teachers will affect the process of carrying out special education in the district, and the boundary between the teaching methods of special education and the teaching methods of general education will gradually become blurred. Some teachers need to devote more time and energy to the disabled children, but they have not found the most effective and efficient way to help the children, but even so, the workload brought to the teachers in special education is not to be underestimated, which is far beyond the scope of their work. Although special education and general education have been included in the track of compulsory education, most special education is still running on the track of normal education, and there is no real boundary between special education and general education. Meanwhile, the boundary between special education and general education is also very vague, which will make the importance of special education not reflected and people will not pay attention to it. Make people overlook the importance of special education. As a result, the resources of some schools can not be fully utilized, and special children can not receive appropriate education. As mentioned above, the help and influence of technology on special education and special teachers are not enough, but the popularization of technology alone will lead to a "leapfrog" development of special education. Before the teaching methods of special education have been completely improved, special education has already begun to move toward modernization. Some people think that building a few buildings for special education, adding more advanced teaching AIDS and electronic equipment can realize the modernization of special education, there is no doubt that doing so is helpful to the development of special education, but the meaning is too small, it is a little visualization, while adding hardware facilities for special education, software development should not be underestimated. Some old teachers in mountainous areas may not even use these equipment, so the follow-up training and training of teachers is particularly important, if schools and teachers do not know how to make full use of these equipment, then technology will be of little help to special education [6].

4. Optimized approach to special education - teaching for life

As far as the development of special education is concerned, the biggest problem is the quality of teachers' courses and teaching methods. It is most important to use reasonable, scientific and effective teaching methods to help disabled children make progress. The core goal of special education is to help special children adapt to the social environment and achieve the goal of adapting to life, so in order to achieve this goal, life-oriented teaching should be the top priority in the special education system. In order to create a successful life-oriented teaching, a suitable teaching environment is essential. Whether it is the classroom environment or the teaching scope, it should be warm, comfortable and full of life atmosphere, which can make disabled children feel comfortable, relaxed and happy in the classroom. At the same time, it is also necessary to create some life-oriented scenes for students to gradually adapt to. Different life scenes can mobilize students' senses and enrich their imagination, and students will adapt faster and more naturally in the corresponding environmental scenes. The influence and appeal of environment on students can not be ignored. How can teachers create a living environment? First of all, you can discuss with the students, visit, observe, get familiar with the classroom environment, you can also dress up the classroom with the students, such as raising some goldfish or planting some potted plants, you can also paste some special photos on the wall, so that every corner of the classroom is meaningful. By caring for small animals and planting potted plants, children can develop compassion and hands-on skills, and photos on the walls can make students feel more at home. This arrangement can shorten the distance between teachers and students, making the class environment more comfortable and relaxed, and students will be more willing to express their ideas in this environment. Secondly, teachers can also use technical equipment to help students create life scenes, such as multimedia courseware, when the existing conditions can not allow students to observe some life scenes, teachers can use the form of courseware to show, so that students immersive. At the same time, teachers can also use these devices to introduce extracurricular knowledge into the classroom, stimulate students' imagination and learning interest, which not only broadens students' vision, but also enriches the teaching content. This not only improves the teaching quality, but also achieves the purpose of making full use of school resources. Another teaching method that can also help students with disabilities learn the general knowledge of life is "role playing". Teachers can play some life scenes with students, such as taking a bus, ordering food in a restaurant, going to the supermarket, etc. Using this form of role play can help children deepen their impression of these life scenes, learn more common sense of life, and promote their adaptability to life. Special schools can also organize some extracurricular activities, such as taking students out of the campus to contact nature, or going to some parks and other life scenes for children to feel and experience, and can also organize some activities with general education schools to cultivate children's communication skills with normal children [7].

5. Conclusion

Through this study, it can more clearly feel the significance and importance of special education. The development of special education cannot be separated from the development of society, the progress of science and technology and the training of special teachers. It is also very important to improve the teaching quality, how to use teaching methods more suitable for students with disabilities, and how to make full use of school resources provided by the government and society. These are very high requirements for special teachers, and updating the training methods of special education talents is also an important part of the development of special education. Life-oriented teaching is undoubtedly the best way to help students with disabilities learn how to live. Through this teaching method, students can quickly and effectively adapt to the society. The essence of special education is to help students with disabilities learn how to live, become equal citizens of the society, and live freely in the social environment.