Download pdf
Evaluation of three kinetic energy storage systems
- 1 Dulwich College London
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This paper investigates recent advances in energy recovery systems (ERS) in automotive vehicles to reduce air pollution and impact on climate change. The three ERS systems: mechanical flywheel, regenerative braking, and regenerative electrically assisted (REAT) turbocharger are evaluated for their potential to reclaim energy wasted by the automobile thereby increasing range and efficiency of the vehicle. The methods of comparison are based on data sourced from current literature relevant to total energy recovery, system configuration, and application feasibility. This will identify regenerative braking as best for new vehicles to decrease fuel consumption and regenerative electrically assisted turbocharges (REAT) as best for retrofitting older vehicles. The paper will use the results to identify the energy recovery system with the greatest potential for immediate application and further research to overcome remaining challenges.
Keywords
Energy recovery systems, regenerative braking, increasing fuel range, increasing efficiency.
[1]. “Climate change.” Accessed: Jul. 20, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/health-topics/climate-change
[2]. P. Zhang et al., “Research on carbon emission standards of automobile industry in BRI participating countries,” Clean. Responsible Consum., vol. 8, p. 100106, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.clrc.2023.100106.
[3]. “Pathway for zero emission vehicle transition by 2035 becomes law,” GOV.UK. Accessed: Jul. 21, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/pathway-for-zero-emission-vehicle-transition-by-2035-becomes-law
[4]. A. Royale and M. Simic, “Research in Vehicles With Thermal Energy Recovery Systems,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 60, pp. 1443–1452, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.221.
[5]. J.-B. Sim, S.-J. Yook, and Y. W. Kim, “Performance of organic Rankine cycle using waste heat from electric vehicle battery,” J. Mech. Sci. Technol., vol. 36, no. 11, pp. 5745–5754, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1007/s12206-022-1036-3.
[6]. L. Xu, X. He, and X. Shen, “Improving Energy Recovery Rate of the Regenerative Braking System by Optimization of Influencing Factors,” Appl. Sci., vol. 9, no. 18, p. 3807, Sep. 2019, doi: 10.3390/app9183807.
[7]. S. Gössling, J. Kees, and T. Litman, “The lifetime cost of driving a car,” Ecol. Econ., vol. 194, p. 107335, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107335.
[8]. S. Koohi-Fayegh and M. A. Rosen, “A review of energy storage types, applications and recent developments,” J. Energy Storage, vol. 27, p. 101047, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.est.2019.101047.
[9]. U. Diego-Ayala, P. Martinez-Gonzalez, N. McGlashan, and K. R. Pullen, “The mechanical hybrid vehicle: An investigation of a flywheel-based vehicular regenerative energy capture system,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part J. Automob. Eng., vol. 222, no. 11, pp. 2087–2101, Nov. 2008, doi: 10.1243/09544070JAUTO677.
[10]. A. G. Olabi, T. Wilberforce, M. A. Abdelkareem, and M. Ramadan, “Critical Review of Flywheel Energy Storage System,” Energies, vol. 14, no. 8, p. 2159, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.3390/en14082159.
[11]. R. Engineering, “Williams F1 KERS explained,” Racecar Engineering. Accessed: Jul. 24, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.racecar-engineering.com/articles/f1/williams-f1-kers-explained/
[12]. P. Bhandari, S. Dubey, S. Kandu, and R. Deshbhratar, “Regenerative Braking Systems (RBS),” vol. 8, no. 2, 2017.
[13]. N. A. Shuaib et al., “Chapter 20 Recycling of composite materials”.
[14]. J. Hemsen, N. Nowak, and L. Eckstein, “Production cost modeling for permanent magnet synchronous machines for electric vehicles,” Automot. Engine Technol., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 109–126, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s41104-023-00128-w.
[15]. V. Hundak, T. Cox, G. Vakil, and C. Gerada, “Mass Production Costing of Induction Machines for Automotive Applications,” in 2018 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo (ITEC), Long Beach, CA: IEEE, Jun. 2018, pp. 500–505. doi: 10.1109/ITEC.2018.8450116.
[16]. W. Deprez, “Energy Efficency of Induction Machines: A Critical Assesment,” PhD dissertation, KU Leuven University, Leuven, Beligum, 2008.
[17]. M. B. Nezhad, “Study of Homopolar DC Generator,” Thesis, The University of Manchester, Manchaster, 2012.
[18]. G. G. Sotelo, R. de Andrade, and A. C. Ferreira, “Magnetic Bearings Set For a Flywheel System”.
[19]. G. C. Rubio, V. C. H. Komal, Y. Fujii, and A. Chiba, “Experimental Verification of Passive Axial Electrodynamic Suspension in a Bearingless Motor,” IEEE Open J. Ind. Appl., vol. 4, pp. 49–59, 2023, doi: 10.1109/OJIA.2023.3236984.
[20]. A. Yamamoto, N. Takeshita, C. Terakura, and Y. Tokura, “High pressure effects revisited for the cuprate superconductor family with highest critical temperature,” Nat. Commun., vol. 6, no. 1, p. 8990, Dec. 2015, doi: 10.1038/ncomms9990.
[21]. D. S. J. Clegg, “A REVIEW OF REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEMS”.
[22]. P. J. Burke and S. Nishitateno, “Gasoline prices, gasoline consumption, and new-vehicle fuel economy: Evidence for a large sample of countries,” Energy Econ., vol. 36, pp. 363–370, Mar. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2012.09.008.
[23]. M. Islameka, B. A. Budiman, F. B. Juangsa, and M. Aziz, “5 - Energy management systems for battery electric vehicles,” in Emerging Trends in Energy Storage Systems and Industrial Applications, Prabhansu and N. Kumar, Eds., Academic Press, 2023, pp. 113–150. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-90521-3.00006-5.
[24]. C. Yang, T. Sun, W. Wang, Y. Li, Y. Zhang, and M. Zha, “Regenerative braking system development and perspectives for electric vehicles: An overview,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 198, p. 114389, Jul. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2024.114389.
[25]. A. T. Hamada and M. F. Orhan, “An overview of regenerative braking systems,” J. Energy Storage, vol. 52, p. 105033, Aug. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.est.2022.105033.
[26]. A. R. Dehghani-Sanij, E. Tharumalingam, M. B. Dusseault, and R. Fraser, “Study of energy storage systems and environmental challenges of batteries,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 104, pp. 192–208, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.023.
[27]. H. Jin, P. Liu, and Z. Li, “Dynamic modelling of a hybrid diabatic compressed air energy storage and wind turbine system,” in Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, vol. 40, A. Espuña, M. Graells, and L. Puigjaner, Eds., in 27 European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering, vol. 40. , Elsevier, 2017, pp. 2569–2574. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63965-3.50430-X.
[28]. R. Saidur, M. Rezaei, W. K. Muzammil, M. H. Hassan, S. Paria, and M. Hasanuzzaman, “Technologies to recover exhaust heat from internal combustion engines,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 5649–5659, Oct. 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.05.018.
[29]. T. Zeng, D. Upadhyay, H. Sun, E. Curtis, and G. G. Zhu, “Regenerative Hydraulic Assisted Turbocharger,” J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, vol. 140, no. 10, p. 102602, Oct. 2018, doi: 10.1115/1.4039937.
[30]. K. Song, D. Upadhyay, and H. Xie, “An assessment of performance trade-offs in diesel engines equipped with regenerative electrically assisted turbochargers,” Int. J. Engine Res., vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 510–526, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.1177/1468087418762170.
Cite this article
Mosely,P.N. (2024). Evaluation of three kinetic energy storage systems. Applied and Computational Engineering,95,162-173.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
Disclaimer/Publisher's Note
The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
About volume
Volume title: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computing and Data Science
© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who
publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this
series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published
version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial
publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and
during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See
Open access policy for details).