
Using natural language processing and machine learning algorithm for book categorization
- 1 University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
- 2 University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- 3 The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- 4 North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- 5 North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This research analyzed the relationship between multiple elements of a book's classifica-tion through natural language processing and machine learning. This paper used SVM and KNN to classify books according to the titles and author respectively. Also, books are categorized by summary through Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes and BERT. In the end, this work compared effects of these methods. Our findings show that 1) books have different levels of categorical characteristics in various parts of the book 2) through combining the title, author, and summary of the book, more accurate classification results were obtained 3) BERT achieved more accurate recognition compared to a variety of other algorithms used.
Keywords
natural language processing, machine learning, book classification
[1]. Black, J., Cunningham, G., Robson, E. and Zólyomi, G. (2006) The literature of ancient Sumer. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
[2]. Albrecht, M. C. (1954) The Relationship of Literature and Society. American Journal of Sociology, 59(5), 425–436.
[3]. John Tosh. (1984) The Pursuit of History: Aims, Methods and New Directions in the Study of History, 58-59.
[4]. Simpson, P. (2004) Stylistics: A resource book for students. Psychology Press, Hove.
[5]. Wood, Robert. (2019) How to Figure Out the Genre of Your Book. https://www.standoutbooks.com/what-genre-book-genres/
[6]. Strathy, Glen C. (2008) The Genres of Books: 7 Ways to Categorize and Identify Fiction. https://www.how-to-write-a-book-now.com/genres-of-books.html
[7]. Chandler,Daniel. (1997) An introduction to genre theory. http://www.aber.ac.uk/media/Documents/intgenre/chandler_genre_theory.pdf
[8]. Santini, Marina. (2007) Automatic genre identification: Towards a flexible classification scheme. In: BCS IRSG Symposium: Future Directions in Information Access 2007 (FDIA). Brighton. pp. 1-6
[9]. Joseph, S. R., Hlomani, H., Letsholo, K., Kaniwa, F., & Sedimo, K. (2016). Natural language processing: A review. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 6: 207-212.
[10]. Alhuqail, Noura Khalid. (2021). Author Identification Based on NLP. European Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology, 9: 1-26.
[11]. Ferrario, Andrea and Naegelin, Mara. (2020). The Art of Natural Language Processing: Classical, Modern and Contemporary Approaches to Text Document Classification. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3547887
[12]. Krishna, Akshay and Aich, Animikh and V, Akhilesh and Hegde, Chetana. (2018). Analysis of Customer Opinion Using Machine Learning and NLP Techniques. International Journal of Advanced Studies of Scientific Research, 3: 128-132.
[13]. Sel, Slhami and Hanbay, Davut. (2019). E-Mail Classification Using Natural Language Processing. In: 27th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU). Sivas, Turkey. pp. 1-4
[14]. Neupane, Parlad (2020). Understanding text classification in NLP with Movie Review Example. https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2020/12/understanding-text-classification-in-nlp-with-movie-review-example-example/
[15]. Kim, Yoon. (2014). Convolutional neural networks for sentence classification. https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.5882
[16]. Tang, Duyu; Qin, Bing; Liu, Ting; (2015) Document modeling with gated recurrent neural network for sentiment classification. In: Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, Lisbon, Portugal. pp. 1422–1432,
[17]. Liu, Ying; Loh, Hantong; Sun, Aixin. (2009). Imbalanced text classification: A term weighting approach. Expert systems with Applications. Expert Systems with Applications, 36: 690-701.
[18]. Xu, Baoxun; Guo, Xiufeng; Ye, Yunming; Cheng, Jiefeng. (2012). An improved random forest classifier for text categorization. J. Comput, 7.12: 2913-2920.
[19]. Jordan, Emily. (2012). AUTOMATED GENRE CLASSIFICATION IN LITERATURE. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17578
[20]. Joseph Worsham and Jugal Kalita (2018). Genre Identification and the Compositional Effect of Genre in Literature. In: Proceedings of the 27th international conference on computational linguistics. Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA. pp. 1963-1973.
[21]. Chiang, Holly; Ge, Yifan; Wu, Connie. (2015). Classification of Book Genres By Cover and Title. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Classification-of-Book-Genres-By-Cover-and-Title-Chiang-Ge/d0d0096d307a6da1332153b9cb8a72c29df38f87#citing-papers
[22]. Koppel, M., Argamon, S., Shinobi, A, R. (2002). Automatically Categorizing Written Texts by Author Gender. Literary and linguistic computing, 17(4): 401-412.
[23]. Ganeshprasad R Biradar, Raagini JM, Aravind Varier and Manisha Sudhir (2019) Classification of Book Genres using Book Cover and Title. In: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Green Technology (ICISGT). Visakhapatnam, India. pp. 72-723.
[24]. Kang, D. K., Silvescu, A., Zhang, J., & Honavar, V. (2004). Generation of attribute value taxonomies from data and their use in data-driven construction of accurate and compact naive bayes classifiers. In: Proceedings of the ECML/PKDD Workshop on Knowledge Discovery and Ontologies. Pisa, Italy.
[25]. Belik, I. (2018). A Comparative Analysis of the Neural Network and Naïve Bayes Classifiers. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3371889
[26]. Patil, S., & Kulkarni, U. (2019). Accuracy prediction for distributed decision tree using machine learning approach. In: 2019 3rd International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICOEI). Tirunelveli, India. pp. 1365-1371.
[27]. L. Breiman, J. Friedman, R. Olshen, and C. Stone. (1984) Classification and Regression Trees. Routledge, New York.
[28]. Boser, B. E., Guyon, I. M., & Vapnik, V. N. (1992, July). A training algorithm for optimal margin classifiers. In: Proceedings of the fifth annual workshop on Computational learning theory. Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, USA. pp. 144-152.
[29]. Cortes, Corinna; Vapnik, Vladimir N. (1995). Support-vector networks. Machine Learning. CiteSeerX, 20.3: 273–297.
[30]. Koroteev, M. V. (2021). BERT: a review of applications in natural language processing and understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.11943.
[31]. Lutkevich, Ben. (2020), BERT language model. https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/language-modeling
[32]. QUINLAN, J.. Ross .(1986). Induction of decision trees. Machine learning, 1.1: 81-106.
Cite this article
Wang,D.;Tan,B.;Wei,M.;Cui,X.;Huang,X. (2023). Using natural language processing and machine learning algorithm for book categorization. Applied and Computational Engineering,2,78-89.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
Disclaimer/Publisher's Note
The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
About volume
Volume title: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computing and Data Science (CONF-CDS 2022)
© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who
publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this
series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published
version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial
publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and
during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See
Open access policy for details).