How ICT Development Since the 1990s Has Contributed Differently to Gender Equality in High-income, Middle-income and Low-income Countries

Yilin Ye; Xiaopei Feng; Shangzhen Li

doi:10.54254/2753-7048/11/20230758

Research Article

Open access

Published on 26 October 2023

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Ye,Y.;Feng,X.;Li,S. (2023). How ICT Development Since the 1990s Has Contributed Differently to Gender Equality in High-income, Middle-income and Low-income Countries. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,11,293-310.

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How ICT Development Since the 1990s Has Contributed Differently to Gender Equality in High-income, Middle-income and Low-income Countries

Yilin Ye *^,1, Xiaopei Feng ², Shangzhen Li ³

¹ Dongguan University of Technology
² University of California Davis
³ California Crosspoint High School

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/11/20230758

Abstract

Gender inequality is a global issue. It is well known that ICT (Information and Communications Technology) development has a place in promoting gender equality, and many international organizations that aim to promote gender equality have adopted measures on ICT expansion in the process of promoting gender equality. Since the 1990s, ICT has been introduced almost globally, and the lack of access to ICT has improved even in the more disadvantaged regions. The existing literatures have answered positively to the question of whether ICT has contributed to the development of gender equality, but no studies have been conducted to determine whether ICT development has had a different impact on the promotion of gender equality in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries, and middle- and low- income countries are at different stages of development. If it is true that development of gender equality in middle- and low-income countries has been deeply influenced by ICT development, it can be assumed that the continued promotion of ICT development is effective in reducing gender gap in these countries. Therefore, in this paper, GDI (Gender Development Index), HDI (Human Development Index), GGGI (Global Gender Gap Index), investment in ICT with private participation (current US$), mobile cellular subscriptions, individuals using the Internet (% of population), and fixed broadband subscriptions were used to explore whether the development of ICT since the 1990s has had a differential impact on the development of gender equality in the United States, Norway, Mexico, China, Mali, and Yemen. The final result showed that the contribution of ICT development to gender equality since the 1990s is more significant in middle- and low-income countries, and the positive correlation between ICT development and gender equality is more pronounced in middle- and low-income countries.

Keywords

gender equality, gender gap, human development, information and communication technology, information diffusion

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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Volume title: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Educational Innovation and Philosophical Inquiries

Conference website: https://www.iceipi.org/

ISBN：978-1-83558-047-9(Print) / 978-1-83558-048-6(Online)

Conference date: 7 August 2023

Editor：Enrique Mallen, Javier Cifuentes-Faura

Series: Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media

Volume number: Vol.11

ISSN：2753-7048(Print) / 2753-7056(Online)

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