Volume 101
Published on July 2025Volume title: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Global Politics and Socio-Humanities
This paper discusses the impact of World War II on the depiction of female figure in film industry, particularly how women’s social expectancy is reflected in turns of movie. During World War II, women were encouraged to enter the workforce, leading to portrayals of independent female figures, but post-war movies reverted to traditional domestic ideals. By analyzing both pre-war and post-war films, this study examines the depicted women figure showed in film industry before World War II and after. The films Mr. Deeds Goes to Town and It’s a Wonderful Life were chosen to be examine since they do not embody any sexism ideologies. The analysis reveals that the female expectancy and social roles surprisingly retrograded back to traditional domestic character. While in pre-war movie Mr. Deeds Goes to Town, there is independent business woman like Babe Bennett, all the female characters in It’s a Wonderful Life remain traditionally portrayed as housewives. These findings suggest that independent powerful women figure was not a enduring image and underscore that the influence of World War II on women’s figure in films is over evaluated.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has been applied to humongous industries and tested out its beneficial potential in finance, engineering, transportation, and so on. Therefore, filmmakers have started to learn and practice the feasibility and efficiency of ai-generated work. This paper explores the crisis and prospects that production designers and art directors could face when using AI technology to produce films. To better understand the pros and cons of AI-generated work in filmmaking, this paper draws a comparative analysis of the conventional and ai-generated production design in three aspects, correspondingly: time efficiency, amount of staff, and production cost. Using interviews and data analysis, this research finds out that AI can improve the efficiency and creativity of production designers; however, it also risks art directors getting replaced in the job markets. Besides, AI-generated production design develops the overall performance of films that require complex visual effects. Yet, the potential of AI-generated production design is a huge topic, enlightening the importance of human intelligence's role in AI technology and producing a qualified film. Furthermore, this research is significant in discovering strategies to fit in the rapidly changing era of AI-generated production designs.
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This study seeks to examine the influence of Adult Candy, China's first female-focused sex toy retail establishment, on societal attitudes toward sexuality, particularly regarding women's sexual liberty within the framework of China's progressively liberal sexual landscape. A questionnaire was developed to gather public impressions regarding the establishment of a female sex toy store in a shopping centre, encompassing all ages, genders, and geographic locations. The data analysis indicates that the majority of respondents endorse this practice, asserting that it addresses and fulfils women's sexual needs while advancing sex education and sexual health. Nevertheless, certain respondents articulated apprehension that such public displays could adversely affect youngsters. The findings indicate the advancement of Chinese culture regarding sexual openness while also highlighting disparities in sexual attitudes and acceptability among various categories. These findings are significant for comprehending the evolution of contemporary Chinese sexual culture and its potential implications for women's rights.
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Non-linear narratives typically create difficulties such as cognitive overload, fragmented emotional trajectories, and delays in comprehension, which often alienate audiences from the story. However, Nolan's unique approach to strategically coordinating visual cues, emotional continuity, and tension helps alleviate these problems while enhancing the overall audience experience. This study examines how Christopher Nolan effectively utilizes non-linear narrative structures in his films to overcome problems in audience comprehension. Through detailed case studies of The Memento, Inception, and Interstellar, this paper explores how Nolan's approach not only removes traditional narrative barriers but also deepens the audience's cognitive and emotional engagement. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of how nonlinear narratives can be successfully integrated into popular cinema without compromising commercial or critical success. This study aims to fill a gap in the existing literature by specifically analyzing Nolan's narrative techniques and providing valuable information for filmmakers and researchers interested in nonlinear narrative.
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Gender inequality, accompanied by the progress of human thoughts, has been extensively discussed in multiple fields of study, but there is still limited research on the exact impact of public education. Is public education one of the decisive factors in the extent of gender inequality? To explore the answer and the underlying mechanism, this paper examines the relationship between public education and gender inequality by selecting three different indicators (total general government expenditure on education, average years of schooling and gross enrollment ratio in primary education) to measure the national educational level and the under-five child mortality sex ratio to measure gender inequality, collecting data from 1990 to 2021 in eight countries that represent different income and religious levels, and constructing three regression models in separate. Overall, in line with the regression results and horizontal and vertical comparisons, as the three indicators of educational level rise, there is the commonality that the mortality sex ratio decreases; however, results vary across groups of different income and religious levels. Finally, some probable explanations of those abnormal situations and possible policy implications are presented.
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It is common that multilingual speakers, during a conversation in a target language, may exhibit a mixing of non-target languages. Driven by this interesting phenomenon, much research has been conducted on the causes. Many studies on language mixing mainly explore bilingual contexts. However, this study focuses on a question: What are the contributing factors of factors contributing to the mixing of non-target languages among multilingual speakers in a second language environment? The aim of the present study is to examine the contributing factors to multilingual code-mixing. Specifically, it focuses on the interaction between the native language (L1) and third language (L3) in a second-language (L2) context. For this purpose, this study examined linguistic structure, language proficiency, psychological and cognitive processes, socio-cultural contexts, and physiological and pathological conditions. The study finds that lower L2 proficiency usually means greater reliance on L1 and L3 and that the interlingual structural similarities have a positive influence on multilingual code-mixing. Contributing factors observed include cognitive mechanisms, such as parallel activation and translation asymmetry. These factors also cover contextual factors, like formality and cultural expectations, as well as individual differences in language proficiency and cognitive control. These contributing factors together influence multilingual code-mixing. This study suggests that more in-depth studies be conducted to further reveal multilingual language use and to help with language acquisition and communication strategies.
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The Energy Charter Treaty has interfered with states’ efforts at climate action significantly, slowing down and even backtracking regulatory reforms for sustainability. In first giving investors overly broad protections that legally shelter from states’ sovereignty, the ECT oversteps its boundaries in arguing for stability – particularly seen in the Rockhopper case, where the tribunal ruled against environmental public interest and Italy’s police powers. In second enforcing direct financial burdens on states, the ECT also creates both short- and long-term regulatory chill. Despite arguments for the ECT in hopes of its protection of renewables, the Spanish saga demonstrates how it is easily abused, not for just governance, but used purely as an instrument for private profit, taking advantage of reasonable change to claim compensation. The history of cases that lie behind the ECT has prompted worldwide controversy, and this paper proposes for states to withdraw wholly from the treaty itself, its sunset clause inter se, and to instead establish another treaty exclusively for renewable energy.
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With the rise of the Internet, emojis play an important role in social media applications in our lives. The topic of our study is whether young people between the ages of 15 and 25 use different emojis depending on who they are communicating with. We used quantitative research methods to collect data about the use of social media emojis by this group of young people aged 15-25. In this study, it was found that about 68% of young respondents use different emojis depending on the group of people they are receiving them from, adjusting their use of emojis because older people may not understand emojis, fear of offending, or fear of others misunderstanding them, which suggests that they are aiming to try to match the audience's preferences as closely as possible so that they can more quickly understand what others are trying to convey. Secondly, when using emojis, young people will choose to use funny, cute, and exaggerated emojis with their friends and will prefer more formal and polite emojis with older people or on formal occasions, which shows that young respondents are conscious of choosing appropriate emojis according to who they are chatting with as well as the situation. The most unexpected result of this study was that face-to-face communication is becoming less and less common among young respondents, with digital communication methods dominating their lives. In addition, through the study, it is not difficult to find that emojis occupy an important position in the 15-25 young people's group. It enriches the way people communicate and convey their emotions. The small sample size of this study and the carelessness of individual fillers resulted in individual inaccuracies in the results, which will be strengthened in the future by increasing the sample size and diversifying the sample collection methods.
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Gender in traditional horror films is often portrayed between male and female opposition and inequality, reinforcing the male perspective and marginalizing female audiences. Since the 2010s, A24, an independent film production company, has transformed U.S. indie cinema with its distinctive cultural values and aesthetics. A24’s horror films are notable for their innovative approach to gender issues and audio-visual techniques, differentiating them from traditional genres. This article examines A24's contributions to the genre, focusing on films such as Hereditary(2018), Pearl(2022), and Men(2022). A24's work introduces psychological horror tied to anatomical anomalies, challenging conventional horror categories. Additionally, these films address gender binary, expressions, and patriarchy, merging gender and horror in novel ways. The analysis underscores how A24’s films reflect contemporary concerns and engage audiences in gender-related discussions. This study highlights A24’s role in redefining horror cinema narratives and advancing gender dialogues in the post-2010s era.
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There’s evidence that bilingualism can significantly affect speakers' language use due to different levels of understanding of the cultures behind different languages and different abilities to perceive language’s emotional and logical expression. This study narrows down the topic to Chinese and English sexist swear and taboo words (therefore S-T words) and explores the effect of cultural background on bilinguals’ use of sexist S-T words in their first language and second language (therefore L1 and L2), giving out possible explanations of the interrelationship between cultural background and the use of sexist S-T words by reviewing previous literature. By making the comparative analysis between Chinese and English cultural backgrounds, this study finally infers that the ideology of sexism is reflected in both languages and cultures they belong to, while different rules of emotional expression, different language structures, and different attitudes towards sex in Chinese and Western cultures are possible factors that influence bilinguals’ use of sexist S-T words in both languages. English is more open and direct on emotional expression, and the thought of individual liberalism supports individuals expressing their feelings; by contrast, China has the traditional thought of harmony, thus, Chinese speakers are more likely to express ideas implicitly. On the language structure aspect, as a high context culture with a pictographic writing system, Chinese is considered to be more offensive than English in the cognition of Chinese-English bilinguals. Moreover, Asians have more conservative sexual attitudes than their Hispanic and Euro-American peers.
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