Research on the Results of Chinese Women’s Overseas Higher Education from the Perspective of Educational Equity: An Analysis of Employment Status among Returnees

Research Article
Open access

Research on the Results of Chinese Women’s Overseas Higher Education from the Perspective of Educational Equity: An Analysis of Employment Status among Returnees

Yuxuan Xiong 1*
  • 1 University of Manchester    
  • *corresponding author 1248030147@qq.com
Published on 20 November 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/21/20230082
LNEP Vol.21
ISSN (Print): 2753-7056
ISSN (Online): 2753-7048
ISBN (Print): 978-1-83558-121-6
ISBN (Online): 978-1-83558-122-3

Abstract

Currently, Chinese women returnees receive preferential treatment in the job market due to their overseas educational background, but they also face inequalities. While there is considerable research on equity of higher education opportunities and processes, there is a lack of studies analyzing the equity of higher education results, specifically the employment situation of Chinese women returnees, from a gender perspective. This paper reveals the existing inequalities in the employment of women returnees in China, including disadvantages in domestic job hunting, inadequate utilization of professional skills in the workplace, and low level of career self-fulfillment. These issues are primarily associated with traditional gender role perceptions in China, the symbolical capital molded by enterprises, and gender stereotypes in the workplace. The paper suggests that addressing the employment issues of women returnees requires the establishment of a subsidy system by the government for employing organizations and increased regulatory efforts. Furthermore, employing organizations should objectively evaluate the overseas educational background of women returnees. Lastly, the government and enterprises can change stereotypes through correct public opinion and appropriate management. This study takes a gender perspective and focuses on women returnees as the research subjects, making positive explorations towards achieving equity in the results of higher education for women returnees and promoting their fair development in the job market.

Keywords:

educational equity, women returnees, results of higher education, employment

Xiong,Y. (2023). Research on the Results of Chinese Women’s Overseas Higher Education from the Perspective of Educational Equity: An Analysis of Employment Status among Returnees. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,21,101-108.
Export citation

References

[1]. Cheng, W. D. (2022). Analysis of Employment Discrimination against Female College Students. Employment and Security, (04), 30-32.

[2]. Zhai, K., Moskal, M., & Read, B. (2021). Compelled to Compete: Chinese graduates on employment and social mobility after international and domestic study. International Journal of Educational Development, 84, 102432.

[3]. Chai, X. Y. (2019). Strengthening English Reading Training to Improve Exam Performance. Campus English, (24), 101.

[4]. Zhao, J., Wei, C., & Li, J. (2023). Is the research performance of Chinese returnees better than that of their local counterparts?. Scientometrics, 128(5), 3091-3105.

[5]. He, G., & Zhou, M. (2018). Gender difference in early occupational attainment: The roles of study field, gender norms, and gender attitudes. Chinese Sociological Review, 50(3), 339-366.

[6]. Li, H., & Wang, L. B. (2020). Fair Compensation and Prospects for Higher Education Enrollment Opportunities. Journal of Yangzhou University (Higher Education Research Edition), 26(6).

[7]. Dong, Z. F., & Wang, W. D. (2011). Retrospect and Reflection on the Research of Equity in Higher Education Process in China. Academic Forum, (10), 193-199.

[8]. Li, J. H., & Nie, J. B. (2013). The Influence of Social Stratification on the Equity of Higher Education Outcomes. China Electric Power Education, (01), 4-5.

[9]. Chen, Z. (2017). Reflections on Equality in Higher Education Process from the Perspective of Social Stratification Theory. Modernizing Education, (34), 136-137.

[10]. Kang, Y. B. (2020). Research on Phenomenon, Causes, and Countermeasures of Employment Discrimination against Female College Students. Journal of Yichun University, (05), 25-28+97.

[11]. Shen, W., & Jiang, J. (2023). Institutional prestige, academic supervision and research productivity of international PhD students: Evidence from Chinese returnees. Journal of Sociology, 59(2), 552-579.

[12]. Hao, X., Yan, K., Guo, S., & Wang, M. (2017). Chinese returnees' motivation, post-return status and impact of return: A systematic review. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 26(1), 143-157.

[13]. Sassler, S., Glass, J., Levitte, Y., & Michelmore, K. M. (2017). The missing women in STEM? Assessing gender differentials in the factors associated with transition to first jobs. Social Science Research, 63, 192-208.

[14]. Stamarski, C. S., & Son Hing, L. S. (2015). Gender inequalities in the workplace: The effects of organizational structures, processes, practices, and decision makers' sexism. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1400.

[15]. Li, X. Y., & Li, A. (2019). Analysis and Suggestions on Gender Discrimination Issues in Job Search for College Students. Journal of Gansu Normal Colleges, (06), 135-138.

[16]. Zhang, J., Jin, S., Li, T., & Wang, H. (2021). Gender discrimination in China: Experimental evidence from the job market for college graduates. Journal of Comparative Economics, 49(3), 819-835.

[17]. Mok, K. H., Han, X., Jiang, J., & Zhang, X. (2017). International and transnational education for whose interests? A study on the career development of Chinese students. Higher Education Quarterly, 72, 208-223.

[18]. Bourdieu, P., & Wacquant, L. (2013). Symbolic capital and social classes. Journal of classical sociology, 13(2), 292-302.

[19]. Li, X. (2022). Career Development Dilemmas of Chinese Women Leaders. Qin Zhi, (07), 126-128.

[20]. Carli, L. L., & Eagly, A. H. (2016). Women face a labyrinth: An examination of metaphors for women leaders. Gender in Management, 31(8), 514-527.

[21]. Sun, Y. T., Du, Z. C., Zhao, G. C., & Li, R. (2016). Gilding abroad, high salary at home? Financial Research, (11), 174-190.

[22]. Zweig, D., & Han, D. (2010). Sea turtles’ or ‘seaweed?’the employment of overseas returnees in China’. The internationalization of labour markets, 89-104.

[23]. Feng, W. Q., & Fan, Y. Y. (2017). Weakening and Reflection on the Social Stratification Function of Study Abroad Education: An Analysis Based on the Employment Status of Returnees. Modern Educational Science, (08), 1-7.

[24]. Ellemers, N. (2018). Gender stereotypes. Annual Review of Psychology, 69, 275-298.

[25]. Lu, Y. L. (2017). Investigation of the Current Situation of Gender Discrimination in the Workplace. Business and Trade Practice, (11), 307+309.

Cite this article

Xiong,Y. (2023). Research on the Results of Chinese Women’s Overseas Higher Education from the Perspective of Educational Equity: An Analysis of Employment Status among Returnees. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,21,101-108.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

Disclaimer/Publisher's Note

The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Global Politics and Socio-Humanities

ISBN：978-1-83558-121-6(Print) / 978-1-83558-122-3(Online)
Editor：Javier Cifuentes-Faura, Enrique Mallen
Conference website: https://www.icgpsh.org/
Conference date: 13 October 2023
Series: Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
Volume number: Vol.21
ISSN：2753-7048(Print) / 2753-7056(Online)

© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open access policy for details).

References

[1]. Cheng, W. D. (2022). Analysis of Employment Discrimination against Female College Students. Employment and Security, (04), 30-32.

[2]. Zhai, K., Moskal, M., & Read, B. (2021). Compelled to Compete: Chinese graduates on employment and social mobility after international and domestic study. International Journal of Educational Development, 84, 102432.

[3]. Chai, X. Y. (2019). Strengthening English Reading Training to Improve Exam Performance. Campus English, (24), 101.

[4]. Zhao, J., Wei, C., & Li, J. (2023). Is the research performance of Chinese returnees better than that of their local counterparts?. Scientometrics, 128(5), 3091-3105.

[5]. He, G., & Zhou, M. (2018). Gender difference in early occupational attainment: The roles of study field, gender norms, and gender attitudes. Chinese Sociological Review, 50(3), 339-366.

[6]. Li, H., & Wang, L. B. (2020). Fair Compensation and Prospects for Higher Education Enrollment Opportunities. Journal of Yangzhou University (Higher Education Research Edition), 26(6).

[7]. Dong, Z. F., & Wang, W. D. (2011). Retrospect and Reflection on the Research of Equity in Higher Education Process in China. Academic Forum, (10), 193-199.

[8]. Li, J. H., & Nie, J. B. (2013). The Influence of Social Stratification on the Equity of Higher Education Outcomes. China Electric Power Education, (01), 4-5.

[9]. Chen, Z. (2017). Reflections on Equality in Higher Education Process from the Perspective of Social Stratification Theory. Modernizing Education, (34), 136-137.

[10]. Kang, Y. B. (2020). Research on Phenomenon, Causes, and Countermeasures of Employment Discrimination against Female College Students. Journal of Yichun University, (05), 25-28+97.

[11]. Shen, W., & Jiang, J. (2023). Institutional prestige, academic supervision and research productivity of international PhD students: Evidence from Chinese returnees. Journal of Sociology, 59(2), 552-579.

[12]. Hao, X., Yan, K., Guo, S., & Wang, M. (2017). Chinese returnees' motivation, post-return status and impact of return: A systematic review. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, 26(1), 143-157.

[13]. Sassler, S., Glass, J., Levitte, Y., & Michelmore, K. M. (2017). The missing women in STEM? Assessing gender differentials in the factors associated with transition to first jobs. Social Science Research, 63, 192-208.

[14]. Stamarski, C. S., & Son Hing, L. S. (2015). Gender inequalities in the workplace: The effects of organizational structures, processes, practices, and decision makers' sexism. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1400.

[15]. Li, X. Y., & Li, A. (2019). Analysis and Suggestions on Gender Discrimination Issues in Job Search for College Students. Journal of Gansu Normal Colleges, (06), 135-138.

[16]. Zhang, J., Jin, S., Li, T., & Wang, H. (2021). Gender discrimination in China: Experimental evidence from the job market for college graduates. Journal of Comparative Economics, 49(3), 819-835.

[17]. Mok, K. H., Han, X., Jiang, J., & Zhang, X. (2017). International and transnational education for whose interests? A study on the career development of Chinese students. Higher Education Quarterly, 72, 208-223.

[18]. Bourdieu, P., & Wacquant, L. (2013). Symbolic capital and social classes. Journal of classical sociology, 13(2), 292-302.

[19]. Li, X. (2022). Career Development Dilemmas of Chinese Women Leaders. Qin Zhi, (07), 126-128.

[20]. Carli, L. L., & Eagly, A. H. (2016). Women face a labyrinth: An examination of metaphors for women leaders. Gender in Management, 31(8), 514-527.

[21]. Sun, Y. T., Du, Z. C., Zhao, G. C., & Li, R. (2016). Gilding abroad, high salary at home? Financial Research, (11), 174-190.

[22]. Zweig, D., & Han, D. (2010). Sea turtles’ or ‘seaweed?’the employment of overseas returnees in China’. The internationalization of labour markets, 89-104.

[23]. Feng, W. Q., & Fan, Y. Y. (2017). Weakening and Reflection on the Social Stratification Function of Study Abroad Education: An Analysis Based on the Employment Status of Returnees. Modern Educational Science, (08), 1-7.

[24]. Ellemers, N. (2018). Gender stereotypes. Annual Review of Psychology, 69, 275-298.

[25]. Lu, Y. L. (2017). Investigation of the Current Situation of Gender Discrimination in the Workplace. Business and Trade Practice, (11), 307+309.

For authors
Guide for authors Policies for authors Aims and scope Subscription Open access policy
For editors
Policies for editors Editorial board
For reviewers
Policies for reviewers Privacy policy

Cookies are used by this site.
Copyright © 2024 EWA Publishing, its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.