Research on factors associated with lung cancer

Research Article
Open access

Research on factors associated with lung cancer

Yueyang Jin 1* , Yudi Qiao 2 , Haiqing Yang 3
  • 1 Case Western Reserve University    
  • 2 The High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China    
  • 3 Shijiazhuang Foreign Language School    
  • *corresponding author yxj606@case.edu
Published on 3 August 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/6/20230229
TNS Vol.6
ISSN (Print): 2753-8826
ISSN (Online): 2753-8818
ISBN (Print): 978-1-915371-65-2
ISBN (Online): 978-1-915371-66-9

Abstract

Lung cancer has become one of the most widely infected cancers around the world and is getting more attention from scientists and the public. Thus, based on the dataset Lung Cancer uploaded on Kaggle in 2022, this paper reviews previous research on risk factors about their effects and mechanisms on lung cancer. Besides, by transforming categorical variables into numerical ones and using chi-square tests of independence, this paper examines whether independent variables in the dataset are associated with lung cancer development. This paper finds that variables ‘gender’, ‘smoking’, ‘chronic disease’ and ‘shortness of breath’ are not tested associated with lung cancer development; variable ‘yellow finger’ and the other nine independent variables are tested as factors contributing to lung cancer. Identifying these risk factors and analyzing their mechanisms can effectively help people prevent lung cancer and support the development of lung cancer treatment.

Keywords:

lung cancer, risk factors, chi-square tests

Jin,Y.;Qiao,Y.;Yang,H. (2023). Research on factors associated with lung cancer. Theoretical and Natural Science,6,217-228.
Export citation

References

[1]. American thoracic society. Lung Cancer - (n.d.). Retrieved January 30, 2023, from https://www.thoracic.org/patients/patient-resources/resources/lung-cancer-intro.pdf

[2]. Outdoor Air Pollution and cancer: An overview of the current evidence. Retrieved January 30, 2023, from https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.3322/caac.21632

[3]. Smoking as a risk factor for lung cancer in women and men. Retrieved January 30, 2023, from https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/8/10/e021611.full.pdf

[4]. American Cancer Society. Study: Young women now have higher rates for lung cancer than men worldwide. (2020, February 14). Retrieved January 31, 2023. from https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/study-young-women-now-have-higher-rate-for-lung-cancer-than-men-worldwide.html

[5]. What is lung cancer? Types of Lung Cancer. Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/lung-cancer/about/what-is.html

[6]. Juan Sentana. Tests for independence between categorical variables. Economics Letters,Volume 220,2022,110850,ISSN 0165-1765.

[7]. Why Men get cancer more than Women and How they can manage their risk - City of Hope(2022 February 9). Retrieved February 21, 2023, from https://www.cancercenter.com/community/blog/2022/02/men-and-cancer-risk

[8]. Lawrence A. Loeb, Virginia L. Emster, Kenneth E. Warner, John Abbotts, John Laszlo. Smoking and Lung Cancer: An Overview. Cancer Research 44,5940-5958, December 1984.

[9]. Zhenghong Yu. Factors contributing to decrease in human immunity. Open books for good (Seeking medical advice),2011(12):40.

[10]. MedicineNet. Can a Weak Immune System Cause Cancer? 11/29/2021. From: https://www.medicinenet.com/can_a_weak_immune_system_cause_cancer/article.html

[11]. Poller WC, Downey J, Mooslechner AA; et al. Brain motor and fear circuits regulate leukocytes during acute stress [published online ahead of print, 2022 May 30]. Nature. 2022;10.1038/s41586-022-04890-z. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04890-z

[12]. Park HY, Kang D, Shin SH, Yoo KH, Rhee CK, Suh GY, Kim H, Shim YM, Guallar E, Cho J, Kwon OJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer incidence in never smokers: a cohort study. Thorax. 2020 Jun;75(6):506-509.

[13]. Engels EA, Shen M, Chapman RS; et al. Tuberculosis and subsequent risk of lung cancer in Xuanwei, China. Int J Cancer 2009;124: 1183-11837.

[14]. Laney AS, Weissman DN. The classic pneumoconioses: new epidemiological and laboratory observations. Clin Chest Med 2012;33:745-58

[15]. Lung Cancer Symptoms: Coughing, Wheezing, and More - healthline(2021 September 6). Retrieved February 21, 2023, from https://www.healthline.com/health/lung-cancer-symptoms

[16]. How Alcohol Affects Lung Cancer Risk and Outcomes -- verywellhealth(2022 November 28). Retrieved February 21, 2023 from https://www.verywellhealth.com/alcohol-and-lung-cancer-risk-2248986

[17]. Lung Cancer -- Symptoms and causes -- Mayo Clinic(n.d). Retrieved February 21, 2023 from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lung-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20374620.

Cite this article

Jin,Y.;Qiao,Y.;Yang,H. (2023). Research on factors associated with lung cancer. Theoretical and Natural Science,6,217-228.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

Disclaimer/Publisher's Note

The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Modern Medicine and Global Health (ICMMGH 2023)

ISBN：978-1-915371-65-2(Print) / 978-1-915371-66-9(Online)
Editor：Tooba Mahboob, Sheiladevi Sukumaran
Conference website: https://www.icmmgh.org/
Conference date: 15 April 2023
Series: Theoretical and Natural Science
Volume number: Vol.6
ISSN：2753-8818(Print) / 2753-8826(Online)

© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open access policy for details).

References

[1]. American thoracic society. Lung Cancer - (n.d.). Retrieved January 30, 2023, from https://www.thoracic.org/patients/patient-resources/resources/lung-cancer-intro.pdf

[2]. Outdoor Air Pollution and cancer: An overview of the current evidence. Retrieved January 30, 2023, from https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.3322/caac.21632

[3]. Smoking as a risk factor for lung cancer in women and men. Retrieved January 30, 2023, from https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/8/10/e021611.full.pdf

[4]. American Cancer Society. Study: Young women now have higher rates for lung cancer than men worldwide. (2020, February 14). Retrieved January 31, 2023. from https://www.cancer.org/latest-news/study-young-women-now-have-higher-rate-for-lung-cancer-than-men-worldwide.html

[5]. What is lung cancer? Types of Lung Cancer. Retrieved January 31, 2023, from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/lung-cancer/about/what-is.html

[6]. Juan Sentana. Tests for independence between categorical variables. Economics Letters,Volume 220,2022,110850,ISSN 0165-1765.

[7]. Why Men get cancer more than Women and How they can manage their risk - City of Hope(2022 February 9). Retrieved February 21, 2023, from https://www.cancercenter.com/community/blog/2022/02/men-and-cancer-risk

[8]. Lawrence A. Loeb, Virginia L. Emster, Kenneth E. Warner, John Abbotts, John Laszlo. Smoking and Lung Cancer: An Overview. Cancer Research 44,5940-5958, December 1984.

[9]. Zhenghong Yu. Factors contributing to decrease in human immunity. Open books for good (Seeking medical advice),2011(12):40.

[10]. MedicineNet. Can a Weak Immune System Cause Cancer? 11/29/2021. From: https://www.medicinenet.com/can_a_weak_immune_system_cause_cancer/article.html

[11]. Poller WC, Downey J, Mooslechner AA; et al. Brain motor and fear circuits regulate leukocytes during acute stress [published online ahead of print, 2022 May 30]. Nature. 2022;10.1038/s41586-022-04890-z. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04890-z

[12]. Park HY, Kang D, Shin SH, Yoo KH, Rhee CK, Suh GY, Kim H, Shim YM, Guallar E, Cho J, Kwon OJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer incidence in never smokers: a cohort study. Thorax. 2020 Jun;75(6):506-509.

[13]. Engels EA, Shen M, Chapman RS; et al. Tuberculosis and subsequent risk of lung cancer in Xuanwei, China. Int J Cancer 2009;124: 1183-11837.

[14]. Laney AS, Weissman DN. The classic pneumoconioses: new epidemiological and laboratory observations. Clin Chest Med 2012;33:745-58

[15]. Lung Cancer Symptoms: Coughing, Wheezing, and More - healthline(2021 September 6). Retrieved February 21, 2023, from https://www.healthline.com/health/lung-cancer-symptoms

[16]. How Alcohol Affects Lung Cancer Risk and Outcomes -- verywellhealth(2022 November 28). Retrieved February 21, 2023 from https://www.verywellhealth.com/alcohol-and-lung-cancer-risk-2248986

[17]. Lung Cancer -- Symptoms and causes -- Mayo Clinic(n.d). Retrieved February 21, 2023 from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lung-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20374620.

For authors
Guide for authors Policies for authors Aims and scope Subscription Open access policy
For editors
Policies for editors Editorial board
For reviewers
Policies for reviewers Privacy policy

Cookies are used by this site.
Copyright © 2024 EWA Publishing, its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.