CRISPR/Cas9 technology has brought revolution to the field of gene editing, offering precise and efficient tools for genetic modifications. One of its most promising applications lies in improving CAR-T cell therapy for treating hematological malignancies. Among approaches to treating blood cancers, CAR-T therapy, which programs T cells to recognize and eliminate cancer cells, has shown some success for B-cell malignancies such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, challenges such as immune evasion, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and limited CAR-T persistence remain significant barriers. CRISPR/Cas9 can optimize CAR-T therapy by precisely inserting CAR genes into specific loci, knocking out inhibitory genes like PD-1 to enhance persistence, and enabling multi-targeting strategies to overcome tumor immune escape. Clinical trials demonstrate the feasibility and potential of CRISPR-edited CAR-T cells, showing improved safety, durability, and efficacy. This study explores the synergistic application of CRISPR/Cas9 in CAR-T therapy, addressing its current limitations and providing a pathway to safer and more effective treatments for hematological malignancies

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With global climate change and increasing environmental pollution, plants are facing increasingly severe abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinization and heavy metal pollution. These stresses not only affect plant growth and development, but also pose a threat to agricultural production and ecosystem stability. In order to adapt to these unfavorable environments, plants have evolved a series of complex response mechanisms, among which epigenetic regulation, as an important means of regulation, has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. By modifying gene expression without modifying the DNA sequence, epigenetic control uses a variety of techniques, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNA). These mechanisms are crucial for plant responses to abiotic stresses and can significantly enhance plant resistance and adaptive capabilities. DNA methylation can enhance plant resistance by controlling the expression of stress response-related genes; histone modification can regulate plant physiological responses by altering the structure of chromatin and affecting the accessibility of genes; and ncRNAs, especially microRNAs and siRNAs, can regulate plant physiological responses by targeting the expression of stress response-related genes. In-depth study of the role of plant epigenetic regulation in abiotic stress response is of great theoretical and practical significance for improving crop resistance and ensuring food security

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Stem cell research has advanced rapidly, offering promising treatments for refractory diseases due to their unique capabilities for self-renewal and pluripotent differentiation. Stem cells play pivotal roles in treating genetic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), cardiovascular conditions, and cancer. In genetic diseases, combining stem cells with gene-editing tools like CRISPR-Cas9 enables precise correction of pathogenic genes, while healthy stem cells repair tissue by replacing diseased cells. For NDDs, iPSCs can differentiate into dopaminergic neurons to replace damaged brain cells and enhance neural regeneration. In cardiovascular diseases, they promote myocardial and vascular repair. In cancer, stem cells boost anti-tumor immunity and deliver drugs directly to tumor sites, improving treatment efficacy. Despite these breakthroughs, challenges persist. High-quality stem cell production is limited, and controlling differentiation to prevent tumorigenesis remains critical. Allogeneic transplants risk immune rejection, and using embryonic stem cells raises ethical concerns. Regulatory frameworks and clinical standards are needed to ensure safety and efficacy, alongside addressing ethical and patient rights issues. With continued innovation, stem cell therapy is going to revolutionize medicine, offering novel methods for complex diseases and improving global health

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Intestinal cancers are always hazardous due to its high morbidity and mortality. Currently, it is known that an error in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is an essential cause of intestinal cancers. After the inhibitors and markers involved in it are especially studied, targeted therapy has already been considered by the scientists. However, there is only overall understanding in Wnt/β-catenin pathway with many detailed mechanisms uncleared, thus no treatments can be put into practice. This article analyses proteins and factors which have the potential of being used as targets of targeted therapy. Besides, essential inhibitors, such as NEDD4 and E7386, of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and how lack of them lead to oncogenesis are introduced. Furthermore, the possibility and examples of targeted medicine is discussed. This review offers a wider view of the entire mechanism of intestinal cancers spurred by Wnt/β-catenin pathways. The article encouraged further research in variable stages, and new breakthrough is purposed for therapy based on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway

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