A Review of the Flexible Robotic Arm

Research Article
Open access

A Review of the Flexible Robotic Arm

Qi Li 1 , Chengfeng Yu 2*
  • 1 Hebei University of Technology    
  • 2 University of Michigan    
  • *corresponding author chengfy@umich.edu
Published on 1 August 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/8/20230165
ACE Vol.8
ISSN (Print): 2755-273X
ISSN (Online): 2755-2721
ISBN (Print): 978-1-915371-63-8
ISBN (Online): 978-1-915371-64-5

Abstract

In the application of the robot, the gripper of the robot is an important medium between robot arm and target. The traditional manipulator hand is mostly rigid, which is easy to damage or unable to clamp the object in the operation process. What are demanded from robotics are no longer limited to just mechanical assistant, more efficient and precise target acquisition of robotics with self-adaptation and self-adjustment have become the tackle key in robot research and design. In this paper, the design of flexible materials, the AI real-time sensing and controlling of flexible manipulator are described, as well as the application and prospects are analyzed. It is intended to provide perspective and direction for the weak interaction between flexible robotic arm and environment, less adaptability and inflexibility in complex environment. In the future, a more advanced, flexible robotic arm can be created that goes even beyond the human arm and contributes to development of the world.

Keywords:

flexible robotic arm, artificial intelligence, flexible manipulator

Li,Q.;Yu,C. (2023). A Review of the Flexible Robotic Arm. Applied and Computational Engineering,8,274-279.
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References

[1]. Dorrance D W. Artificial hand: U.S. Patent 1,042,413. 1912-10-29.

[2]. Šabanović S. Inventing Japan's 'robotics culture': The repeated assembl of science, technology, and culture. Social Studies of Science, 2014Vol. 44(3), 342-367

[3]. Loucks C, Johnson V, Boissiere P, et al. Modeling and control of the Stanford/JPL hand. International Conference on Robotics and Automation. IEEE, 1987, 4: 573-578.

[4]. Mason M T, Salisbury J K.Robot Hands and the Mechanics of Manipulation. USA, Cambridge: MIT Press,1985.

[5]. Jacobsen S C, Knutti D E, et al. UTAH/MIT Dexterous Hand: Work in Prograss. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 1984, 3(4): 21-50

[6]. Catalano M G, Grioli G, et al. Adaptive synergies for the design and control of the Pisa/IIT SoftHand. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 2014, 33(5):768-782.

[7]. Chella A., Iocchi L., Macaluso I., and Nardi D., “Artificial Intelligence and Robotics,” Contributi Scientifici, Anno III, N 1/2, Marzo–Giugno, 2006.

[8]. Tutorialspoint, Artificial Intelligence: Intelligence Systems, Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd., 2015.

[9]. Kaufmann J., Bhovad P., and Li S. Harnessing the Multistability of Kresling Origami for Reconfigurable Articulation in Soft Robotic Arms, Soft Robot. 2021:1–12

[10]. Guo, J., Chen, Z., Wang, Q. et al. Introduction to the focused section on flexible mechatronics for robotics. Int J Intell Robot 2021, 5, 283–28

[11]. Hentout A, Aouache M, et al. Human–robot interaction in industrial collaborative robotics: a literature review of the decade 2008-2017. Advanced Robotics, 2019 33 (2): 764-799.

[12]. A. Bicchi and G. Tonietti, "Fast and "soft-arm" tactics [robot arm design]," in IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine, 2004, 11(2): 22-3

[13]. Ishii C, Kobayashi K. Development of a New Robotic Forceps Manipulator for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Its Control. SICE-ICASE International Joint Conf., 2006:250-253.

[14]. Ilievski F, Mazzeo D, et al.Soft Robotics for Chemists. Angewandte Chemie Inter. Edition, 2011(50):

[15]. Tincani V, Catalano G, et al, Velvet fin-gers: A dexterous grip

[16]. Mitsui K, Ozawar, Kou T. An under-actuated robotic hand for multiple grasps. International Conference on Intelligent Robots & Systems, Tokyo:

[17]. Zhao H, Brien O, et al. Optoelectronically innervated soft prosthetic hand via stretchable optical waveguides. Science Robotics, 2016, 1(01): 1-10

[18]. Duduta M, Zhao H, and Clarke D R. Realizing the potential of dielectric elastomer artificial muscles. PNAS, January 24, 2019, 116 (7)

[19]. Tondu B, and Lopez P. Modeling and control of mckibben artificial muscle robot actuators, IEEE Control Syst. 2000, 20(2): 15-38

[20]. Cui Y, Liu X. -J, et al.Enhancing the Universality of a Pneumatic Gripper via Continuously Adjustable Initial Grasp Postures, IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 2021,37(5):

[21]. McCarthy J. WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE? Computer Science Department, Stanford, CA 94305. http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/ 2004 N

[22]. Banerjee, H.; Suhail, M.; Ren, H. Hydrogel Actuators and Sensors for Biomedical Soft Robots: Brief Overview with Impending Challenges. Biomimetics 2018, 3,

[23]. Kim D, Kim S-H, et al. Review of machine learning methods in soft robotics. PLoS ONE 2021, 16(2): e0246102.

[24]. H – Bhagat S, Banerjee H, et al. Deep Reinforcement Learning for Soft, Flexible Robots: Brief Review with Impending Challenges. Robotics 2019, 8, 4

[25]. Wang, J. and Chortos, A. Control Strategies for Soft Robot Systems. Adv. Intell. Syst., 2022, 4: 2100165.

[26]. Morimoto R., Nishikawa S., et al. "Model-Free Reinforcement Learning with Ensemble for a Soft Continuum Robot Arm," 2021 IEEE 4th I C on Soft Robotics, USA. 2021, 141-148

[27]. Zhang, J., Tai L, Xiong Y et al Vr-Goggles for Robots: Real-to-Sim Domain Adaptation for Visual Control. arXiv 2018, arXiv:1802.00265.

[28]. George T, Renda F, Lida F. First-order dynamic modeling and control of soft robots. Front. Robot. AI

[29]. Youssef, S.M.; Soliman, M, et al. Underwater Soft Robotics: A Review of Bioinspiration in Design, Actuation, Modeling, and Control. Micromachines 2022, 13, 110.

[30]. Webster, R.J., III; Jones, B.A. Design and kinematic modeling of constant curvature continuum robots: A review. Int. J. Robot. Res. 2010, 29, 1661–1683.

[31]. Armanini C., Boyer F., et al. Soft Robots Modeling: A Structured Overview, in IEEE Transactions on Robotics, doi: 10.1109/TRO.2022.3231360.

[32]. Mariappan M, Ganesan T, et al. A design methodology of a flexible robotic arm vision system for OTOROB, 2010 I C on Mechanical and Electrical Technology, Singapore, 2010, 161- 164.

[33]. Watanabe G, Ishikawa N. [da Vinci surgical system]. Kyobu geka. The Japanese Journal of Thoracic Surgery. 2014 Jul; 67(8): 686-689

[34]. Khan, Z H, Afifa S, et al. Robotics Utilization for Healthcare Digitization in Global COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020, 17(11): 38

[35]. Xu K, Zhao J, Fu M. Development of the SJTU unfoldable robotic system for single port laparoscopy. IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2015, 20(5):

[36]. Fujisawa Y,Kiguchi K, et al. Compact 4DOF robotic forceps with 3.5 mm in diameter for neurosurgery based on a synthetic elastic structure. International Symposium on Micro- nanomechatronics and Human Science. Nagoya, Japan: IEEE,

[37]. Zhang Y, Lu M. A review of recent advancements in soft and flexible robots for medical applications. Int J Med Robotics Computer Assist Surg. 2020; 16:

[38]. Matulis M, Harvey C, A robot arm digital twin utilizing reinforcement learning, Computers & Graphics, Volume 95,2021, 106-114

[39]. Xie, D, Chen, L, et al. Actuators and Sensors for Application in Agricultural Robots: A Review. Machines 2022,

[40]. Huang Z, Sklar E, et al. Design of Automatic Strawberry Harvest Robot Suitable in Complex Environments. ACM/IEEE I C on Human-Robot Interaction

[41]. Foglia, M.M. and Reina, G. Agricultural robot for radicchio harvesting. J. Field Robotics, 2006 23:

[42]. Oliveira, P, Moreira, P, Silva F. Advances in Agriculture Robotics: A State-of-the-Art Review and Challenges Ahead. Robotics 2021, 10, 5

[43]. Rahul, R, Vikas P, Design and development of a 5R 2DOF parallel robot arm in a vegetable transplanter, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2019(166),105014.


Cite this article

Li,Q.;Yu,C. (2023). A Review of the Flexible Robotic Arm. Applied and Computational Engineering,8,274-279.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Volume title: Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Software Engineering and Machine Learning

ISBN:978-1-915371-63-8(Print) / 978-1-915371-64-5(Online)
Editor:Anil Fernando, Marwan Omar
Conference website: http://www.confseml.org
Conference date: 19 April 2023
Series: Applied and Computational Engineering
Volume number: Vol.8
ISSN:2755-2721(Print) / 2755-273X(Online)

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References

[1]. Dorrance D W. Artificial hand: U.S. Patent 1,042,413. 1912-10-29.

[2]. Šabanović S. Inventing Japan's 'robotics culture': The repeated assembl of science, technology, and culture. Social Studies of Science, 2014Vol. 44(3), 342-367

[3]. Loucks C, Johnson V, Boissiere P, et al. Modeling and control of the Stanford/JPL hand. International Conference on Robotics and Automation. IEEE, 1987, 4: 573-578.

[4]. Mason M T, Salisbury J K.Robot Hands and the Mechanics of Manipulation. USA, Cambridge: MIT Press,1985.

[5]. Jacobsen S C, Knutti D E, et al. UTAH/MIT Dexterous Hand: Work in Prograss. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 1984, 3(4): 21-50

[6]. Catalano M G, Grioli G, et al. Adaptive synergies for the design and control of the Pisa/IIT SoftHand. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 2014, 33(5):768-782.

[7]. Chella A., Iocchi L., Macaluso I., and Nardi D., “Artificial Intelligence and Robotics,” Contributi Scientifici, Anno III, N 1/2, Marzo–Giugno, 2006.

[8]. Tutorialspoint, Artificial Intelligence: Intelligence Systems, Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd., 2015.

[9]. Kaufmann J., Bhovad P., and Li S. Harnessing the Multistability of Kresling Origami for Reconfigurable Articulation in Soft Robotic Arms, Soft Robot. 2021:1–12

[10]. Guo, J., Chen, Z., Wang, Q. et al. Introduction to the focused section on flexible mechatronics for robotics. Int J Intell Robot 2021, 5, 283–28

[11]. Hentout A, Aouache M, et al. Human–robot interaction in industrial collaborative robotics: a literature review of the decade 2008-2017. Advanced Robotics, 2019 33 (2): 764-799.

[12]. A. Bicchi and G. Tonietti, "Fast and "soft-arm" tactics [robot arm design]," in IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine, 2004, 11(2): 22-3

[13]. Ishii C, Kobayashi K. Development of a New Robotic Forceps Manipulator for Minimally Invasive Surgery and Its Control. SICE-ICASE International Joint Conf., 2006:250-253.

[14]. Ilievski F, Mazzeo D, et al.Soft Robotics for Chemists. Angewandte Chemie Inter. Edition, 2011(50):

[15]. Tincani V, Catalano G, et al, Velvet fin-gers: A dexterous grip

[16]. Mitsui K, Ozawar, Kou T. An under-actuated robotic hand for multiple grasps. International Conference on Intelligent Robots & Systems, Tokyo:

[17]. Zhao H, Brien O, et al. Optoelectronically innervated soft prosthetic hand via stretchable optical waveguides. Science Robotics, 2016, 1(01): 1-10

[18]. Duduta M, Zhao H, and Clarke D R. Realizing the potential of dielectric elastomer artificial muscles. PNAS, January 24, 2019, 116 (7)

[19]. Tondu B, and Lopez P. Modeling and control of mckibben artificial muscle robot actuators, IEEE Control Syst. 2000, 20(2): 15-38

[20]. Cui Y, Liu X. -J, et al.Enhancing the Universality of a Pneumatic Gripper via Continuously Adjustable Initial Grasp Postures, IEEE Transactions on Robotics, 2021,37(5):

[21]. McCarthy J. WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE? Computer Science Department, Stanford, CA 94305. http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/ 2004 N

[22]. Banerjee, H.; Suhail, M.; Ren, H. Hydrogel Actuators and Sensors for Biomedical Soft Robots: Brief Overview with Impending Challenges. Biomimetics 2018, 3,

[23]. Kim D, Kim S-H, et al. Review of machine learning methods in soft robotics. PLoS ONE 2021, 16(2): e0246102.

[24]. H – Bhagat S, Banerjee H, et al. Deep Reinforcement Learning for Soft, Flexible Robots: Brief Review with Impending Challenges. Robotics 2019, 8, 4

[25]. Wang, J. and Chortos, A. Control Strategies for Soft Robot Systems. Adv. Intell. Syst., 2022, 4: 2100165.

[26]. Morimoto R., Nishikawa S., et al. "Model-Free Reinforcement Learning with Ensemble for a Soft Continuum Robot Arm," 2021 IEEE 4th I C on Soft Robotics, USA. 2021, 141-148

[27]. Zhang, J., Tai L, Xiong Y et al Vr-Goggles for Robots: Real-to-Sim Domain Adaptation for Visual Control. arXiv 2018, arXiv:1802.00265.

[28]. George T, Renda F, Lida F. First-order dynamic modeling and control of soft robots. Front. Robot. AI

[29]. Youssef, S.M.; Soliman, M, et al. Underwater Soft Robotics: A Review of Bioinspiration in Design, Actuation, Modeling, and Control. Micromachines 2022, 13, 110.

[30]. Webster, R.J., III; Jones, B.A. Design and kinematic modeling of constant curvature continuum robots: A review. Int. J. Robot. Res. 2010, 29, 1661–1683.

[31]. Armanini C., Boyer F., et al. Soft Robots Modeling: A Structured Overview, in IEEE Transactions on Robotics, doi: 10.1109/TRO.2022.3231360.

[32]. Mariappan M, Ganesan T, et al. A design methodology of a flexible robotic arm vision system for OTOROB, 2010 I C on Mechanical and Electrical Technology, Singapore, 2010, 161- 164.

[33]. Watanabe G, Ishikawa N. [da Vinci surgical system]. Kyobu geka. The Japanese Journal of Thoracic Surgery. 2014 Jul; 67(8): 686-689

[34]. Khan, Z H, Afifa S, et al. Robotics Utilization for Healthcare Digitization in Global COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020, 17(11): 38

[35]. Xu K, Zhao J, Fu M. Development of the SJTU unfoldable robotic system for single port laparoscopy. IEEE-ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2015, 20(5):

[36]. Fujisawa Y,Kiguchi K, et al. Compact 4DOF robotic forceps with 3.5 mm in diameter for neurosurgery based on a synthetic elastic structure. International Symposium on Micro- nanomechatronics and Human Science. Nagoya, Japan: IEEE,

[37]. Zhang Y, Lu M. A review of recent advancements in soft and flexible robots for medical applications. Int J Med Robotics Computer Assist Surg. 2020; 16:

[38]. Matulis M, Harvey C, A robot arm digital twin utilizing reinforcement learning, Computers & Graphics, Volume 95,2021, 106-114

[39]. Xie, D, Chen, L, et al. Actuators and Sensors for Application in Agricultural Robots: A Review. Machines 2022,

[40]. Huang Z, Sklar E, et al. Design of Automatic Strawberry Harvest Robot Suitable in Complex Environments. ACM/IEEE I C on Human-Robot Interaction

[41]. Foglia, M.M. and Reina, G. Agricultural robot for radicchio harvesting. J. Field Robotics, 2006 23:

[42]. Oliveira, P, Moreira, P, Silva F. Advances in Agriculture Robotics: A State-of-the-Art Review and Challenges Ahead. Robotics 2021, 10, 5

[43]. Rahul, R, Vikas P, Design and development of a 5R 2DOF parallel robot arm in a vegetable transplanter, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2019(166),105014.