Is ESG a Novel Pricing Risk Factor for the Chinese Stock Markets during COVID-19?
- 1 King’s Business School, King’s College London, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This paper examines the potential of ESG as a novel risk factor, explaining different industry portfolio returns from 2018 to 2021 (including two years of the unique COVID-19 window). The ESG factor(SMU) is designed as the spread between the top 30% high-ESG(Sustainable) group and the bottom 30% low-ESG(Unsustainable) group. Based on empirical evidence from the Chinese stock markets, this paper finds: 1) The ESG factor significantly explains industry returns along with Fama-French three factors; 2) Sustainable portfolios consistently outperform unsustainable groups, particularly during the pandemic period; 3) Modified models with ESG factors slightly outperform the classic FF-3 model according to the GRS F-test; and 4) Industry portfolio returns during COVID-19 are surprisingly higher than in normal times, most likely due to the central bank and government’s Quantitative Easing(QE) policies.
Keywords
ESG Risk Factor, Asset Pricing, China Stock Markets, Fama-French models., COVID-19
[1]. GSIA, Global Sustainable Investment Review 2020. <http://www.gsi-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/GSIR-20201.pdf> 2021.
[2]. China SIF, China Sustainable Investment Review 2021.<https://chinasif.org/products/csir2021> 2022.
[3]. Broadstock, D., Chan, K., Cheng, L. and Wang, X., The role of ESG performance during times of financial crisis: Evidence from COVID-19 in China Finance Research Letters, 38, p.101716. 2021.
[4]. CSI Index. CSI All Share Index. <https://www.csindex.com.cn/#/indices/family/detail?indexCode=000985> 2022.
[5]. Fama, E. and French, K., Common risk factors in the returns on stocks and bonds. Journal of Financial Economics, 33(1), pp. 3-56. 1993.
[6]. Maiti, M., A Critical Review On Evolution of Risk Factors and Factor Models.Journal of Economic Surveys, 34(1), pp.175-184. 2019.
[7]. Gillan, S., Koch, A. and Starks, L., Firms and social responsibility: A review of ESG and CSR research in corporate finance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 66, p.101889. 2021.
[8]. Díaz, V., Ibrushi, D. and Zhao, J., Reconsidering systematic factors during the Covid-19 pandemic – The rising importance of ESG. Finance Research Letters, 38, p.101870. 2021.
[9]. Maiti, M., Is ESG the succeeding risk factor?. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 11(3), pp. 199-213. 2020.
[10]. Lewellen, J., Nagel, S. and Shanken, J., A skeptical appraisal of asset pricing tests. Journal of Financial Economics, 96(2), pp.175-194. 2010.
[11]. Fama, E. and French, K., A five-factor asset pricing model. Journal of Financial Economics, 116(1), pp.1-22. 2015
[12]. Gtarsc.com. CSMAR. <https://www.gtarsc.com/>. 2022.
[13]. Wind. <https://www.wind.com.cn/>. 2022.
[14]. Gibbons, M., Ross, S. and Shanken, J., A Test of the Efficiency of a Given Portfolio. Econometrica, 57(5), p.1121. 1989.
Cite this article
Zhou,W. (2023). Is ESG a Novel Pricing Risk Factor for the Chinese Stock Markets during COVID-19?. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences,3,794-802.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
Disclaimer/Publisher's Note
The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
About volume
Volume title: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Economic Management and Green Development (ICEMGD 2022), Part Ⅰ
© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who
publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this
series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published
version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial
publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and
during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See
Open access policy for details).