Reformation of Dispute Settlement Mechanisms for International Trade Organizations: Ensuring Developing Country Interests

Research Article
Open access

Reformation of Dispute Settlement Mechanisms for International Trade Organizations: Ensuring Developing Country Interests

Jia Zhong 1*
  • 1 Stevenson School, Pebble Beach, CA 93953, The United States    
  • *corresponding author jackzhong821@qq.com
LNEP Vol.4
ISSN (Print): 2753-7056
ISSN (Online): 2753-7048
ISBN (Print): 978-1-915371-33-1
ISBN (Online): 978-1-915371-34-8

Abstract

Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) are frequently advantageous for developing countries and can help them prepare for future trade opportunities provided by the World Trade Organization (WTO). Developing countries face a dilemma when disputes occur within an RTA; the WTO Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) tends to be too costly and inaccessible, while RTA dispute settlement mechanisms (DSM) tend to be underdeveloped and immature. In order to minimize the cost of dispute resolution and better safeguard the interests of developing nations and regional trade agreements, which are frequently more beneficial to developing countries, this paper describes why and how the WTO should change its dispute settlement procedures. It also argues that these systems should be established to make the WTO's dispute resolution mechanisms more effective.

Keywords:

Dispute Settlement Mechanisms, Regional Trade Agreements, WTO, Developing Countries

Zhong,J. (2023). Reformation of Dispute Settlement Mechanisms for International Trade Organizations: Ensuring Developing Country Interests. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,4,128-133.
Export citation

References

[1]. Geneva. 1986. “THE TEXT of the GENERAL AGREEMENT on TARIFFS and TRADE.” https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/gatt47.pdf.

[2]. Zangl, Bernhard. 2008. “Judicialization Matters! A Comparison of Dispute Settlement under GATT and the WTO.” International Studies Quarterly 52 (4): 825–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2008.00528.x.

[3]. WTO. 1995. Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization. https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/04-wto.pdf.

[4]. Viner, Jacob. 1950. The Customs Union Issue. London: Stevens.

[5]. Freund, Caroline L., and Emanuel Ornelas. 2010. “Regional Trade Agreements.” Papers.ssrn.com. Rochester, NY. May 1, 2010. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1612091.

[6]. Kemp M, Wan H. 1976. An elementary proposition concerning the formation of customs unions. J. Int. Econ. 6:95-98

[7]. World Bank. n.d. “Data Catalog.” Datacatalog.worldbank.org. Accessed August 4, 2022. https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0039575.

[8]. WTO. 2016. “Understanding the WTO - Regionalism: Friends or Rivals?” https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/bey1_e.htm.

[9]. Whalley, John. 1998. “Chapter Title: Why Do Countries Seek Regional Trade Agreements?” https://www.nber.org/system/files/chapters/c7820/c7820.pdf.

[10]. Piplani, Gargee. 2022. “The Detriments of Free Trade on Developing Countries.” Journal of Arts and Humanities 11 (1): 38–44. https://doi.org/10.18533/jah.v11i1.2131.

[11]. Southgate, Laura. 2021. “ASEAN: Still the Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality?” Political Science, September, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00323187.2021.1967762.

[12]. Yang, Shanping, and Inmaculada Martinez-Zarzoso. 2014. “A Panel Data Analysis of Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Effects: The Case of ASEAN–China Free Trade Area.” China Economic Review 29 (June): 138–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2014.04.002.

[13]. ASEAN NOW. n.d. “ASEAN’s Economic Growth | ASEAN NOW Report.” https://www.austrade.gov.au/asean-now/why-asean-matters-to-australia/asean-economic-growth/.

[14]. Udomjitpittaya, Wisawawit, and Zuhda Mila Fitriana. 2019. “ASEAN vs. WTO DSM: Overcoming Jurisdiction Issues to Encourage Regional Trade Agreements’ System Efficacy.” Yuridika 35 (2): 407. https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v35i2.16876.

[15]. Anyiwe, L. N., and E. O. Ekhator. 2013. “Developing Countries and the WTO Dispute Resolution System: A Legal Assessment and Review.” Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The) 2 (1): 121–38. https://doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v2i1.

[16]. Bohl, Kristin. 2009. “Problems of Developing Country Access to WTO Dispute Settlement.” Chicago-Kent Journal of International and Comparative Law 9 (1): 131. https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/ckjicl/vol9/iss1/4/.

[17]. Jackson, John H., and William J. Davey. 1986. “Legal Problems of International Economic Relations: Cases Materials and Text on the National and International Regulation of Transnational Economic Relations.” Deepblue.lib.umich.edu, deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/100793.

[18]. NORDSTRÖM, HÅKAN, and GREGORY SHAFFER. 2008. “Access to Justice in the World Trade Organization: A Case for a Small Claims Procedure?” World Trade Review, vol. 7, no. 4, Oct. 2008, pp. 587–640, 10.1017/s1474745608003996.

Cite this article

Zhong,J. (2023). Reformation of Dispute Settlement Mechanisms for International Trade Organizations: Ensuring Developing Country Interests. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,4,128-133.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

Disclaimer/Publisher's Note

The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Interdisciplinary Humanities and Communication Studies (ICIHCS 2022), Part 3

ISBN：978-1-915371-33-1(Print) / 978-1-915371-34-8(Online)
Editor：Muhammad Idrees, Matilde Lafuente-Lechuga
Conference website: https://www.icihcs.org/
Conference date: 18 December 2022
Series: Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
Volume number: Vol.4
ISSN：2753-7048(Print) / 2753-7056(Online)

© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open access policy for details).

References

[1]. Geneva. 1986. “THE TEXT of the GENERAL AGREEMENT on TARIFFS and TRADE.” https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/gatt47.pdf.

[2]. Zangl, Bernhard. 2008. “Judicialization Matters! A Comparison of Dispute Settlement under GATT and the WTO.” International Studies Quarterly 52 (4): 825–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2008.00528.x.

[3]. WTO. 1995. Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization. https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/04-wto.pdf.

[4]. Viner, Jacob. 1950. The Customs Union Issue. London: Stevens.

[5]. Freund, Caroline L., and Emanuel Ornelas. 2010. “Regional Trade Agreements.” Papers.ssrn.com. Rochester, NY. May 1, 2010. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1612091.

[6]. Kemp M, Wan H. 1976. An elementary proposition concerning the formation of customs unions. J. Int. Econ. 6:95-98

[7]. World Bank. n.d. “Data Catalog.” Datacatalog.worldbank.org. Accessed August 4, 2022. https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/search/dataset/0039575.

[8]. WTO. 2016. “Understanding the WTO - Regionalism: Friends or Rivals?” https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/bey1_e.htm.

[9]. Whalley, John. 1998. “Chapter Title: Why Do Countries Seek Regional Trade Agreements?” https://www.nber.org/system/files/chapters/c7820/c7820.pdf.

[10]. Piplani, Gargee. 2022. “The Detriments of Free Trade on Developing Countries.” Journal of Arts and Humanities 11 (1): 38–44. https://doi.org/10.18533/jah.v11i1.2131.

[11]. Southgate, Laura. 2021. “ASEAN: Still the Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality?” Political Science, September, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00323187.2021.1967762.

[12]. Yang, Shanping, and Inmaculada Martinez-Zarzoso. 2014. “A Panel Data Analysis of Trade Creation and Trade Diversion Effects: The Case of ASEAN–China Free Trade Area.” China Economic Review 29 (June): 138–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2014.04.002.

[13]. ASEAN NOW. n.d. “ASEAN’s Economic Growth | ASEAN NOW Report.” https://www.austrade.gov.au/asean-now/why-asean-matters-to-australia/asean-economic-growth/.

[14]. Udomjitpittaya, Wisawawit, and Zuhda Mila Fitriana. 2019. “ASEAN vs. WTO DSM: Overcoming Jurisdiction Issues to Encourage Regional Trade Agreements’ System Efficacy.” Yuridika 35 (2): 407. https://doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v35i2.16876.

[15]. Anyiwe, L. N., and E. O. Ekhator. 2013. “Developing Countries and the WTO Dispute Resolution System: A Legal Assessment and Review.” Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The) 2 (1): 121–38. https://doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v2i1.

[16]. Bohl, Kristin. 2009. “Problems of Developing Country Access to WTO Dispute Settlement.” Chicago-Kent Journal of International and Comparative Law 9 (1): 131. https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/ckjicl/vol9/iss1/4/.

[17]. Jackson, John H., and William J. Davey. 1986. “Legal Problems of International Economic Relations: Cases Materials and Text on the National and International Regulation of Transnational Economic Relations.” Deepblue.lib.umich.edu, deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/100793.

[18]. NORDSTRÖM, HÅKAN, and GREGORY SHAFFER. 2008. “Access to Justice in the World Trade Organization: A Case for a Small Claims Procedure?” World Trade Review, vol. 7, no. 4, Oct. 2008, pp. 587–640, 10.1017/s1474745608003996.

For authors
Guide for authors Policies for authors Aims and scope Subscription Open access policy
For editors
Policies for editors Editorial board
For reviewers
Policies for reviewers Privacy policy

Cookies are used by this site.
Copyright © 2024 EWA Publishing, its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.