
The Use and Effect of VRET on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
- 1 Qingdao Academy
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
With the gradual increase in the number of patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Virtual Reality-based Exposure Therapy has also started using progressively. This article explores how the virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) technique has been used to treat Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder with success, by introducing the causes of it and how virtual reality can be used in treating it, reviewing a variety of experiments which applied VRET to different PTSD patients. It also focused on the comparison between VRET with other therapies and the different effects of VR therapy in different traumas. The end result is that although the technique is very effective for the patient, the therapist still has to choose the right treatment for the patient. Based on the specific causes of PTSD, Virtual Reality technology, or VR is more convenient since its effective uses of modern technology, and safer treatment methods. It should be promoted to more clinical applications.
Keywords
post-traumatic stress disorder, exposure treatment, virtual reality, VRET
[1]. Ptsd United, PTSD statistics, October 19th, 2022. https://ptsdunited.org/ptsd-statistics-2/
[2]. Worldwide prevalence of PTSD, 27th October 2021. https://library.neura.edu.au/ptsd-library/epidemiology-ptsd-library/prevalence-epidemiology-ptsd-library/worldwide-prevalence/
[3]. Maples-Keller, J.L., Bunnell, B.E., Kim, S., & Rothbaum, B.O. (2017) The Use of Virtual Reality Technology in the Treatment of Anxiety and Other Psychiatric Disorders [J]. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, vol.25, no.3, 103–113.
[4]. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, (2013) Fifth Edition, F43.10.
[5]. Rizzo AS& Difede J& Rothbaum BO& Reger G& Spitalnick J& Cukor J& McLay R. (2010) Development and early evaluation of the Virtual Iraq/Afghanistan exposure therapy system for combat-related PTSD [J] Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences., vol.1208, no.1. 114-125.
[6]. Kaczkurkin, A. N., Burton, P. C., Chazin, S. M., Manbeck, A. B., Espensen-Sturges, T., Cooper, S. E., Sponheim, S. R., & Lissek, S. (2017) Neural Substrates of Overgeneralized Conditioned Fear in PTSD [J] The American journal of psychiatry, vol.174, no.2, 125–134.
[7]. Mayo Clinic, Cognitive behavioral therapy, March 16, 2019. September 18th, 2022 https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/cognitive-behavioral-therapy/about/pac-20384610
[8]. Bremner J. D. (1999) Alterations in brain structure and function associated with post-traumatic stress disorder [J] Seminars in clinical neuropsychiatry, vol.4, no.4, 249–255.
[9]. Morey, R. A., Gold, A. L., LaBar, K. S., Beall, S. K., Brown, V. M., Haswell, C. C., Nasser, J. D., Wagner, H. R., McCarthy, G., & Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup (2012) Amygdala volume changes in posttraumatic stress disorder in a large case-controlled veterans group [J] Archives of general psychiatry, vol.69, no.11, 1169–1178.
[10]. Alexander W. (2012) Pharmacotherapy for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder In Combat Veterans: Focus on Antidepressants and Atypical Antipsychotic Agents [J] P & T: a peer-reviewed journal for formulary management, vol.37, no.1, 32–38.
[11]. Sarah Krill Williston, Trauma-focused or non-trauma-focused treatments for PTSD: Which is more effective? August 10th, 2017. https://www.anxiety.org/trauma-focused-treatments-for-post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd
[12]. Powers, M. B., Halpern, J. M., Ferenschak, M. P., Gillihan, S. J., & Foa, E. B. (2010) A meta-analytic review of prolonged exposure for posttraumatic stress disorder [J] Clinical psychology review, vol.30, no.6, 635–641.
[13]. Back, S. E., Killeen, T., Badour, C. L., Flanagan, J. C., Allan, N. P., Ana, E. S., Lozano, B., Korte, K. J., Foa, E. B., & Brady, K. T. (2019) Concurrent treatment of substance use disorders and PTSD using prolonged exposure: A randomized clinical trial in military veterans [J] Addictive behaviors, vol.90, 369–377.
[14]. American Psychological Association, Prolonged Exposure (PE), July 31, 2017. https://www.apa.org/ptsd-guideline/treatments/prolonged-exposure
[15]. Pintado, Isabel Serrano and María del Camino Escolar Llamazares. (2014) Description of the General Procedure of a Stress Inoculation Program to Cope with the Test Anxiety [J] Psychology, vol., no.5, 956-965.
[16]. Spira, J.L., Pyne, J.M., Wiederhold, B.K., Wiederhold, M.D., Graap, K.M., & Rizzo, A.A. (2006) Virtual reality and other experiential therapies for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder [J] Primary psychiatry, vol.13, no.3, 58-64.
[17]. University of Southern California, ALBERT “SKIP” RIZZO, Director for Medical Virtual Reality, https://ict.usc.edu/about-us/leadership/research-leadership/albert-skip-rizzo/
[18]. University of Southern California, Meet Ellie: The Robot Therapist Treating Soldiers with PTSD, October 1, 2016. https://ict.usc.edu/news/meet-ellie-the-robot-therapist-treating-soldiers-with-ptsd/
Cite this article
Dan,Z.A. (2023). The Use and Effect of VRET on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,12,251-255.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
Disclaimer/Publisher's Note
The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
About volume
Volume title: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Educational Innovation and Philosophical Inquiries
© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who
publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this
series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published
version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial
publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and
during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See
Open access policy for details).