References
[1]. Olweus, D. (1999). Sweden. In P. K. Smith, Y. Morita, J. Junger-Tas, D. Olweus, R. Catalano & P. Slee (Eds.), The Nature of School Bullying: A Cross-national Perspective (pp. 7-27). London & New York: Routledge.
[2]. Cross, D., Shaw, T., Hearn, L., Epstein, M., Monks, H., Lester, L., & Thomas, L. (2009). Australian covert bullying prevalence study.
[3]. Smith, P. K. & Sharp, S. (Eds.) (1994). School Bullying: Insights and Perspectives. London: Routledge.
[4]. Bauman, S., Underwood, M. K., & Card, N. A. (2013). Defifinitions: Another perspective and a proposal for beginning with cyberaggression. In S. Bauman, J. Walker, & D. Cross (Eds.), Principles of Cyberbullying Research: Defifinition, Methods, and Measures (pp. 41–45). New York: Routledge.
[5]. Swearer, S. M., Espelage, D., Vaillancourt. T., & Hymel, S. (2010). What can be done about school bullying? Linking research to educational practice. Educational Researcher, 39{l), 38-47.
[6]. Berlan, E. D., Corliss, H. L., Field, A. E., Goodman, E., & Austin, S. B. (2010).Sexual orientation and bullying among adolescents in the growing up today study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(4), 366-371. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth. 2009.10.015.
[7]. Rose, C. A., Monda-Amaya, L. E., & Espelage, D. L. (2011). Bullying perpetration and victimization in special education: A review of the literature.
[8]. Sawyer, A. L., Bradshaw, C. P., & O'Brennan, L. M.(2008). Examining ethnic, gender, and developmental differences in the way children report being a victim of 'bullying' on self-report measures. Journal of Adolescent Health, 43(2), 106-114. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth. 2007.12.011.
[9]. RSM McClure Watters (2011). The Nature and Extent of Pupil Bullying in Schools in the North of Ireland, Volume 56. Bangor, UK: Department of Education for Northern Ireland.
[10]. Mishna, F. (2003). Learning disabilities and bullying: Double jeopardy. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36, 336–347.
[11]. Hugh‐Jones, S., & Smith, P. K. (1999). Self‐reports of short‐and long‐term effects of bullying on children who stammer. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 69(2), 141-158.
[12]. Duncan, N. (1999). Sexual Bullying: Gender Conflflict and Pupil Culture in Secondary Schools. London: Routledge.
[13]. Jennifer, D. (2013). Girls and indirect aggression. In I. Rivers & N. Duncan (Eds.), Bullying: Experiences and Discourses of Sexuality and Gender (pp. 47–59). London and New York, Routledge.
[14]. Williams, S. (2013). Sexual bullying in one local authority. In I. Rivers & N. Duncan (Eds.), Bullying: Experiences and Discourses of Sexuality and Gender (pp. 60–74). London and New York: Routledge.
[15]. Robinson, J. P., Espelage, D. L. & Rivers, I. (2013). Developmental trends in peer victimization and emotional distress in LGB and heterosexual youth. Pediatrics, 131, 423–430.
[16]. Salmivalli, C., Lagerspetz, K., Björkqvist, K., Österman, K., & Kaukiainen, A. (1996). Bullying as a group process: participant roles and their relations to social status within the group. Aggressive Behavior, 22, 1–15.
[17]. Zylch, I., Ortega-Ruiz, R. & del Rey, R. (2015). Scientifific research on bullying and cyberbullying: Where have we been and where are we going. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 23, 1–21.
[18]. Rivers, I., & Noret, N. (2010). ‘I h8 u’: fifindings from a fifive-year study of text and email bullying. British Educational Research Journal, 36, 643–671.
[19]. Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying, its forms and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 376–385.
[20]. Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G. W., Schroeder, A. N., & Lattanner, M. R. (2014). Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin, 140, 1073–1137.
[21]. Bradshaw, C. P., Sawyer, A. L., & O'Brennan, L. M. (2007). Bullying and peer victimization at school: Perceptual differences between students and school staff School Psychology Review, 36(3), 361-382.
[22]. Leff, S. S., Power, T. J., Costigan, T. E., & Manz, P. H. (2003). Assessing the climate of the playground and lunchroom: Implications for bullying prevention programming. School Psychology Review, Í2(3), 418-430.
[23]. DeLara, E. W. (2008). Bullying and aggression on the school bus: School bus drivers' observations and suggestions. Journal of School Violence, 7(3), 48-70.
[24]. Hendershot, C, Dake, J. A., Price, J. H., & Lartey, G. K. (2006). Elementary school nurses' perceptions of student bullying. The Journal of School Nursing, 22(4), 229-236. doi:10.l 177/10598405050220040801.
[25]. Bradshaw, C. P., Waasdorp, T. E.. O'Brennan, L., & Gulemetova, M. (2011). Findings from the National Education Association's nationwide study of bullying: Teachers' and staff members' perspectives on bullying and prevention. Report prepared for the National Education Association, Washington, DC.
[26]. Bradshaw, C, & Figiel, K. (2012). Prevention and intervention for workplace bullying in schools. Washington,DC: National Education Association.
[27]. National Education Association. (2003). The ESProfessionals: An action guide to help you in your professional development. Washington, DC: Author.
Cite this article
Chai,X. (2023). Definition, Intervention and Solutions of School-bullying. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,19,196-201.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
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References
[1]. Olweus, D. (1999). Sweden. In P. K. Smith, Y. Morita, J. Junger-Tas, D. Olweus, R. Catalano & P. Slee (Eds.), The Nature of School Bullying: A Cross-national Perspective (pp. 7-27). London & New York: Routledge.
[2]. Cross, D., Shaw, T., Hearn, L., Epstein, M., Monks, H., Lester, L., & Thomas, L. (2009). Australian covert bullying prevalence study.
[3]. Smith, P. K. & Sharp, S. (Eds.) (1994). School Bullying: Insights and Perspectives. London: Routledge.
[4]. Bauman, S., Underwood, M. K., & Card, N. A. (2013). Defifinitions: Another perspective and a proposal for beginning with cyberaggression. In S. Bauman, J. Walker, & D. Cross (Eds.), Principles of Cyberbullying Research: Defifinition, Methods, and Measures (pp. 41–45). New York: Routledge.
[5]. Swearer, S. M., Espelage, D., Vaillancourt. T., & Hymel, S. (2010). What can be done about school bullying? Linking research to educational practice. Educational Researcher, 39{l), 38-47.
[6]. Berlan, E. D., Corliss, H. L., Field, A. E., Goodman, E., & Austin, S. B. (2010).Sexual orientation and bullying among adolescents in the growing up today study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(4), 366-371. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth. 2009.10.015.
[7]. Rose, C. A., Monda-Amaya, L. E., & Espelage, D. L. (2011). Bullying perpetration and victimization in special education: A review of the literature.
[8]. Sawyer, A. L., Bradshaw, C. P., & O'Brennan, L. M.(2008). Examining ethnic, gender, and developmental differences in the way children report being a victim of 'bullying' on self-report measures. Journal of Adolescent Health, 43(2), 106-114. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth. 2007.12.011.
[9]. RSM McClure Watters (2011). The Nature and Extent of Pupil Bullying in Schools in the North of Ireland, Volume 56. Bangor, UK: Department of Education for Northern Ireland.
[10]. Mishna, F. (2003). Learning disabilities and bullying: Double jeopardy. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36, 336–347.
[11]. Hugh‐Jones, S., & Smith, P. K. (1999). Self‐reports of short‐and long‐term effects of bullying on children who stammer. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 69(2), 141-158.
[12]. Duncan, N. (1999). Sexual Bullying: Gender Conflflict and Pupil Culture in Secondary Schools. London: Routledge.
[13]. Jennifer, D. (2013). Girls and indirect aggression. In I. Rivers & N. Duncan (Eds.), Bullying: Experiences and Discourses of Sexuality and Gender (pp. 47–59). London and New York, Routledge.
[14]. Williams, S. (2013). Sexual bullying in one local authority. In I. Rivers & N. Duncan (Eds.), Bullying: Experiences and Discourses of Sexuality and Gender (pp. 60–74). London and New York: Routledge.
[15]. Robinson, J. P., Espelage, D. L. & Rivers, I. (2013). Developmental trends in peer victimization and emotional distress in LGB and heterosexual youth. Pediatrics, 131, 423–430.
[16]. Salmivalli, C., Lagerspetz, K., Björkqvist, K., Österman, K., & Kaukiainen, A. (1996). Bullying as a group process: participant roles and their relations to social status within the group. Aggressive Behavior, 22, 1–15.
[17]. Zylch, I., Ortega-Ruiz, R. & del Rey, R. (2015). Scientifific research on bullying and cyberbullying: Where have we been and where are we going. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 23, 1–21.
[18]. Rivers, I., & Noret, N. (2010). ‘I h8 u’: fifindings from a fifive-year study of text and email bullying. British Educational Research Journal, 36, 643–671.
[19]. Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008). Cyberbullying, its forms and impact in secondary school pupils. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49, 376–385.
[20]. Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G. W., Schroeder, A. N., & Lattanner, M. R. (2014). Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin, 140, 1073–1137.
[21]. Bradshaw, C. P., Sawyer, A. L., & O'Brennan, L. M. (2007). Bullying and peer victimization at school: Perceptual differences between students and school staff School Psychology Review, 36(3), 361-382.
[22]. Leff, S. S., Power, T. J., Costigan, T. E., & Manz, P. H. (2003). Assessing the climate of the playground and lunchroom: Implications for bullying prevention programming. School Psychology Review, Í2(3), 418-430.
[23]. DeLara, E. W. (2008). Bullying and aggression on the school bus: School bus drivers' observations and suggestions. Journal of School Violence, 7(3), 48-70.
[24]. Hendershot, C, Dake, J. A., Price, J. H., & Lartey, G. K. (2006). Elementary school nurses' perceptions of student bullying. The Journal of School Nursing, 22(4), 229-236. doi:10.l 177/10598405050220040801.
[25]. Bradshaw, C. P., Waasdorp, T. E.. O'Brennan, L., & Gulemetova, M. (2011). Findings from the National Education Association's nationwide study of bullying: Teachers' and staff members' perspectives on bullying and prevention. Report prepared for the National Education Association, Washington, DC.
[26]. Bradshaw, C, & Figiel, K. (2012). Prevention and intervention for workplace bullying in schools. Washington,DC: National Education Association.
[27]. National Education Association. (2003). The ESProfessionals: An action guide to help you in your professional development. Washington, DC: Author.