References
[1]. Juan Linz, The Perils of Presidentialism, Journal of Democracy (1:1, Winter 1990), pp.51- 69.
[2]. Cheibub, J. A. (2007). Presidentialism, parliamentarism, and democracy. Cambridge University Press.
[3]. Weaver, R. K. (1985). Are Parliamentary Systems Better? The Brookings Review, 3(4), 16-25.
[4]. Ostwald, Kai, & Oliver, Steven. (2020). Four arenas: Malaysia’s 2018 election, reform, and democratization. Democratization, 27(4), 1-19.
[5]. Teoh, S. (2018). Malaysia GE: Opposition coalition Pakatan Harapan set to form govt after winning simple majority. The Strait Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysia-ge-mahathir-claims-victory-but-unconfirmed-by-ec
[6]. Head, J. (2020). How Malaysia’s government collapsed in two years. British Broadcasting Corporation. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-51716474.amp
[7]. Bäck, H., & Carroll, R. (2018). Polarization and gridlock in parliamentary regimes. The Legislative Scholar, 3(1), 2-5.
[8]. Myerson, R. B. (2004). Political Economics and the Weimar Disaster. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 160(2), 187-209.
[9]. Higashijima, Masaaki and Kasuya, Yuko, The Peril of Parliamentarism? Executive-Legislative Relations and the Transition to Democracy from Electoral Authoritarian Rule (2014). APSA 2014 Annual Meeting Paper.
[10]. Tan, Netina, & Grofman, Bernard. (2018). Electoral rules and manufacturing legislative supermajority: Evidence from Singapore. Commonwealth & Comparative Politics, 56(3), 273-297.
[11]. Clark, C. (2002). Lee Teng-Hui and the emergence of a competitive party system in Taiwan. The American Asian Review, 20(2), 1.
[12]. Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p535.
Cite this article
Yang,M. (2023). The Perils of Parliamentarism in Contrast to Presidentialism in Democratic Transition. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,21,20-24.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
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References
[1]. Juan Linz, The Perils of Presidentialism, Journal of Democracy (1:1, Winter 1990), pp.51- 69.
[2]. Cheibub, J. A. (2007). Presidentialism, parliamentarism, and democracy. Cambridge University Press.
[3]. Weaver, R. K. (1985). Are Parliamentary Systems Better? The Brookings Review, 3(4), 16-25.
[4]. Ostwald, Kai, & Oliver, Steven. (2020). Four arenas: Malaysia’s 2018 election, reform, and democratization. Democratization, 27(4), 1-19.
[5]. Teoh, S. (2018). Malaysia GE: Opposition coalition Pakatan Harapan set to form govt after winning simple majority. The Strait Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysia-ge-mahathir-claims-victory-but-unconfirmed-by-ec
[6]. Head, J. (2020). How Malaysia’s government collapsed in two years. British Broadcasting Corporation. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-51716474.amp
[7]. Bäck, H., & Carroll, R. (2018). Polarization and gridlock in parliamentary regimes. The Legislative Scholar, 3(1), 2-5.
[8]. Myerson, R. B. (2004). Political Economics and the Weimar Disaster. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 160(2), 187-209.
[9]. Higashijima, Masaaki and Kasuya, Yuko, The Peril of Parliamentarism? Executive-Legislative Relations and the Transition to Democracy from Electoral Authoritarian Rule (2014). APSA 2014 Annual Meeting Paper.
[10]. Tan, Netina, & Grofman, Bernard. (2018). Electoral rules and manufacturing legislative supermajority: Evidence from Singapore. Commonwealth & Comparative Politics, 56(3), 273-297.
[11]. Clark, C. (2002). Lee Teng-Hui and the emergence of a competitive party system in Taiwan. The American Asian Review, 20(2), 1.
[12]. Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p535.