Potential Aetiologies of PTSD and Possible Interventions and Treatment

Research Article
Open access

Potential Aetiologies of PTSD and Possible Interventions and Treatment

Ziyi He 1*
  • 1 University of Birmingham    
  • *corresponding author zxh175@student.bham.ac.uk
Published on 20 November 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/23/20230442
LNEP Vol.23
ISSN (Print): 2753-7056
ISSN (Online): 2753-7048
ISBN (Print): 978-1-83558-125-4
ISBN (Online): 978-1-83558-126-1

Abstract

Passive-traumatic stress disorder is a disorder frequently appeared in the world. The percentage of individuals who have this disorder is specifically high. In this paper, the causes and possible treatment for PTSD is investigated. The cause of PTSD is explored from two dimensions as social and individual angles. Such as personality or growing environment of an individual could be decisive or critical for whether this individual will suffer from PTSD. Potential intervention and treating methods are discussed and concluded from multiple studies reviewed. As an example, Mindfulness-Based Resilience Training (MBRT) could successfully help police officers being more relax and relief from their depression and anxiety in their work. This paper objectives to explore more studies to help scholars to investigate treatment of PTSD. Moreover, this paper could be helpful to other researchers who investigate on similar topic and researching answers. There could be more specific and generalized research made into methods and treatment for PTSD. Overall, there is a bright future for those PTSD patients, more and more treatments and methods will be discovered and found.

Keywords:

PTSD, treatment, mental disorders, pharmacotherapy, dynamic psychotherapy

He,Z. (2023). Potential Aetiologies of PTSD and Possible Interventions and Treatment. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,23,208-214.
Export citation

References

[1]. Miller, M.L., Bagley, J.M., Normand, P. et al. (2020). Increasing Mindfulness Skills of Veterans with PTSD Through Daily Mindfulness Training Incorporated into an Intensive Treatment Program. Mindfulness 11, 964–974. https://doi-org.bham-ezproxy.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01326-5

[2]. Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., Segal, Z. V., Abbey, S., Speca, M., Velting, D., & Devins, G. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 230–241. https://doi-org.bham-ezproxy.idm.oclc.org/10.1093/clipsy.bph077.

[3]. Widom, C. S. (2012). Trauma, psychopathology, and violence: Causes, consequences, or correlates? Oxford University Press, Incorporated.

[4]. Brewin C. R. Kleiner J. S. Vasterling J. J. Field A. P. (2007). Memory for emotionally neutral information in posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analytic investigation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116, 448 – 463. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.116.3.448.

[5]. Brewin, C. R., Lanius, R. A., Novac, A., Schnyder, U., & Galea, S. (2009). Reformulating PTSD for DSM-V: Life after Criterion A. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 366–373. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20443

[6]. Kilpatrick, D. G., Resnick, H. S., Freedy, J. R., Pelcovitz, D., Resick, P., Roth, S., & van der Kolk, B. (1998). The posttraumatic stress disorder field trial: Evaluation of the PTSD construct: Criteria A through E. DSM-IV sourcebook, 4, 803–844.

[7]. Gillikin C, Habib L, Evces M, et al. (2016). Trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms associate with violence in inner city civilians. J Psychiatr Res. 83:1e7.

[8]. Zachary J. Coles, Ann Tufariello, Stephanie Bonne, (2020). Unpacking the Causes of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Violently Injured Patients, Journal of Surgical Research, Volume 256, Pages 43-47, ISSN 0022-4804, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.06.015

[9]. Denollet, J. (2000). Type D personality: A potential risk factor refined. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 49, 255–266. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(00)00177-X.

[10]. Pedersen, S. S., & Denollet, J. (2004). Validity of the Type D personality construct in Danish post-MI patients and healthy controls. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 265–272. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00614-7.

[11]. Naeem, F., Taj, R., Khan, A. and Ayub, M. (2012), Can watching traumatic events on TV cause PTSD symptoms? Evidence from Pakistan. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 126: 79-80. https://doi-org.bham-ezproxy.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01876.x

[12]. Lahad, M., and M. Doron. (2010). Protocol for Treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: See Far CBT Model: Beyond Cognitive Behavior Therapy, IOS Press, Incorporated, ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bham/detail.action?docID=1640881.

[13]. Van Etten, M. L. & Taylor, S. (1998). Comparative efficacy of treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,5,126-145.

[14]. Lahad, M., and M. Doron. (2010). Protocol for Treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: See Far CBT Model: Beyond Cognitive Behavior Therapy, IOS Press, Incorporated, ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bham/detail.action?docID=1640881.

[15]. Horowitz, M. (1976). Stress Response Syndromes. New York: Jason Aronson.

[16]. Grupe, D.W., McGehee, C., Smith, C. et al. (2021). Mindfulness Training Reduces PTSD Symptoms and Improves Stress-Related Health Outcomes in Police Officers. J Police Crim Psych 36, 72–85. https://doi-org.bham-ezproxy.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s11896-019-09351-4

Cite this article

He,Z. (2023). Potential Aetiologies of PTSD and Possible Interventions and Treatment. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media,23,208-214.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

Disclaimer/Publisher's Note

The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Global Politics and Socio-Humanities

ISBN：978-1-83558-125-4(Print) / 978-1-83558-126-1(Online)
Editor：Javier Cifuentes-Faura, Enrique Mallen
Conference website: https://www.icgpsh.org/
Conference date: 13 October 2023
Series: Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media
Volume number: Vol.23
ISSN：2753-7048(Print) / 2753-7056(Online)

© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open access policy for details).

References

[1]. Miller, M.L., Bagley, J.M., Normand, P. et al. (2020). Increasing Mindfulness Skills of Veterans with PTSD Through Daily Mindfulness Training Incorporated into an Intensive Treatment Program. Mindfulness 11, 964–974. https://doi-org.bham-ezproxy.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01326-5

[2]. Bishop, S. R., Lau, M., Shapiro, S., Carlson, L., Anderson, N. D., Carmody, J., Segal, Z. V., Abbey, S., Speca, M., Velting, D., & Devins, G. (2004). Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11, 230–241. https://doi-org.bham-ezproxy.idm.oclc.org/10.1093/clipsy.bph077.

[3]. Widom, C. S. (2012). Trauma, psychopathology, and violence: Causes, consequences, or correlates? Oxford University Press, Incorporated.

[4]. Brewin C. R. Kleiner J. S. Vasterling J. J. Field A. P. (2007). Memory for emotionally neutral information in posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analytic investigation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116, 448 – 463. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.116.3.448.

[5]. Brewin, C. R., Lanius, R. A., Novac, A., Schnyder, U., & Galea, S. (2009). Reformulating PTSD for DSM-V: Life after Criterion A. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 366–373. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.20443

[6]. Kilpatrick, D. G., Resnick, H. S., Freedy, J. R., Pelcovitz, D., Resick, P., Roth, S., & van der Kolk, B. (1998). The posttraumatic stress disorder field trial: Evaluation of the PTSD construct: Criteria A through E. DSM-IV sourcebook, 4, 803–844.

[7]. Gillikin C, Habib L, Evces M, et al. (2016). Trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms associate with violence in inner city civilians. J Psychiatr Res. 83:1e7.

[8]. Zachary J. Coles, Ann Tufariello, Stephanie Bonne, (2020). Unpacking the Causes of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Violently Injured Patients, Journal of Surgical Research, Volume 256, Pages 43-47, ISSN 0022-4804, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.06.015

[9]. Denollet, J. (2000). Type D personality: A potential risk factor refined. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 49, 255–266. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(00)00177-X.

[10]. Pedersen, S. S., & Denollet, J. (2004). Validity of the Type D personality construct in Danish post-MI patients and healthy controls. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 265–272. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00614-7.

[11]. Naeem, F., Taj, R., Khan, A. and Ayub, M. (2012), Can watching traumatic events on TV cause PTSD symptoms? Evidence from Pakistan. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 126: 79-80. https://doi-org.bham-ezproxy.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01876.x

[12]. Lahad, M., and M. Doron. (2010). Protocol for Treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: See Far CBT Model: Beyond Cognitive Behavior Therapy, IOS Press, Incorporated, ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bham/detail.action?docID=1640881.

[13]. Van Etten, M. L. & Taylor, S. (1998). Comparative efficacy of treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy,5,126-145.

[14]. Lahad, M., and M. Doron. (2010). Protocol for Treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: See Far CBT Model: Beyond Cognitive Behavior Therapy, IOS Press, Incorporated, ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bham/detail.action?docID=1640881.

[15]. Horowitz, M. (1976). Stress Response Syndromes. New York: Jason Aronson.

[16]. Grupe, D.W., McGehee, C., Smith, C. et al. (2021). Mindfulness Training Reduces PTSD Symptoms and Improves Stress-Related Health Outcomes in Police Officers. J Police Crim Psych 36, 72–85. https://doi-org.bham-ezproxy.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s11896-019-09351-4

For authors
Guide for authors Policies for authors Aims and scope Subscription Open access policy
For editors
Policies for editors Editorial board
For reviewers
Policies for reviewers Privacy policy

Cookies are used by this site.
Copyright © 2024 EWA Publishing, its licensors, and contributors. All rights reserved, including text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.