Volume 76

In Australia, the legal and ethical discourse regarding parental consent for gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) has significant complexity and represents an evolving dynamic of discourse. The role of parental consent in minors’ access to GAHT has become increasingly complicated with laws and policies changing in response to societal perspectives on gender identity, the involvement and role of the courts is a determining factor in minors' access to GAHT. Simultaneously it is intensely associated with the minor’s individual consent and the scope of medical practitioners' responsibilities. As established by Gillick V. West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Healthy Authority, the Gillick competency principle recognises that minors are allowed to make decisions independently if they have sufficient maturity and capacity to understand the implications and consequences of such decisions. The Australian jurisprudence, at present, was initially considered to recognise the Gillick competency principle. However, as the jurisprudence continues to evolve, the legal attitude regarding minors' access to GAHT treatment in Australia has deviated from the Gillick competency principle due to the tendency of parental protectionism in Australia. This thesis starts with the content and the reasoning of the Gillick Competency Principle, to discuss its practice and applications in Australia, as well as its implications regarding the Parental Consent Principle and the accessibility of GAHT to minors. Meanwhile, providing suggestions regarding the improvement of the present situation.

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The need for innovative teaching methods that are appropriate for today's classrooms has grown as a result of China's internal education system reform. With the ongoing advancements in Chinese education, the conventional method of instruction is no longer appropriate for the country's demands. In addition to fostering a closer relationship between students and instructors in the classroom, the new teaching technique known as POA (Production-Oriented Approach) theory also works to advance China's educational system. The topic of collegiate English teaching in China is the focus of this study, which attempts to investigate the good and bad impacts of the POA theory on the numerous subjects engaged in this particular profession. Therefore, by examining the justifications for the use of the POA theory and its influencing mechanisms, this study employs the literature review approach to describe the benefits and drawbacks of implementing the POA theory.

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College students will face more and more English textbooks and papers in their studies and research, so reading quickly and efficiently is an ability that college students should have. However, for most students, it is a challenge for them. Because the traditional reading teaching methods, based on English scores, do not truly improve their reading ability, even students with better English scores cannot understand the text content correctly. Therefore, this paper will introduce three reading methods that are different from the traditional one: the Problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method, the Narrative teaching method, and the Genre-based teaching method. The purpose is to change the teaching mode of the one-way output of core English knowledge by the teacher, take the students as the teaching centre, and improve reading ability as the teaching goal. Teachers will guide the students to master English knowledge in cooperative learning and to improve their reading ability with novel teaching methods.

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With the advancement in technology and big data in recent years, disciplinary systems present an increasing tendency towards digitization. China’s digital Social Credit system, established to evaluate individuals, businesses, and local institutions’ trustworthiness, serves as a typical model. Through the lens of Michel Foucault’s account of disciplinary power and Max Weber’s account of rationality and disenchantment, the paper is directed to analyze China’s digital credit system’s implications on the public’s moral governance rights. Admittedly, the digital scoring system offers advantages in regard to social stability and public utility; it is suitable to China’s ideological, historical, and geographical character. However, its digital mass surveillance, through fusing value and instrumental rationality and oversimplifying morality, aggravates the spiritual crisis of disenchantment. In return, the collective disenchantment of the public leads to problematic social and political consequences. In response, the paper offers legislative and propagandize related policy suggestions to allay the undesirable outcomes of digital discipline.

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Listening is an important channel for language input, and for college students, good English listening comprehension skills play a critical role in language acquisition. Due to individual differences, learners exhibit varying preferences in their listening-learning process. However, most previous research has focused on native and non-native English speakers, leaving a gap in research on Chinese native speakers. Additionally, most studies are comparative research on learning preferences, with few focusing on a single learning preference. Therefore, this study explores the positive effects of auditory learning preferences on Chinese native college students. Through a series of data collection, organization, and analysis, this study finds that auditory learning style is universal among college students. It can be seen from the survey data that although visual learning style is more common, more than 40% of students are still inclined to conduct auditory learning through lecture interviews or group discussion.In conclusion, students with auditory learning preferences tend to engage more in interactive learning. Furthermore, many students with auditory learning preferences also incorporate visual learning strategies to practice listening comprehension skills.

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