
Climate Risk and Its Hedging-Literature Review
- 1 School of Economics, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 325100, China
- 2 American Department, Hefei No.1 High School., Hefei, 230601, China
- 3 School of Economics, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 325100, China
- 4 Department of Mathematics, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Entering the 21st century, climate risks such as typhoons, droughts, floods and global warming are becoming more and more significant. This passage will first discuss the types and impacts of climate risks. Since physical and transition part coexist, the second part of this passage will discuss some of the transition effects, from energy, stock markets, to municipal bonds, by analyzing data and examples from other literature. Compared with the same type of research, we find that investors often underestimate for enterprises to the potential impact of climate change, they pay more attention to enterprise's climate risk management practices and the ESG factors related proportion in the investment decision-making. At the same time, this article links green bonds to climate risk, pointing out that investors tend to invest in projects with strong resilience to climate change, which provides a new perspective on the green bond market. In addition, hedging climate uncertainty is receiving increasing attention, with an introduction to the basic concepts of the two risks, hedging strategies and the integration of the management of climate risk into corporate strategies under different mechanisms.
Keywords
climate risk, physical and transition impacts, energy price, financial market, hedging
[1]. Bjørn Kløve a b et al. (2011) Groundwater dependent ecosystems. part II. Ecosystem Services and management in Europe under risk of climate change and land use intensification, Environmental Science & Policy. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1462901111000542 (Accessed: 01 September 2023).
[2]. Bazilchuk Nancy (2006) A Lethal Change in the Weather: Temperature Extremes and Premature Mortality. Available at: https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/full/10.1289/ehp.114-a545a (Accessed: 06 September 2023).
[3]. Thompson, D. et al. (2018) A systems framework for National Assessment of Climate Risks to infrastructure, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical & Engineering Sciences. Available at: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/937816 (Accessed: 01 September 2023).
[4]. Mankiw, N. G. (2021). Principles of economics (9th ed). Boston: Cengage Learning.
[5]. Yun, X., & Yoon, S. (2019). Impact of oil price change on airline's stock price and volatility: Evidence from China and South Korea. Energy economics [online] 78: pp.668–679. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988318303876 [Accessed 18 March 2023].
[6]. Becker, S., Bright, K., Genta, J. and Thiel, A. (2022) Tackling inflation and margin pressure in the sporting goods industry. McKinsey & Company [online]. Available at: https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/retail/our-insights/tackling- inflation-and-margin-pressure-in-the-sporting-goods-industry [Accessed 23 February 2023].
[7]. Wang, K., Su, C., Xiao, Y. and Liu, L. (2021) Is the oil price a barometer of China's automobile market? From a wavelet-based quantile-on-quantile regression perspective. Energy 240: pp. 122501 [online]. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S036054422102750X [Accessed 2 April 2023].
[8]. Battiston, S., Dafermos, Y. and Monasterolo, I. (2021) ‘Climate risks and financial stability’, Journal of Financial Stability, 54, p. 100867. doi:10.1016/j.jfs.2021.100867.
[9]. Yevheniia Antoniuk & Thomas Leirvik (2021) Climate change events and stock market returns, Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, DOI: 10.1080/20430795.2021.1929804
[10]. Dietz, S. et al. (2016) ‘climate value at risk’ of Global Financial Assets, Nature News. Available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/nclimate2972 (Accessed: 05 September 2023).
[11]. Roncoroni, A. et al. (2021) ‘Climate risk and financial stability in the network of Banks and Investment Funds’, Journal of Financial Stability, 54, p. 100870. doi:10.1016/j.jfs.2021.100870.
[12]. Sun, A., M. Lachanski, and F. J. Fabozzi (2016). Trade the tweet: Social media text mining and sparse matrix factorization for stock market prediction. International Review of Financial Analysis 48, 272–281.
[13]. Hirshleifer, D. and S. H. Teoh (2003). Limited attention, information disclosure, and financial reporting. Journal of Accounting and Economics 36 (1-3), 337–386.
[14]. Choi D, Gao Z, Jiang W. 2020. Attention to global warming. Rev. Financ. Stud. 33(3):1112–45
[15]. Baker, M. and J. Wurgler (2006). Investor sentiment and the cross-section of stock returns. The Journal of Finance 61 (4), 1645–1680
[16]. Krueger, Philipp, et al. “The Importance of Climate Risks for Institutional Investors.” Papers.ssrn.com, 11 Nov. 2019, papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3235190.
[17]. Bolton and Kacperczyk 2019; Hsu, Li, and Tsou 2019
[18]. Bansal, R., D. Kiku, and M. Ochoa. 2017. Price of long-run temperature shifts in capital markets. Working Paper, Duke University
[19]. Pedersen LH, Fitzgibbons S, Pomorski L. 2021. Responsible investing: the ESG-efficient frontier. J. Financ. Econ. In press
[20]. Pástor L, Stambaugh RF, Taylor LA. 2021. Sustainable investing in equilibrium. J. Financ. Econ. In press.
[21]. Krueger P, Sautner Z, Starks LT. 2020. The importance of climate risks for institutional investors. Rev. Financ.Stud. 33(3):1067–111
[22]. Andersson, Mats, et al. “Hedging Climate Risk.” SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2499628.
[23]. Bua, G., Kapp, D., Ramella, F., and Rognone, L. (2021). Transition versus physical climate risk pricing in euro area financial markets: A text-based approach. Available at SSRN 3860234
[24]. Cepni, Oguzhan, et al. “Hedging Climate Risks with Green Assets.” Economics Letters, vol. 212, Mar. 2022, p. 110312, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2022.110312. Accessed 22 Mar. 2022.
[25]. Nordhaus WD. 1991. To slow or not to slow: the economics of the greenhouse effect. Econ. J. 101(407):920–37
[26]. Giglio, S., Kelly, B. and Stroebel, J. (2021) ‘Climate finance’, Annual Review of Financial Economics, 13(1), pp. 15–36. doi:10.1146/annurev-financial-102620-103311.
[27]. Lal, Rattan. “Regenerative Agriculture for Food and Climate.” Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, vol. 75, no. 5, 1 Aug. 2020, p. jswc.2020.0620A, https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.2020.0620a.
[28]. Giglio, Stefano, et al. Climate Finance. Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau Of Economic Research, 2020.
Cite this article
Wang,J.;Gao,X.;Guan,X.;Chen,Y. (2024). Climate Risk and Its Hedging-Literature Review. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences,92,307-315.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
Disclaimer/Publisher's Note
The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
About volume
Volume title: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Financial Technology and Business Analysis
© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who
publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this
series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published
version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial
publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and
during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See
Open access policy for details).