Analysis of Tesla's Marketing Strategy Model

Research Article
Open access

Analysis of Tesla's Marketing Strategy Model

Yizhen Li 1*
  • 1 University of Birmingham    
  • *corresponding author liyizhen1029@163.com
Published on 1 December 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/54/20230873
AEMPS Vol.54
ISSN (Print): 2754-1177
ISSN (Online): 2754-1169
ISBN (Print): 978-1-83558-155-1
ISBN (Online): 978-1-83558-156-8

Abstract

A prominent American electric vehicle and renewable energy company, with a history of leadership and innovation in the automotive sector, Tesla has consistently pioneered advancements. This study explores Tesla’s synchronization of online and offline marketing tactics, and probes how Tesla’s dual marketing approaches, online and offline, complement each other through employing a case study method, which encompasses distinct brand positioning, emphasis on digital and regional strategies, active social media integration, seamless online-offline interplay, and varied advertising methods such as word-of-mouth and pricing techniques. Tesla’s robust collaborations within the supply chain further fortify its competitive standing. The findings sustain Tesla’s market leadership and hold broader implications. They contribute to heightened market competitiveness, shed light on marketing models for emerging markets, reveal the potential of digital marketing, and even inspire the transformation of traditional automotive business practices. Today, Tesla cars already occupy a very high market share. Compete in the market through several different strategic approaches. Now people need to study what kind of model and supply chain can make this brand popular and successfully pay for it.

Keywords:

market competitiveness, emerging market models, digital marketing potential, business transformation

Li,Y. (2023). Analysis of Tesla's Marketing Strategy Model. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences,54,33-39.
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1. Introduction

Tesla has become a beacon of innovation and industry transformation, leaving an indelible mark as a pioneering force. This American enterprise has resolutely redefined the automotive landscape by introducing innovative electric vehicles and forging new pathways in renewable energy initiatives [1]. Tesla’s journey is a testament to visionary leadership and unwavering innovation, a duo that synergistically propels it to the vanguard of the industry. Beyond revolutionizing transportation, Tesla’s resolute commitment to pushing boundaries catalyzes a more sweeping societal shift toward sustainability. Through its cutting-edge advancements and unyielding pursuit of excellence, Tesla is a harbinger of transformative change within the automotive realm and a model for fostering positive global impact. This study examines a vital element of Tesla’s success, entailing the seamless fusion of its online and offline marketing strategies. Just as Tesla’s innovations have reshaped vehicle technology, its marketing methods carry a substantial impact. However, the core of this research centers on dissecting the synchronization of these strategies, unearthing the cohesive interplay that underscores Tesla’s achievements. This case study thoroughly examines the intricate interplay between Tesla’s digital and physical marketing endeavors. It comprehensively comprehends how Tesla’s marketing strategies harmonize and enhance each other through a detailed exploration of specific cases, campaigns, and results.

This study uncovers the core dynamics behind Tesla’s marketing success. By dissecting online and offline strategies interplay, it provides insightful guidance to businesses navigating the modern marketing landscape. It deciphers Tesla’s success and offers practical wisdom for enterprises aiming to effectively navigate the current marketing terrain by understanding the fusion of digital and traditional strategies.

2. Marketing Strategy Analysis

Harmonizing myriad perspectives is a cornerstone of triumphant organizational achievements within the ever-shifting marketing dynamics realm. Fusing multifaceted marketing strategies highlights the opportunity to magnify a brand’s resonance and clout and harness diverse approaches [2]. This segment explores Tesla’s marketing strategy amalgamation, unveiling many viewpoints contributing to its resonant accomplishments. The seamless convergence of digital and physical realms takes center stage in Tesla’s marketing strategy amalgamation. This fusion transcends traditional boundaries, giving rise to a unified expedition for the audience across numerous dimensions. This amalgamation goes beyond mere uniformity; instead, it crafts a seamless narrative where virtual engagements seamlessly segue into tangible encounters.

Moreover, Tesla’s amalgamation extends beyond its corporate perimeters. The company’s strategic affiliations and alliances foster its marketing prosperity. Collaborative ventures with complementary brands and influential figures amplify Tesla’s foundational message, forging a symbiotic rapport that taps into more extensive and diverse audiences [3]. This collaborative integration functions as a strategic expansion mechanism, adeptly infiltrating novel markets and demographics while preserving the inherent essence of Tesla’s brand identity. From a consumer-centric stance, Tesla’s marketing integration is characterized by a personalized caress. Through meticulous scrutiny of customer data and insights, Tesla creates messages tailored to individual preferences and conduct. This personalized integration engenders an intimate resonance with patrons, nurturing a profound connection and cultivating augmented brand fidelity.

Yet another dimension of Tesla’s marketing strategy integration is its adept balancing of innovation and tradition. While renowned for pioneering technological breakthroughs, the company incorporates traditional marketing elements such as word-of-mouth campaigns and grassroots initiatives [4]. This fusion allows Tesla to tap into both the avant-garde and the familiar, appealing to a broader spectrum of consumers and widening its market reach. Moreover, Tesla’s integration is not confined by geographical boundaries; it adapts its strategies to suit regional intricacies. This localized approach underscores the understanding that effective marketing transcends the limitations of a uniform strategy. By recognizing and adapting to distinct cultural, economic, and societal contexts, Tesla’s integration is finely designed to resonate harmoniously with diverse markets.

Tesla’s unconventional marketing approach holds profound cross-industry lessons drawn from insights by Frank Rojas for the Forbes Agency Council. Its authenticity is central to Tesla’s prowess, which resonates deeply with today’s consumers seeking genuine connections [5]. The brand’s transparent, candid communication, manifesting in acknowledging past missteps, showcases the power of authenticity in nurturing trust and engagement [6]. It emphasizes the essential value of open and candid interaction, fostering enduring, resilient relationships. Simplicity is another foundational principle within Tesla’s strategy, prominently showcased through its seamless online purchasing process that eliminates the usual complexities associated with car buying [6]. It highlights the remarkable efficacy of an uncomplicated customer journey. It highlights the importance of reducing interaction friction, cultivating a heightened sense of customer satisfaction, and fostering unwavering loyalty. By adopting a page from Tesla’s playbook, brands across industries hold the potential to revolutionize their operations, converting convoluted processes into intuitive and user-friendly experiences that seamlessly resonate with the preferences of today’s discerning consumers.

Tesla’s utilization of word-of-mouth marketing underscores the potency of organic advocacy. The brand’s referral program taps into the authenticity of personal recommendations, highlighting the pivotal role of satisfied customers as a brand’s most compelling advocates. It highlights the need to cultivate affirmative experiences that effortlessly translate into enthusiastic endorsement. Like forums and owner clubs, Tesla’s community engagement initiatives spotlight the enduring impact of forging connections [6]. These platforms nurture loyalty and empower fervent brand supporters to amplify their experiences, organically magnifying the brand’s reach. It reinforces the value of investing in community cultivation that nurtures genuine engagement.

3. Marketing Elements Driving Success

Specific marketing elements emerge as pivotal success catalysts in the dynamic business landscape. Tesla, a pioneering electric vehicle firm, is a compelling illustration of how these elements can reshape industries. This analysis examines four pivotal facets that underpin Tesla’s success: the synergy of online-offline interactions, a spectrum of advertising methods, and the strategic significance of partnerships. Tesla’s journey underscores these elements’ potential to drive success and redefine market norms.

3.1. Online-Offline Interaction Exploration

Tesla’s remarkable strength resides in its remarkable integration of online and offline interactions, setting it apart from conventional automakers. The brand has intricately intertwined these two dimensions, resulting in a cohesive and immersive brand encounter. Unlike traditional approaches, Tesla has masterfully bridged the gap between virtual and physical touchpoints, effectively removing barriers between digital exploration and tangible engagement [7]. This seamlessness facilitates a smooth transition for customers, allowing them to effortlessly traverse from online browsing to firsthand experiences with Tesla vehicles. Unlike the limited online interfaces of traditional car-buying, Tesla’s website serves as a virtual showroom, enabling customers to configure, customize, and order vehicles effortlessly. This digital experience seamlessly extends to physical showrooms and service centers. As a result, the customers interact with the vehicles and receive expert guidance. Tesla’s ability to harmonize these interactions nurtures continuity and familiarity, promoting customer satisfaction and lasting brand loyalty.

Tesla’s marketing strategy symbiotically thrives on how online reviews of user-generated content relate to offline word-of-mouth endorsements. Through social media channels, contented customers willingly share their positive experiences, contributing to the augmentation of Tesla’s reputation with genuine and unfiltered narratives [6]. This digital word-of-mouth harmoniously resonates with the tangible ambiance of the community that is carefully nurtured during offline customer events and gatherings. These real-world interactions serve as a conduit for enthusiasts to come together, bonded by their shared admiration for Tesla’s pioneering products. The amalgamation of these online and offline elements creates a robust synergy, bolstering the brand’s overall image and fostering a solid and enduring connection with its customer base.

Tesla has ingeniously transformed its website into a virtual showroom where customers can effortlessly configure, personalize, and place vehicle orders. This user-friendly online interface supports Tesla’s physical showrooms and service centers network by creating a comprehensive brand experience [8]. Through these brick-and-mortar touchpoints, customers gain direct access to Tesla experts and engage in tactile interactions with their desired vehicles. This fusion of online convenience and offline engagement resonates profoundly with modern consumers who crave the ease of digital interaction and the tangibility of physical experiences. Tesla’s adeptness in orchestrating this seamless blend caters to consumers’ evolving preferences, who seek cohesive journeys across virtual and real-world landscapes.

Tesla’s seamless blending of the digital and physical domains creates a sense of seamless continuity and familiarity. This coherence significantly amplifies customer satisfaction, ensuring consistent brand interactions regardless of chosen touchpoints [8]. Moreover, this convergence markedly bolsters brand loyalty, nurturing a deep affinity within customers for a brand that effortlessly caters to their preferences. Tesla’s innovative amalgamation of online and offline engagement is a testament to its unwavering commitment to customer-centric strategies, nurturing enduring relationships that extend well beyond transactional confines. This strategy underlines Tesla’s astute understanding of the modern consumer’s desire for holistic experiences and showcases the brand’s mastery in fostering lasting connections through harmonious integration.

3.2. Diverse Advertising Methods

Tesla’s exceptional marketing approach goes beyond the ordinary, relying on various unconventional advertising methods. While many automakers allocate staggering budgets for advertising, Tesla distinguishes itself by achieving more with significantly less investment. Amid an industry where companies like Volkswagen pour billions into advertising campaigns, Tesla’s unique strategy raises questions about how it generates more significant publicity with a comparatively modest budget of $66.5 million, a mere 1% of Volkswagen’s allocation [9]. Unlike traditional automakers that disperse funds across traditional advertising mediums like TV, radio, print, and sponsorships, Tesla takes an unconventional route. The company abstains from these conventional channels, eschewing traditional advertising to emphasize media coverage and word of mouth. Tesla’s annual report underscores this unorthodox approach, revealing that media attention and word of mouth have consistently fueled its sales leads, allowing it to achieve sales without resorting to conventional advertising, all while maintaining relatively low marketing costs.

Tesla’s strategy isn’t as straightforward as their report suggests, though media coverage and word of mouth play pivotal roles. Beneath the surface, several factors contribute to their marketing success. One core factor lies in their ability to produce revolutionary products that capture the public imagination. Tesla’s products, such as the Model S, Model X, and Model 3, consistently exude a futuristic and innovative aura that ignites curiosity. This innovative appeal garners exceptional media attention during product launches, further augmenting Tesla’s brand visibility. For instance, the success of Tesla’s brand association with electric vehicles (EVs) also plays a critical role. Tesla has seamlessly associated its brand with the EV movement through early efforts to create awareness around EVs. This alignment resonates deeply with consumers, solidifying Tesla as the go-to choice for electric vehicles. Moreover, Tesla’s knack for creative and captivating promotional initiatives, such as launching a Tesla Roadster into space atop SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy rocket, further contributes to its unmatched visibility [10]. These endeavors capture global attention, creating a buzz that reverberates beyond traditional advertising channels.

At the core of Tesla’s unparalleled marketing accomplishments lies the figure of Elon Musk, the charismatic and visionary CEO who redefines the conventional role of corporate leadership. Musk’s public persona transcends the confines of a typical executive [11]. It incorporates various subjects such as vehicle models, artificial intelligence, audacious space colonization endeavors, and even his recent takeover of Twitter. His words resonate profoundly, capturing attention and continuously generating valuable free publicity for Tesla. This invaluable asset cannot be replicated through mere financial investments. Musk’s exceptional ability to captivate audiences and spark widespread conversations serves as a driving force behind Tesla’s remarkable marketing achievements [11]. His active presence on social media platforms, particularly Twitter, where he responds directly to users’ questions and suggestions and even engages in playful banter, creates a unique connection between the CEO and the brand’s audience. This engagement fosters community and involvement, elevating Tesla’s marketing strategy beyond conventional bounds. Musk’s role in shaping Tesla’s image, propelling innovation, and cultivating unwavering customer loyalty underscores a vibrant and engaged CEO’s profound impact in shaping an organization’s marketing prowess.

3.3. Role of Partnerships

Collaborative partnerships significantly influence Tesla’s overarching marketing strategy, expanding the brand’s reach and enhancing its impact. Tesla’s strategic alliances with other forward-looking firms have allowed the company to access new markets, embrace novel technologies, and engage broader customer bases. A notable instance is Tesla’s collaboration with Panasonic, a key battery supplier for Tesla vehicles, reinforcing the brand’s dedication to sustainable energy solutions [12]. Additionally, Tesla’s cooperation with SpaceX, another venture by Elon Musk, generates a synergistic cross-promotion that captures extensive media attention beyond conventional advertising channels [13]. Such partnerships extend beyond corporate entities, as demonstrated by Tesla’s Supercharger station network, which collaborates with other businesses and governments to erect charging infrastructure, addressing a pivotal facet of electric vehicle adoption. These collaborations amplify Tesla’s market outreach and position the brand as a transformative power in industries beyond the automotive realm. By nurturing symbiotic relationships, Tesla leverages shared values and expertise, empowering the brand to broaden its influence and cement its role as a vanguard in innovation, sustainability, and customer-centric solutions.

4. Impact of Tesla’s Marketing Strategy

Tesla’s marketing strategy has etched a lasting imprint on the automotive sector and reshaped perceptions of electric vehicles (EVs). Tesla’s marketing impact resonates profoundly through innovative methodologies and a distinct brand identity. First, the company’s marketing endeavors have played a pivotal part in propelling the acceptance and prevalence of EVs. Tesla has systematically dismantled conventional skepticism by showcasing electric vehicles’ remarkable capabilities and inherent advantages [14]. Via sleek design, high-performance metrics, and a focus on real-world applicability, Tesla has adeptly demonstrated that EVs can stand as compelling alternatives to traditional internal combustion engine cars. Moreover, Tesla’s marketing has accomplished more than routine business operations – it has upended established norms within the auto industry. Opting for a direct-to-consumer sales model has enabled Tesla to circumvent the customary dealership framework, granting unparalleled authority over customer experiences and purchase processes. This audacious approach has spurred other automakers to reevaluate their sales strategies after Tesla’s triumph. Regarding brand identity, Tesla’s marketing has crafted an image synonymous with innovation, advanced technology, and environmental stewardship. The allure of Tesla vehicles extends beyond utility; they embody a tangible vision of futuristic transportation, encapsulating progress that transcends the confines of the road. This allure has drawn diverse consumers, including those who had not hitherto contemplated EVs as viable options.

Among the most enduring impacts of Tesla’s marketing strategy resides in its unwavering emphasis on innovation and technological leadership. It introduced innovative features such as Autopilot, which offers autonomous driving capabilities, and pioneered the concept of over-the-air software updates [14]. Hence, Tesla has not merely redefined the traditional concept of an automobile but has also inscribed its commitment to pushing the boundaries of automotive technology into the collective consciousness. These innovations transcend the ordinary, reshaping the driving experience and propelling Tesla to the forefront of the industry. By consistently challenging the established order, Tesla has solidified its identity as a genuine trailblazer, exerting influence over the company’s brand and catalyzing a broader shift in the trajectory of automotive advancement. In doing so, Tesla’s marketing narrative transcends the mere act of selling cars; it revolves around reimagining transportation through a lens of continuous evolution and progress.

5. Conclusion

This study explores Tesla’s synchronized online and offline marketing strategies, revealing their impact and significance. Tesla, renowned for its pioneering advancements in electric vehicles and renewable energy, stands as a symbol of innovation and transformation. The study’s focus on Tesla’s dual marketing approaches uncovers a compelling harmony between these dimensions. Through a case study method, crucial findings emerge, encompassing distinctive brand positioning, digital and regional strategies, active social media integration, seamless online-offline interactions, and diverse advertising methods such as word-of-mouth and pricing techniques. Tesla’s robust supply chain collaborations further bolster its competitive edge. These insights uphold Tesla’s market leadership and resonate with broader implications, influencing market competitiveness and illuminating marketing models for emerging markets. It highlights the potential of digital marketing and inspires the transition of traditional automotive practices. The paper’s significance transcends academia, elucidating the dynamics behind Tesla’s marketing triumph. It deciphers Tesla’s approach and offers practical insights for businesses that navigate today’s marketing terrain. The limitations of this research include its narrow focus on Tesla and the static nature of its findings, which are susceptible to evolving marketing dynamics. Future research could encompass comparative studies involving other industry leaders or explore the longevity of Tesla’s strategies. Despite these limitations, this study underscores the symbiotic fusion of Tesla’s marketing strategies and their broader implications, paving the way for more informed and effective marketing practices across industries.


References

[1]. Li J. Research on the Marketing Strategy of Tesla Vehicle in China. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences [Internet]. 2023 Mar 21;4(1):402–7. Available from: https://aemps.ewapublishing.org/media/2519987db2bb4e71887587e12d3a49be.pdf

[2]. Zhou Z. Tesla Marketing Analysis. Academic Journal of Business & Management. 2023;5(2):171–7.

[3]. Cheong T, Song SH, Hu C. Strategic Alliance with Competitors in the Electric Vehicle Market: Tesla Motor’s Case. Mathematical Problems in Engineering [Internet]. 2019; 2016:1–10. Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mpe/2016/7210767/

[4]. Bangeja H, Agarwal DrV. Analysing Tesla’s $0 Marketing Strategy. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research. 2022 Nov 26;4(6).

[5]. Bai C, Chen Z, Liu X. Case Study ResearchinTesla(China)Marketing Strategy ApplicationDuring Covid-19 [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1664006/FULLTEXT01.pdf

[6]. Rojas F. Council Post: Eight Digital Marketing Lessons We Can Learn from Tesla [Internet]. Forbes. 2023 [cited 2023 Aug 27]. Available from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesagencycouncil/2020/12/10/eight-digital-marketing-lessons-we-can-learn-from-tesla/?sh=5a17a07748c8

[7]. Muller H. The CEO of technology: lead, reimagine, and reinvent to drive growth and create value in unprecedented times. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2018.

[8]. Morgan B. 3 Ways Tesla Creates a Personalized Customer Experience [Internet]. Forbes. 2021 [cited 2023 Aug 30]. Available from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/blakemorgan/2021/05/10/3-ways-tesla-creates-a-personalized-customer-experience/?sh=5ea724e823b3

[9]. Digital E. Tesla - A different kind of marketing machine [Internet]. Evolving Digital. 2018. Available from: https://evolving-digital.com/resources/tesla-marketing-machine/#:~:text=For%20one%2C%20Tesla%20doesn

[10]. Mangram ME. The globalization of Tesla Motors: a strategic marketing plan analysis. Journal of Strategic Marketing [Internet]. 2020 May 2;20(4):289–312. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254322834_The_globalization_of_Tesla_Motors_A_strategic_marketing_plan_analysis

[11]. Khan R. A critical analysis of Elon Musk’s leadership in Tesla motors. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research [Internet]. 2021 May 14;1(1). Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40497-021-00284-z

[12]. Higgins T, Vielkind J. Panasonic to End Tesla Partnership That Makes Solar Panels in Buffalo. Wall Street Journal [Internet]. 2020 Feb 26. Available from: https://www.wsj.com/articles/panasonic-to-end-tesla-partnership-that-makes-solar-panels-in-buffalo-11582715607

[13]. Browne R. Elon Musk, who co-founded firm behind ChatGPT, warns A.I. is “one of the biggest risks” to civilization [Internet]. CNBC. 2023. Available from: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/15/elon-musk-co-founder-of-chatgpt-creator-openai-warns-of-ai-society-risk.html

[14]. Li W., Wang M., Cheng X., Long R. The impact of interaction on the adoption of electric vehicles: Mediating role of experience value. Frontiers in Psychology. 2023 Feb 28;14.


Cite this article

Li,Y. (2023). Analysis of Tesla's Marketing Strategy Model. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences,54,33-39.

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Volume title: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Financial Technology and Business Analysis

ISBN:978-1-83558-155-1(Print) / 978-1-83558-156-8(Online)
Editor:Javier Cifuentes-Faura
Conference website: https://www.icftba.org/
Conference date: 8 November 2023
Series: Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences
Volume number: Vol.54
ISSN:2754-1169(Print) / 2754-1177(Online)

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References

[1]. Li J. Research on the Marketing Strategy of Tesla Vehicle in China. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences [Internet]. 2023 Mar 21;4(1):402–7. Available from: https://aemps.ewapublishing.org/media/2519987db2bb4e71887587e12d3a49be.pdf

[2]. Zhou Z. Tesla Marketing Analysis. Academic Journal of Business & Management. 2023;5(2):171–7.

[3]. Cheong T, Song SH, Hu C. Strategic Alliance with Competitors in the Electric Vehicle Market: Tesla Motor’s Case. Mathematical Problems in Engineering [Internet]. 2019; 2016:1–10. Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mpe/2016/7210767/

[4]. Bangeja H, Agarwal DrV. Analysing Tesla’s $0 Marketing Strategy. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research. 2022 Nov 26;4(6).

[5]. Bai C, Chen Z, Liu X. Case Study ResearchinTesla(China)Marketing Strategy ApplicationDuring Covid-19 [Internet]. 2022. Available from: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1664006/FULLTEXT01.pdf

[6]. Rojas F. Council Post: Eight Digital Marketing Lessons We Can Learn from Tesla [Internet]. Forbes. 2023 [cited 2023 Aug 27]. Available from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesagencycouncil/2020/12/10/eight-digital-marketing-lessons-we-can-learn-from-tesla/?sh=5a17a07748c8

[7]. Muller H. The CEO of technology: lead, reimagine, and reinvent to drive growth and create value in unprecedented times. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2018.

[8]. Morgan B. 3 Ways Tesla Creates a Personalized Customer Experience [Internet]. Forbes. 2021 [cited 2023 Aug 30]. Available from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/blakemorgan/2021/05/10/3-ways-tesla-creates-a-personalized-customer-experience/?sh=5ea724e823b3

[9]. Digital E. Tesla - A different kind of marketing machine [Internet]. Evolving Digital. 2018. Available from: https://evolving-digital.com/resources/tesla-marketing-machine/#:~:text=For%20one%2C%20Tesla%20doesn

[10]. Mangram ME. The globalization of Tesla Motors: a strategic marketing plan analysis. Journal of Strategic Marketing [Internet]. 2020 May 2;20(4):289–312. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254322834_The_globalization_of_Tesla_Motors_A_strategic_marketing_plan_analysis

[11]. Khan R. A critical analysis of Elon Musk’s leadership in Tesla motors. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research [Internet]. 2021 May 14;1(1). Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40497-021-00284-z

[12]. Higgins T, Vielkind J. Panasonic to End Tesla Partnership That Makes Solar Panels in Buffalo. Wall Street Journal [Internet]. 2020 Feb 26. Available from: https://www.wsj.com/articles/panasonic-to-end-tesla-partnership-that-makes-solar-panels-in-buffalo-11582715607

[13]. Browne R. Elon Musk, who co-founded firm behind ChatGPT, warns A.I. is “one of the biggest risks” to civilization [Internet]. CNBC. 2023. Available from: https://www.cnbc.com/2023/02/15/elon-musk-co-founder-of-chatgpt-creator-openai-warns-of-ai-society-risk.html

[14]. Li W., Wang M., Cheng X., Long R. The impact of interaction on the adoption of electric vehicles: Mediating role of experience value. Frontiers in Psychology. 2023 Feb 28;14.