
Black holes - from relativity to Hawking radiation
- 1 School of Science,Tibet University,Tibet,China
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Black Hole (BH for short) is a kind of compact body in the universe predicted by the general theory of relativity. The gravitational pull of a black hole is extremely strong. A black hole is a celestial body whose curvature of space-time is so great that light cannot escape from its event horizon. There are four main ideas about how black holes form: collapsing stars, exploding supernovae, merging multiple black holes, and primordial black holes. In this article, we will start with Einstein's theory of relativity to analyze black holes, and focus on Schwarzschild black holes.
Keywords
Black hole, Relativity theory, Schwarzschild black hole, Rotation, Black hole thermodynamics.
[1]. MAXWELL J C.On a possible mode of detecting a motion of the solar system through the luminiferous ether[J].Nature,2004,21:314-315.
[2]. MICHELSON A A,MORLEY E W.On the relative motion of the earth and the luminiferous ether[J].American Journal of Science,1887,34:333-345.
[3]. Ruan Xiaogang. Observation and Relativity: Why the Speed of Light Remains Constant in Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity? Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2020, 46(01): 82-112.
[4]. FITZGERALD G F.The ether and the earth's atmosphere[J]Science,1889,13:390.
[5]. LORENTZ H A.The relative motion of the earth and the aether[J].Zittingsverlag Akad V Wet,1892,1:74-79.
[6]. LORENTZ H A.Simplified theory of electrical and optical phenomena in moving systems[C]∥Proceedings of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences,1899:427-442.
[7]. LORENTZ H A.Electromagnetic phenomena in a system moving with any velocity smaller than that of light[C]∥Proceedings of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences,1904:809-831.
[8]. (US) By Albert Einstein, A.; Translated by Yang Runyin, A Brief Introduction to Special and General Relativity, Shanghai Science and Technology Press,1964.08
[9]. Shu Xingbei, Special Relativity, Qingdao Press,1995.12
[10]. Zhang Shi-Hao, Cheng Long. Research on Lyapunov Index and chaotic boundary of black hole [J]. Journal of Fujian Normal University (Natural Science Edition),2022,38(04):89-95.
[11]. (US) By Steven Gubzer and Frans Pretorius; Gou Lijun, Zheng Xueying and Zhao Xueshan trans. Book of Black Holes, Citic Publishing Group,2018.11
[12]. Bekenstein J D. Black holes and entropy. Phys Rev D, 1973, 7:2333–2346
[13]. Hawking S W. Particle creation by black holes. Commun Math Phys, 1975, 43:199–220
[14]. He Miao. Gravity and Black hole Thermodynamics [D]. Gansu: Lanzhou University,2018. DOI:10.7666/d.D01449862.
[15]. Liang Canbin, Zhou Bin. An Introduction to Differential Geometry and General Relativity. Beijing: Science Press (2012)
[16]. R. M. Wald. General Relativity. University of Chicago Press (2010)
[17]. Kastor D, Ray S, Traschen J. Enthalpy and the mechanics of Ad S black holes. Class Quantum Grav, 2009, 26:195011
[18]. Kubizňák D, Mann R B, Teo M. Black hole chemistry:Thermodynamics with Lambda. Class Quantum Grav, 2017, 34:063001
[19]. Wei S W, Liu Y X, Mann R B. Repulsive interactions and universal properties of charged anti–de Sitter black hole microstructures. Phys Rev Lett,2019, 123:071103
[20]. Al Balushi A, Hennigar R A, Kunduri H K, et al. Holographic complexity and thermodynamic volume. Phys Rev Lett, 2021, 126:101601
[21]. Gwak B. Thermodynamics with pressure and volume under charged particle absorption. J High Energy Phys, 2017, 11:129
[22]. Harlow D, Heidenreich B, Reece M, et al. Weak gravity conjecture. Rev Mod Phys, 2023, 95:035003
Cite this article
Li,Y. (2024). Black holes - from relativity to Hawking radiation. Theoretical and Natural Science,56,118-127.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
Disclaimer/Publisher's Note
The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
About volume
Volume title: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Physics and Mathematical Modeling
© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who
publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this
series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published
version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial
publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and
during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See
Open access policy for details).