
Elliptic Flow Analysis in the sPHENIX Detector using Python
- 1 Yew Chung International School of Hong Kong
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Elliptic flow (v_2) and triangular flow (v_3) provide critical insights into the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed in heavy-ion collisions. Using data from the sPHENIX detector, this study examines the hydrodynamic properties of QGP. The analysis involves plotting distributions of transverse momentum (p_T), pseudorapidity (η), azimuthal angle (ϕ), and charge, calculating delta phi (Δϕ) distributions, fitting harmonic functions, and conducting event mixing to reduce statistical uncertainties. This paper presents a detailed method and findings of v_2 and v_3 as functions of p_T, validated against theoretical models.
Keywords
Elliptic flow, triangular flow, quark-gluon plasma (QGP).
[1]. E. V. Shuryak, The Quark-Gluon Plasma and Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions, World Scientific, 2009.
[2]. M. Gyulassy and L. McLerran, New forms of QCD matter discovered at RHIC, Nucl. Phys. A, vol. 750, pp. 30-63, 2005.
[3]. J. Y. Ollitrault, Anisotropy as a signature of transverse collective flow, Phys. Rev. D, vol. 46, pp. 229-245, 1992.
[4]. S. A. Voloshin, A. M. Poskanzer, and R. Snellings, Collective phenomena in non-central nuclear collisions, Landolt-Börnstein, vol. 23, pp. 293-333, 2010.
[5]. P. Romatschke and U. Romatschke, Viscosity Information from Rela-tivistic Nuclear Collisions: How Perfect is the Fluid Observed at RHIC?, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 99, no. 17, pp. 172301, 2007.
[6]. A. Adare et al., The PHENIX Collaboration, Nucl. Phys. A, vol. 757,pp. 184-283, 2015.
[7]. C. Gale, S. Jeon, and B. Schenke, Hydrodynamic modeling of heavy-ion collisions, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 1340011, 2013.
[8]. K. Aamodt et al., Elliptic flow of charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 105, no. 25, pp. 252302, 2010.
[9]. G. Aad et al., Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy for chargedparticle production in sqrt(s(NN))=2.76 TeV lead-lead collisions withthe ATLAS detector, Phys. Rev. C, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 014907, 2012.
[10]. U. Heinz and R. Snellings, Collective flow and viscosity in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci., vol. 63, pp. 123-151, 2013.
[11]. H. Song, S. A. Bass, and U. Heinz, Viscous hydrodynamics and elliptic flow in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, Phys. Rev. C, vol. 83, no. 5, pp. 054912, 2011.
[12]. I. Arsene et al., Quark-gluon plasma and color glass condensate at RHIC? The perspective from the BRAHMS experiment, Nucl. Phys. A, vol. 757, pp. 1-27, 2005.
[13]. B. Alver et al., Importance of correlations and fluctuations on the initial source eccentricity in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions, Physical Review C, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 014906, 2008. arXiv:0805.4411.
[14]. B. Alver et al., Ridge in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV, Physics Letters B, vol. 702, no. 5, pp. 287-293, 2011. arXiv:1003.0194.
[15]. Alver et al., Dihadron correlations in central PbPb collisions at sNN = 2.76 TeV, Physical Review C, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 024904, 2010. arXiv:1105.2438.
[16]. K. Aamodt et al., Elliptic flow of charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV, Physical Review Letters, vol. 105, no. 25, pp. 252302, 2010.
[17]. G. Aad et al., Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy for charged particle production in sqrt(s(NN))=2.76 TeV lead-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector, Physical Review C, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 014907, 2012.
[18]. C. Gale, S. Jeon, and B. Schenke, Hydrodynamic modeling of heavy-ion collisions, International Journal of Modern Physics A, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 1340011, 2013.
[19]. Python 3.11.4
Cite this article
Lin,Y. (2024). Elliptic Flow Analysis in the sPHENIX Detector using Python. Theoretical and Natural Science,53,10-18.
Data availability
The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.
Disclaimer/Publisher's Note
The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.
About volume
Volume title: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Physics and Mathematical Modeling
© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who
publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this
series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published
version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial
publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and
during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See
Open access policy for details).