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Applications and Challenges of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Cancer Treatment
- 1 Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized gene editing by offering a precise, efficient, and cost-effective method for targeting, modifying, and regulating genomic loci across diverse organisms. Initially discovered in bacteria, CRISPR/Cas9 has evolved into a powerful tool for cancer treatment, enabling both in vivo and ex vivo gene editing strategies. The system's ability to induce targeted DNA breaks and harness cellular repair mechanisms has facilitated significant advancements in genetic research and therapeutic applications. In cancer treatment, CRISPR/Cas9 shows promise in disrupting tumor survival genes and enhancing immune cell therapies. In vivo applications have demonstrated significant tumor inhibition and increased survival rates in preclinical studies, while ex vivo approaches, such as the modification of T cells for enhanced antitumor activity, have shown promising results in clinical trials. Despite its potential, CRISPR/Cas9 faces several technical and ethical challenges. Off-target effects, delivery system optimization, and ensuring the stability and safety of edited cells are critical technical hurdles. Future directions for CRISPR/Cas9 technology include developing new CRISPR systems with enhanced specificity, precise and efficient delivery methods, and multiplex gene editing capabilities. Integrating CRISPR with existing cancer treatments, such as immunotherapy and chemotherapy, can boost treatment efficacy and overcome drug resistance. In summary, CRISPR/Cas9 offers a promising future for cancer treatment through continuous development and refinement.
Keywords
CRISPR/Cas9, Cancer Therapy, Gene Editing, Immunotherapy, Technical and Ethical Challenges.
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Cite this article
Zhang,N. (2024). Applications and Challenges of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Cancer Treatment. Theoretical and Natural Science,61,67-75.
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