Searching Transits Around Red Dwarfs

Research Article
Open access

Searching Transits Around Red Dwarfs

Hanyi Ying 1* , Rongtao Wu 2 , Hannuo Li 3 , Guoliang Wu 4
  • 1 Beijing No.4 High School International Campus, Fuxingmennei ZOngmaotoutiao, Jia No.2, Xicheng District, Beijing, China    
  • 2 Stillwater Area High School, 5701 Stillwater Blvd N, Oak Park Heights, MN 55082, America    
  • 3 Beijing National Day School, Yuquan road no. 66, Haidian district, Beijing, China    
  • 4 Shenzhen Senior High School, Zetian Road no.8, Xiangmi lake avenue, Futian district, Shenzhen, China    
  • *corresponding author cravenclaw@163.com
Published on 20 February 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2/20220169
TNS Vol.2
ISSN (Print): 2753-8826
ISSN (Online): 2753-8818
ISBN (Print): 978-1-915371-13-3
ISBN (Online): 978-1-915371-14-0

Abstract

In this research, researchers aim to find the existence of possible new exoplanets within the various red dwarf systems with masses of 0.1 M/Me 0.3 within 15 parsecs of the Earth. In the sample size of 600, the Team Hypothesized the existence of at least 3-5 previously undiscovered exoplanets due to the red dwarf's properties mentioned above combined with technological advancement, allowing for a more effective analysis method of the existing data. The Researchers intended to use python to access Jupyter labs through which the codes analyze to measure the relative flux graph and with the aid of other programs such as NumPy, lightkurve, BLS, and Doppler shift method. The researchers classified all flux patterns into four different types: Ordinary(there’s no worth-noticing feature) flux pattern; Wave pattern, for which the flux distribution in the graph is an approximate adjustment to the sinusoidal mathematical trend with few minimal variations; Transit patterns, graphs which got flux pattern at some specific period ,when researchers find this pattern, they will zoom in the special flux area and employ BLS method to determine whether there exists at least one exo-planet.; Flare patterns, which have a feature of windfall, they have steep and rapid changes in flux as well as patterns. Researchers recorded the fourth type in paper to offer reference materials for later researchers who may be interested in flares. Through analyzing, we found 1 case of unresearched flare and 2 cases of worth-noting patterns, but no new exoplanets were found.

Keywords:

red dwarfs, exoplanets, transit, BLS method

Ying,H.;Wu,R.;Li,H.;Wu,G. (2023). Searching Transits Around Red Dwarfs. Theoretical and Natural Science,2,81-91.
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References

[1]. EDGEWORTH, K. (2021). Red Dwarf Stars. Retrieved 19 November 2021, from Extrasolar Planets. Lasp.colorado.edu. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://lasp.colorado.edu/outerplanets/exoplanets.php.

[2]. ShieldSquare Captcha. Iopscience.iop.org. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/309951.

[3]. Sun Fact Sheet. Nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/sunfact.html.

[4]. Earth's sun: Facts about the sun's age, size and history. Space.com. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://www.space.com/58-the-sun-formation-facts-and-characteristics.html.

[5]. VanderPlas, J. T. (2018). Understanding the Lomb–Scargle Periodogram. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 236(1). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aab766.

[6]. Kovács, G., Zucker, S., & Mazeh, T. (2002). A box-fitting algorithm in the search for periodic transits. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 391(1), 369-377. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20020802.

[7]. Barclay, T. (2021). TESS. TESS. Retrieved 18 November 2021, from https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/tess/.

[8]. NASA Exoplanet Archive. Exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. (2021). Retrieved 18 November 2021, from https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu.

[9]. Winters, J., Charbonneau, D., Henry, T., Irwin, J., Jao, W., Riedel, A., & Slatten, K. (2021). The Volume-complete Sample of M Dwarfs with masses 0.1 ≤ M/M ⊙ ≤ 0.3 within 15 Parsecs. The Astronomical Journal, 161(2), 63. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abcc74.

[10]. ECG Abnormalities Detection Using Doppler Shift Method. Ieeexplore.ieee.org. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6783503.

[11]. Route, M. (2021). The Rise of ROME. I. A Multiwavelength Analysis of the Star–Planet Interaction in the HD 189733 System. Retrieved 18 November 2021.

Cite this article

Ying,H.;Wu,R.;Li,H.;Wu,G. (2023). Searching Transits Around Red Dwarfs. Theoretical and Natural Science,2,81-91.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing Innovation and Applied Physics (CONF-CIAP 2022)

ISBN：978-1-915371-13-3(Print) / 978-1-915371-14-0(Online)
Editor：Michael Harre, Marwan Omar, Roman Bauer
Conference website: https://www.confciap.org/
Conference date: 4 August 2022
Series: Theoretical and Natural Science
Volume number: Vol.2
ISSN：2753-8818(Print) / 2753-8826(Online)

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References

[1]. EDGEWORTH, K. (2021). Red Dwarf Stars. Retrieved 19 November 2021, from Extrasolar Planets. Lasp.colorado.edu. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://lasp.colorado.edu/outerplanets/exoplanets.php.

[2]. ShieldSquare Captcha. Iopscience.iop.org. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/309951.

[3]. Sun Fact Sheet. Nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/sunfact.html.

[4]. Earth's sun: Facts about the sun's age, size and history. Space.com. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://www.space.com/58-the-sun-formation-facts-and-characteristics.html.

[5]. VanderPlas, J. T. (2018). Understanding the Lomb–Scargle Periodogram. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 236(1). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aab766.

[6]. Kovács, G., Zucker, S., & Mazeh, T. (2002). A box-fitting algorithm in the search for periodic transits. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 391(1), 369-377. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20020802.

[7]. Barclay, T. (2021). TESS. TESS. Retrieved 18 November 2021, from https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/tess/.

[8]. NASA Exoplanet Archive. Exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu. (2021). Retrieved 18 November 2021, from https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu.

[9]. Winters, J., Charbonneau, D., Henry, T., Irwin, J., Jao, W., Riedel, A., & Slatten, K. (2021). The Volume-complete Sample of M Dwarfs with masses 0.1 ≤ M/M ⊙ ≤ 0.3 within 15 Parsecs. The Astronomical Journal, 161(2), 63. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abcc74.

[10]. ECG Abnormalities Detection Using Doppler Shift Method. Ieeexplore.ieee.org. (2021). Retrieved 19 November 2021, from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6783503.

[11]. Route, M. (2021). The Rise of ROME. I. A Multiwavelength Analysis of the Star–Planet Interaction in the HD 189733 System. Retrieved 18 November 2021.

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