Comparative Insights on Traditional and Genetic Vaccines: Past Progress and Future Outlook

Yiting Wang

doi:10.54254/2753-8818/2025.AU22960

Research Article

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Published on 15 May 2025

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Wang,Y. (2025). Comparative Insights on Traditional and Genetic Vaccines: Past Progress and Future Outlook. Theoretical and Natural Science,111,17-22.

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Comparative Insights on Traditional and Genetic Vaccines: Past Progress and Future Outlook

Yiting Wang *^,1,

¹ Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2025.AU22960

Abstract

This review explores the evolution, mechanisms, and future potential of vaccines, with a comparative focus on traditional vaccines and emerging genetic vaccines. Traditional vaccines—such as inactivated, attenuated, and subunit types—have played a pivotal role in public health but face limitations in production complexity, efficacy, and storage. In contrast, genetic vaccines, particularly mRNA-based, offer higher efficiency, rapid development, and customizable antigen targeting enabled by gene-editing technologies like PCR and CRISPR. Despite challenges such as stability, delivery systems, and short-lived immunity in certain cases, genetic vaccines show promising adaptability in combating viral mutations and may redefine therapeutic strategies. The paper argues that with ongoing advances in biotechnology, genetic vaccines could gradually replace conventional types, shaping a new era in preventive medicine and global immunization.

Keywords

mRNA vaccines, genetic vaccines, traditional vaccines, immunization technology, public health

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Cite this article

Wang,Y. (2025). Comparative Insights on Traditional and Genetic Vaccines: Past Progress and Future Outlook. Theoretical and Natural Science,111,17-22.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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Volume title: Proceedings of ICBioMed 2025 Symposium: AI for Healthcare: Advanced Medical Data Analytics and Smart Rehabilitation

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ISBN：978-1-80590-109-9(Print) / 978-1-80590-110-5(Online)

Conference date: 17 October 2025

Editor：Alan Wang

Series: Theoretical and Natural Science

Volume number: Vol.111

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