Fluorescence mechanism and biomedical applications of graphene quantum dots

Research Article
Open access

Fluorescence mechanism and biomedical applications of graphene quantum dots

Ziqi Wang 1*
  • 1 Case School of Engineering. Case Western Reserve University. Cleveland. US    
  • *corresponding author zxw721@case.edu
Published on 20 December 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/23/20231077
TNS Vol.23
ISSN (Print): 2753-8826
ISSN (Online): 2753-8818
ISBN (Print): 978-1-83558-219-0
ISBN (Online): 978-1-83558-220-6

Abstract

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are fluorescent graphene nanoparticle that have tunable emission wavelength, high emission intensity and biocompatibility. The fluorescence mechanism is still indecisive, yet explanations exist. Surface or edge defects and quantum confinement are two major explanations and they accounted for the florescence properties observed so far. GQDs’ quantum confinement is applied to change the emission wavelength. Surface functional groups usually improve biocompatibility and solubility. Under several cases, surface defects are also engineered to tune emission wavelength and intensity to serve specific engineering propose. GQDs have found applications in bioimaging, biosensing, and therapy. GQDs can generate high intensity emission in the NIR-II window which is ideal in in vivo bioimaging. GQDs can be generated from folic acid in a one-step procedure. The GQDs generated this way can track folate receptor and help cancer diagnostics. High intensity emission also enables GQDs to be used in photothermal or photodynamic therapy. Future applications will be promoted by a better understanding of GQDs’ fluorescence mechanisms.

Keywords:

graphene quantum dots, fluorescence imaging, diagnostics

Wang,Z. (2023). Fluorescence mechanism and biomedical applications of graphene quantum dots. Theoretical and Natural Science,23,259-264.
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References

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Cite this article

Wang,Z. (2023). Fluorescence mechanism and biomedical applications of graphene quantum dots. Theoretical and Natural Science,23,259-264.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science

ISBN:978-1-83558-219-0(Print) / 978-1-83558-220-6(Online)
Editor:Alan Wang
Conference website: https://www.icbiomed.org/
Conference date: 2 September 2023
Series: Theoretical and Natural Science
Volume number: Vol.23
ISSN:2753-8818(Print) / 2753-8826(Online)

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References

[1]. Brus L 1986 The Journal of Physical Chemistry 90 2555–2560.

[2]. Edvinsson T 2018 Royal Society Open Science 5 180387

[3]. Sk M A, Ananthanarayanan A, Huang L, Lim K H and Chen P 2014 J. Mater. Chem. C 2 6954–6960

[4]. Lai S, Jin Y, Shi L, Zhou R, Zhou Y, and An D 2020 Nanoscale 12 591–601

[5]. Eda G, Lin Y-Y, Mattevi C, Yamaguchi H, Chen H-A, Chen I-S, Chen C-W, and Chhowalla M 2010 Advanced Materials 22 505–509

[6]. Cao L, Meziani M J, Sahu S, and Sun Y-P 2012 Accounts of Chemical Research 4 171–180

[7]. Gokus T, Nair R R, Bonetti A, Böhmler M, Lombardo A, Novoselov K S, Geim A K, Ferrari A C and Hartschuh A 2009 ACS Nano 3 3963–3968

[8]. Cao L, Meziani M J, Sahu S and Sun Y-P 2012 Accounts of Chemical Research 46 171–180

[9]. Lee D, Seo J, Zhu X, Lee J, Shin H-J, Cole J M, Shin T, Lee J, Lee H and Su H 2013 Scientific Reports 3 1-5

[10]. Zhu S, Wang L, Li B, Song Y, Zhao X, Zhang G, Zhang S, Lu S, Zhang J, Wang H, Sun H and Yang B 2014 Carbon 77 462–472

[11]. Xu Q, Zhou Q, Hua Z, Xue Q, Zhang C, Wang X, Pan D and Xiao M 2013 ACS Nano 7 10654–10661

[12]. Ritter K A and Lyding J W 2009 Nature Materials 8 235–242

[13]. Lin L and Zhang S 2012 Chemical Communications 48 10177

[14]. Liu H, Li Z, Sun Y, Geng X, Hu Y, Meng H, Ge J and Qu L 2018 Scientific Reports 8 1-8

[15]. Shang J, Ma L, Li J, Ai W, Yu T and Gurzadyan G G 2012 2 1-8

[16]. Liu Y, Zhou L, Li Y, Deng R and Zhang H 2017 Nanoscale 9 491–496

[17]. Lin L, Rong M, Lu S, Song X, Zhong Y, Yan J, Wang Y and Chen X 2015 Nanoscale 7 1872–1878

[18]. Lim S Y, Shen W and Gao Z 2015 Chemical Society Reviews 44 362–381

[19]. Cao L, Wang X, Meziani M J, Lu F, Wang H, Luo P G, Lin Y, Harruff B A, Veca L M, Murray D, Xie S-Y and Sun Y-P 2007 Journal of the American Chemical Society 129 11318–11319

[20]. Shen J, Zhu Y, Chen C, Yang X and Li C 2011 Chem. Commun. 47 2580–2582

[21]. Wen X, Yu P, Toh Y-R, Ma X and Tang J 2014 Chem. Commun. 50 4703–4706

[22]. Younis M R, He G, Lin J and Huang P 2020 Frontiers in Chemistry 8 1-25

[23]. Zhang Q, Deng S, Liu J, Zhong X, He J, Chen X, Feng B, Chen Y and Ostrikov K 2018 Advanced Functional Materials 29 1805860

[24]. Li N, Than A, Chen J, Xi F, Liu J and Chen P 2018 Biomaterials Science 6 779–784

[25]. Wang H, Mu Q, Wang K, Revia R A, Yen C, Gu X, Tian B, Liu J and Zhang M 2019 Applied Materials Today 14 108–117