Identifying the relationship between depression and cognitive neuroscience

Research Article
Open access

Identifying the relationship between depression and cognitive neuroscience

Xilong Li 1*
  • 1 The University of New South Wales    
  • *corresponding author 2857895374@qq.com
Published on 20 December 2023 | https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/24/20231118
TNS Vol.24
ISSN (Print): 2753-8826
ISSN (Online): 2753-8818
ISBN (Print): 978-1-83558-221-3
ISBN (Online): 978-1-83558-222-0

Abstract

Major depression (MD) is increasingly prevalent worldwide and more practical treatments are in demand. Discovering its mechanisms and affective factors could help in finding better treatment and understanding how each individual’s differences affect the mechanisms. This article focuses on discovering the relationship between depression and neuroscience, particularly on the cognitive aspect, emotion regulation, and brain structure. Three main executive functions in cognitive function, including updating, shifting, and inhibition are analyzed. Moreover, this paper indicates the relationship between dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in the brain structure and depression by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). With integrated information providing insights, several notable factors and mechanisms have been found. This proves that cognitive executive processes have a direct impact on emotion, where updating working memory can reduce the effects of negative emotions; however, shifting impairment tends to experience emotional dysregulation, and inhibitory deficits may impair adaptive emotion regulation processes. In addition, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) region of the brain structure manages the functions of emotion regulation and cognitive regulation. In a parallel understanding, cognitive dysfunction is associated with dynamic emotional states and MD psychopathology. Based on these findings, several possible treatments are subsequently put forward. Meanwhile, researchers discovered new directions to examine the relations between MD and neuroscience.

Keywords:

epression, neuroscience, cognitive dysfunction, emotion regulation, mental disorder

Li,X. (2023). Identifying the relationship between depression and cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical and Natural Science,24,112-116.
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References

[1]. Salehinejad, M.A., et al. (2017) Cognitive Control Dysfunction in Emotion Dysregulation and Psychopathology of Major Depression (MD): Evidence from Transcranial Brain Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC). Journal of affective disorders, 210, 241.

[2]. Joormann, J. and Ema, T. (2015) Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression: Examining Cognitive Control and Emotion Regulation. Current opinion in psychology, 4, 86.

[3]. Grahek, I., et al. (2018) Cognitive Control in Depression: Toward Clinical Models Informed by Cognitive Neuroscience. Clinical Psychological Science, 6(4), 464.

[4]. Miyake, A. and Naomi, P.F. (2012) The Nature and Organization of Individual Differences in Executive Functions: Four General Conclusions. Current directions in psychological science : a journal of the American Psychological Society, 21(1), 8.

[5]. Koster, E.H.W., Evi de, L. and Rudi de, R. (2013) Rumination Is Characterized by Valence-Specific Impairments in Switching of Attention. Acta psychologica, 144(3), 563.

[6]. Whitmer, A.J. and Ian, H.G. (2012) Switching and Backward Inhibition in Major Depressive Disorder: The Role of Rumination. Journal of abnormal psychology, 121(3), 570.

[7]. Kaiser, R.H., et al. (2015) Distracted and down: Neural Mechanisms of Affective Interference in Subclinical Depression. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 10(5), 654.

[8]. Auerbach, R.P., et al. (2013) Behavioral and Neural Mechanisms Underlying Cognitive Vulnerability Models of Depression. Journal of psychotherapy integration, 23(3), 222.

[9]. Bar, M. (2009) A Cognitive Neuroscience Hypothesis of Mood and Depression. Trends in cognitive sciences, 13(11), 456.

Cite this article

Li,X. (2023). Identifying the relationship between depression and cognitive neuroscience. Theoretical and Natural Science,24,112-116.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

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About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science

ISBN：978-1-83558-221-3(Print) / 978-1-83558-222-0(Online)
Editor：Alan Wang
Conference website: https://www.icbiomed.org/
Conference date: 2 September 2023
Series: Theoretical and Natural Science
Volume number: Vol.24
ISSN：2753-8818(Print) / 2753-8826(Online)

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References

[1]. Salehinejad, M.A., et al. (2017) Cognitive Control Dysfunction in Emotion Dysregulation and Psychopathology of Major Depression (MD): Evidence from Transcranial Brain Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC). Journal of affective disorders, 210, 241.

[2]. Joormann, J. and Ema, T. (2015) Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression: Examining Cognitive Control and Emotion Regulation. Current opinion in psychology, 4, 86.

[3]. Grahek, I., et al. (2018) Cognitive Control in Depression: Toward Clinical Models Informed by Cognitive Neuroscience. Clinical Psychological Science, 6(4), 464.

[4]. Miyake, A. and Naomi, P.F. (2012) The Nature and Organization of Individual Differences in Executive Functions: Four General Conclusions. Current directions in psychological science : a journal of the American Psychological Society, 21(1), 8.

[5]. Koster, E.H.W., Evi de, L. and Rudi de, R. (2013) Rumination Is Characterized by Valence-Specific Impairments in Switching of Attention. Acta psychologica, 144(3), 563.

[6]. Whitmer, A.J. and Ian, H.G. (2012) Switching and Backward Inhibition in Major Depressive Disorder: The Role of Rumination. Journal of abnormal psychology, 121(3), 570.

[7]. Kaiser, R.H., et al. (2015) Distracted and down: Neural Mechanisms of Affective Interference in Subclinical Depression. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 10(5), 654.

[8]. Auerbach, R.P., et al. (2013) Behavioral and Neural Mechanisms Underlying Cognitive Vulnerability Models of Depression. Journal of psychotherapy integration, 23(3), 222.

[9]. Bar, M. (2009) A Cognitive Neuroscience Hypothesis of Mood and Depression. Trends in cognitive sciences, 13(11), 456.

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