Research Article
Open access
Published on 26 July 2024
Download pdf
Mei,X. (2024). Comparing penicillin and azithromycin in treating scarlet fever. Theoretical and Natural Science,45,179-188.
Export citation

Comparing penicillin and azithromycin in treating scarlet fever

Xiaoxu Mei *,1,
  • 1 Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/45/20240579

Abstract

Scarlet fever was a typical respiratory infection in the 18th and 19th nations. It was due to group A beta hemolytic streptococcus. Symptoms were high fever, throat pain, and rash. The illness is mainly treated with penicillin V and azithromycin, thus reducing allergic reactions in patients. Penicillin V plays its role by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis and inducing bacterial autolysis. Azithromycin prevents microbial protein formation primarily by targeting the sensitive microbial ribosomes’ 50S subunit. But with the frequent use of these two classes of antibiotics, bacteria have developed resistance to both drugs in an evolving process. In this study, I would like to talk about the two common antibiotics that are currently the most effective and commonly used to treat scarlet fever.

Keywords

scarlet fever, penicillin V, azithromycin, group A beta hemolytic streptococcus

[1]. Ferretti, J., & Köhler, W. (2016). History of streptococcal research. University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center.

[2]. InformedHealth.org [Internet]. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG); 2006-. Scarlet fever: Overview. [Updated 2020 Jul 16]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279620/

[3]. Azithromycin. (n.d.). Medlineplus.gov. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a697037.html

[4]. You, Y., Qin, Y., Walker, M. J., Feng, L., & Zhang, J. (2019). Increased Incidence of Scarlet Fever - China, 1999-2018. China CDC weekly, 1(5), 63–66. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8393181/

[5]. Scarlet fever: A deadly history and how it prevails. (2023, January 24). Asm.org. https://asm.org/Articles/2023/January/Scarlet-Fever-A-Deadly-History-and-How-it-Prevails

[6]. Liu, Y., Chan, T. C., Yap, L. W., Luo, Y., Xu, W., Qin, S., Zhao, N., Yu, Z., Geng, X., & Liu, S. L. (2018). Resurgence of scarlet fever in China: a 13-year population-based surveillance study. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 18(8), 903–912. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30231-7

[7]. Penicillins. (n.d.). Antimicrobe.org. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from http://www.antimicrobe.org/d24.asp

[8]. National Center for Biotechnology Information (2023). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 6869, Penicillin V. Retrieved July 31, 2023 from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Penicillin-V.

[9]. Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023, June 5). Penicillium. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/Penicillium

[10]. (N.d.). Nhs.uk. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://www.clinicalguidelines.scot.nhs.uk/media/3651/ggc-interim-guidance-antibiotics-in-gas-v9-16-dec-2022.pdf

[11]. Dinos G. P. (2017). The macrolide antibiotic renaissance. British journal of pharmacology, 174(18), 2967–2983. Drug dosage and oral method used to treat scarlet fever National Center for Biotechnology Information (2023). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 447043, Azithromycin. Retrieved August 9, 2023 from https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Azithromycin.

[12]. “ZITHROMAX, ZMAX (Azithromycin)” (2017) in Antibiotics Manual. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, pp. 439–441.

[13]. Wessels MR. Pharyngitis and Scarlet Fever. 2016 Feb 10 [Updated 2016 Mar 25]. In: Ferretti JJ, Stevens DL, Fischetti VA, editors. Streptococcus pyogenes: Basic Biology to Clinical Manifestations [Internet]. Oklahoma City (OK): University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; 2016-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK333418/

[14]. Heidary, M., Ebrahimi Samangani, A., Kargari, A., Kiani Nejad, A., Yashmi, I., Motahar, M., Taki, E., & Khoshnood, S. (2022). Mechanism of action, resistance, synergism, and clinical implications of azithromycin. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 36(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.24427

[15]. Azithromycin. (n.d.). Medlineplus.gov. Retrieved August 14, 2023, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a697037.html

Cite this article

Mei,X. (2024). Comparing penicillin and azithromycin in treating scarlet fever. Theoretical and Natural Science,45,179-188.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the authors upon reasonable request.

Disclaimer/Publisher's Note

The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s). EWA Publishing and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

About volume

Volume title: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Modern Medicine and Global Health

Conference website: https://www.icmmgh.org/
ISBN:978-1-83558-551-1(Print) / 978-1-83558-552-8(Online)
Conference date: 5 January 2024
Editor:Mohammed JK Bashir
Series: Theoretical and Natural Science
Volume number: Vol.45
ISSN:2753-8818(Print) / 2753-8826(Online)

© 2024 by the author(s). Licensee EWA Publishing, Oxford, UK. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. Authors who publish this series agree to the following terms:
1. Authors retain copyright and grant the series right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this series.
2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the series's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this series.
3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See Open access policy for details).