Volume 129

Cadmium (Cd) is a significant pollutant in paddy fields, and its accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.), along with its eventual entry into the food chain, has led to a serious global environmental and people’s health issue related to diet. This research proposal aims to investigate the effects of varying concentrations and exposure durations of Cd on rice growth. The researchers will focus on identifying the specific parts of the rice plant most affected by cadmium, including rice ears, leaves and stems. In addition, by examining the morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in rice due to Cd exposure, this study aims to provide insights into the mechanisms of Cd-induced stress and potential mitigation strategies. These studies are critical for developing effective management practices to reduce Cd contamination in rice cultivation and enhance public food safety.

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This paper examines the contributing factors to acid rain formation, its effects on crops, and relevant research developments. The formation of acid rain is influenced by both anthropogenic and natural factors. On the anthropogenic side, industrial production, residential fuel combustion, and the emission of sulfur and nitrogen oxides from motor vehicles all contribute to its generation. On the natural side, volcanic eruptions and the decomposition of flora and fauna may also play a role. Acid rain poses significant threats to crops: it accelerates soil acidification, alters soil structure, disrupts microbial populations and nutrient cycles, and causes direct damage to crops. Different crop species exhibit varying sensitivities to acid rain. Recent research has made considerable progress in elucidating the mechanisms of harm and exploring prevention and control strategies, which holds significant implications for mitigation efforts.

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